{"id":535,"date":"2017-09-05T11:51:14","date_gmt":"2017-09-05T15:51:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/chapter\/13-5-summary-further-explorations-websites\/"},"modified":"2018-06-02T12:39:29","modified_gmt":"2018-06-02T16:39:29","slug":"13-5-summary-further-explorations-websites","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/chapter\/13-5-summary-further-explorations-websites\/","title":{"raw":"13.5 Key Concepts and Summary, Further Explorations, Websites","rendered":"13.5 Key Concepts and Summary, Further Explorations, Websites"},"content":{"raw":"

Key Concepts and Summary<\/h1>

Oort proposed in 1950 that long-period comets are derived from what we now call the Oort cloud, which surrounds the Sun out to about 50,000 AU (near the limit of the Sun\u2019s gravitational sphere of influence) and contains between 1012<\/sup> and 1013<\/sup> comets. Comets also come from the Kuiper belt, a disk-shaped region beyond the orbit of Neptune, extending to 50 AU from the Sun. Comets are primitive bodies left over from the formation of the outer solar system. Once a comet is diverted into the inner solar system, it typically survives no more than a few thousand perihelion passages before losing all its volatiles. Some comets die spectacular deaths: Shoemaker-Levy 9, for example, broke into 20 pieces before colliding with Jupiter in 1994.\n\n<\/section>

For Further Exploration<\/h1>

Articles<\/h2>

Asteroids<\/em><\/h3>

Asphang, E. \u201cThe Small Planets.\u201d Scientific American<\/em> (May 2000): 46. On asteroids, including results from the NEAR mission.\n\n

Beatty, J. \u201cThe Falcon\u2019s Wild Flight.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (September 2006): 34. On the Japanese mission to asteroid Itakawa.\n\n

Beatty, J. \u201cNEAR Falls for Eros.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (May 2001): 35. On the first landing on an asteroid.\n\n

Betz, E. \u201cDawn Mission Reveals Dwarf Planet Ceres.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (January 2016): 44. First images and discoveries.\n\n

Binzel, R. \u201cA New Century for Asteroids.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (July 2001): 44. Nice overview.\n\n

Boslaugh, M. \u201cIn Search of Death-Plunge Asteroids.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (July 2015): 28. On existing and proposed programs to search for Earth-crossing asteroids.\n\n

Cooke, B. \u201cFatal Attraction.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (May 2006): 46. On near-Earth asteroid Apophis, its orbit, and what we can learn from it.\n\n

Durda, D. \u201cOdd Couples.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (December 2005): 54. On binary asteroids.\n\n

Durda, D. \u201cAll in the Family.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (February 1993): 36. Discusses asteroid families.\n\n

Oberg, J. \u201c2013\u2019s Historic Russian Meteorite Fall\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (June 2012): 18. On the Chelyabinsk event.\n\n

Sheppard, S. \u201cDancing with the Planets.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (June 2016): 16. On Trojan asteroids that \u201cfollow\u201d planets like Jupiter.\n\n

Talcott, R. \u201cGalileo Views Gaspra.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (February 1992): 52.\n\n

Yeomans, D. \u201cJapan Visits an Asteroid.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (March 2006): 32. On the Hayabusa<\/em> probe exploration of asteroid Itakawa.\n\n

Zimmerman, R. \u201cIce Cream Sundaes and Mashed Potatoes.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (February 1999): 54. On the NEAR mission.\n\n<\/section>

Comets<\/em><\/h3>

Aguirre, E. \u201cThe Great Comet of 1997.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (July 1997): 50. On Comet Hale-Bopp.\n\n

Bakich, M. \u201cHow to Observe Comets.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (December 2009): 50. A guide for amateur astronomers.\n\n

Gore, R. \u201cHalley\u2019s Comet \u201986: Much More Than Met the Eye.\u201d National Geographic<\/em> (December 1986): 758. (Also, the March 1987 issue of Sky & Telescope<\/em> was devoted to what we learned from Halley\u2019s Comet in 1986.)\n\n

Hale, A. \u201cHale-Bopp Plus Ten.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (July 2005): 76. The co-discoverer of a naked-eye comet tells the story of the discovery and what followed.\n\n

Jewett, D. \u201cMysterious Travelers: Comet Science.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (December. 2013): 18. Nice summary of what we know about comets and questions we have.\n\n

Rao, J. \u201cHow Often do Bright Comets Appear?\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (November 2013): 30. Nice summary of bright comets in the last century and what factors make a comet spectacular in our skies.\n\n

Sekanina, Z. \u201cSungrazing Comets.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (March 2006): 36.\n\n

Sheppard, S. \u201cBeyond the Kuiper Belt.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (March 2015): 26. On Sedna and the Oort cloud.\n\n

Stern, S. \u201cEvolution at the Edge.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (September 2005): 46. How comet nuclei evolve with time.\n\n

Talcott, R. \u201cRendezvous with an Evolving Comet [Rosetta at Comet 67P\/C-G].\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (September 2015): 44.\n\n

Tytell, D. \u201cDeep Impact\u2019s Hammer Throw.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (October 2006): 34. On the mission that threw a probe at the nucleus of a comet. See also (June 2005): 40.\n\n

Weissman, P. \u201cA Comet Tale.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (February 2006): 36. A nice review of what we know and don\u2019t know about the physical nature of comets.\n\n<\/section><\/section>

Websites<\/h2>

Asteroids<\/em><\/h3>

Dawn Mission: http:\/\/dawn.jpl.nasa.gov. Discover more about this mission to the largest asteroids.\n\n

NEAR-Shoemaker Mission: http:\/\/near.jhuapl.edu\/. Review background information and see great images from the mission that went by Mathilde and Eros.\n\n<\/section>

Comets<\/em><\/h3>

Deep Impact Mission: http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/deepimpact\/main\/.\n\n

Kuiper Belt: http:\/\/www2.ess.ucla.edu\/~jewitt\/kb.html. David Jewitt of the University of Hawaii keeps track of the objects that have been discovered.\n\n

Missions to Comets: http:\/\/solarsystem.nasa.gov\/missions\/target\/comets. Read about NASA\u2019s current and past missions to comets.\n\n

Stardust Mission: http:\/\/stardust.jpl.nasa.gov\/home\/index.html. Learn about this mission to collect a sample of a comet and bring it back to Earth.\n\n<\/section><\/section>

Videos<\/h2>

Asteroids<\/em><\/h3>Sweating the Small Stuff: The Fear and Fun of Near-Earth Asteroids: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5gyAvc5OhII. Harvard Observatory Night Lecture by Jose-Luis Galache (1:18:07).\n\n

Unveiling Dwarf Planet Ceres: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_G9LudkLWOY. A vonKarman Lecture by Dr. Carol Raymond, Oct. 2015, also includes Vesta results (1:18:38).\n\n<\/section>

Comets<\/em><\/h3>

Great Comets, Comets in General, and Comet ISON: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DiBkYAnQ_C. Talk by Frank Summers, Space Telescope Science Institute (1:01:10).\n\nPress Conference on the Impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=B-tUP8afEIo. Day 2 after impact; July 17, 1994; with the discoverers and Heidi Hammel (1:22:29).\n\n

Rosetta: The Story So Far: https:\/\/www.ras.org.uk\/events-and-meetings\/public-lectures\/public-lecture-videos\/2726-rosetta-the-story-so-far. Royal Astronomical Society Lecture by Dr. Ian Wright (1:00:29).\n\n<\/section><\/section><\/section>","rendered":"

\n

Key Concepts and Summary<\/h1>\n

Oort proposed in 1950 that long-period comets are derived from what we now call the Oort cloud, which surrounds the Sun out to about 50,000 AU (near the limit of the Sun\u2019s gravitational sphere of influence) and contains between 1012<\/sup> and 1013<\/sup> comets. Comets also come from the Kuiper belt, a disk-shaped region beyond the orbit of Neptune, extending to 50 AU from the Sun. Comets are primitive bodies left over from the formation of the outer solar system. Once a comet is diverted into the inner solar system, it typically survives no more than a few thousand perihelion passages before losing all its volatiles. Some comets die spectacular deaths: Shoemaker-Levy 9, for example, broke into 20 pieces before colliding with Jupiter in 1994.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

For Further Exploration<\/h1>\n
\n

Articles<\/h2>\n
\n

Asteroids<\/em><\/h3>\n

Asphang, E. \u201cThe Small Planets.\u201d Scientific American<\/em> (May 2000): 46. On asteroids, including results from the NEAR mission.<\/p>\n

Beatty, J. \u201cThe Falcon\u2019s Wild Flight.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (September 2006): 34. On the Japanese mission to asteroid Itakawa.<\/p>\n

Beatty, J. \u201cNEAR Falls for Eros.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (May 2001): 35. On the first landing on an asteroid.<\/p>\n

Betz, E. \u201cDawn Mission Reveals Dwarf Planet Ceres.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (January 2016): 44. First images and discoveries.<\/p>\n

Binzel, R. \u201cA New Century for Asteroids.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (July 2001): 44. Nice overview.<\/p>\n

Boslaugh, M. \u201cIn Search of Death-Plunge Asteroids.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (July 2015): 28. On existing and proposed programs to search for Earth-crossing asteroids.<\/p>\n

Cooke, B. \u201cFatal Attraction.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (May 2006): 46. On near-Earth asteroid Apophis, its orbit, and what we can learn from it.<\/p>\n

Durda, D. \u201cOdd Couples.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (December 2005): 54. On binary asteroids.<\/p>\n

Durda, D. \u201cAll in the Family.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (February 1993): 36. Discusses asteroid families.<\/p>\n

Oberg, J. \u201c2013\u2019s Historic Russian Meteorite Fall\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (June 2012): 18. On the Chelyabinsk event.<\/p>\n

Sheppard, S. \u201cDancing with the Planets.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (June 2016): 16. On Trojan asteroids that \u201cfollow\u201d planets like Jupiter.<\/p>\n

Talcott, R. \u201cGalileo Views Gaspra.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (February 1992): 52.<\/p>\n

Yeomans, D. \u201cJapan Visits an Asteroid.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (March 2006): 32. On the Hayabusa<\/em> probe exploration of asteroid Itakawa.<\/p>\n

Zimmerman, R. \u201cIce Cream Sundaes and Mashed Potatoes.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (February 1999): 54. On the NEAR mission.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

Comets<\/em><\/h3>\n

Aguirre, E. \u201cThe Great Comet of 1997.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (July 1997): 50. On Comet Hale-Bopp.<\/p>\n

Bakich, M. \u201cHow to Observe Comets.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (December 2009): 50. A guide for amateur astronomers.<\/p>\n

Gore, R. \u201cHalley\u2019s Comet \u201986: Much More Than Met the Eye.\u201d National Geographic<\/em> (December 1986): 758. (Also, the March 1987 issue of Sky & Telescope<\/em> was devoted to what we learned from Halley\u2019s Comet in 1986.)<\/p>\n

Hale, A. \u201cHale-Bopp Plus Ten.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (July 2005): 76. The co-discoverer of a naked-eye comet tells the story of the discovery and what followed.<\/p>\n

Jewett, D. \u201cMysterious Travelers: Comet Science.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (December. 2013): 18. Nice summary of what we know about comets and questions we have.<\/p>\n

Rao, J. \u201cHow Often do Bright Comets Appear?\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (November 2013): 30. Nice summary of bright comets in the last century and what factors make a comet spectacular in our skies.<\/p>\n

Sekanina, Z. \u201cSungrazing Comets.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (March 2006): 36.<\/p>\n

Sheppard, S. \u201cBeyond the Kuiper Belt.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (March 2015): 26. On Sedna and the Oort cloud.<\/p>\n

Stern, S. \u201cEvolution at the Edge.\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (September 2005): 46. How comet nuclei evolve with time.<\/p>\n

Talcott, R. \u201cRendezvous with an Evolving Comet [Rosetta at Comet 67P\/C-G].\u201d Astronomy<\/em> (September 2015): 44.<\/p>\n

Tytell, D. \u201cDeep Impact\u2019s Hammer Throw.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (October 2006): 34. On the mission that threw a probe at the nucleus of a comet. See also (June 2005): 40.<\/p>\n

Weissman, P. \u201cA Comet Tale.\u201d Sky & Telescope<\/em> (February 2006): 36. A nice review of what we know and don\u2019t know about the physical nature of comets.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

Websites<\/h2>\n
\n

Asteroids<\/em><\/h3>\n

Dawn Mission: http:\/\/dawn.jpl.nasa.gov. Discover more about this mission to the largest asteroids.<\/p>\n

NEAR-Shoemaker Mission: http:\/\/near.jhuapl.edu\/. Review background information and see great images from the mission that went by Mathilde and Eros.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

Comets<\/em><\/h3>\n

Deep Impact Mission: http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/deepimpact\/main\/.<\/p>\n

Kuiper Belt: http:\/\/www2.ess.ucla.edu\/~jewitt\/kb.html. David Jewitt of the University of Hawaii keeps track of the objects that have been discovered.<\/p>\n

Missions to Comets: http:\/\/solarsystem.nasa.gov\/missions\/target\/comets. Read about NASA\u2019s current and past missions to comets.<\/p>\n

Stardust Mission: http:\/\/stardust.jpl.nasa.gov\/home\/index.html. Learn about this mission to collect a sample of a comet and bring it back to Earth.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n

\n

Videos<\/h2>\n
\n

Asteroids<\/em><\/h3>\n

Sweating the Small Stuff: The Fear and Fun of Near-Earth Asteroids: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=5gyAvc5OhII. Harvard Observatory Night Lecture by Jose-Luis Galache (1:18:07).<\/p>\n

Unveiling Dwarf Planet Ceres: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=_G9LudkLWOY. A vonKarman Lecture by Dr. Carol Raymond, Oct. 2015, also includes Vesta results (1:18:38).<\/p>\n<\/section>\n

\n

Comets<\/em><\/h3>\n

Great Comets, Comets in General, and Comet ISON: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=DiBkYAnQ_C. Talk by Frank Summers, Space Telescope Science Institute (1:01:10).<\/p>\n

Press Conference on the Impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=B-tUP8afEIo. Day 2 after impact; July 17, 1994; with the discoverers and Heidi Hammel (1:22:29).<\/p>\n

Rosetta: The Story So Far: https:\/\/www.ras.org.uk\/events-and-meetings\/public-lectures\/public-lecture-videos\/2726-rosetta-the-story-so-far. Royal Astronomical Society Lecture by Dr. Ian Wright (1:00:29).<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"author":395,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-535","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":496,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/535","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/395"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/535\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":536,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/535\/revisions\/536"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/496"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/535\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=535"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=535"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/a7000y2018\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}