{"id":768,"date":"2021-07-23T09:20:40","date_gmt":"2021-07-23T13:20:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/chapter\/introduction-31\/"},"modified":"2022-06-23T09:19:49","modified_gmt":"2022-06-23T13:19:49","slug":"introduction-31","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/chapter\/introduction-31\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction","rendered":"Introduction"},"content":{"raw":"&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\r\n<h3><strong>Learning Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Br\u00f8nsted-Lowry Acids and Bases<\/li>\r\n \t<li>pH and pOH<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Hydrolysis of Salt Solutions<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Polyprotic Acids<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Buffers<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Acid-Base Titrations<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"CNX_Chem_14_00_Sinkhole\" class=\"splash\">\r\n<div class=\"bc-figcaption figcaption\">Sinkholes such as this are the result of reactions between acidic groundwaters and basic rock formations, like limestone. (credit: modification of work by Emil Kehnel)<\/div>\r\n<span id=\"fs-idp47373024\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"A photograph is shown of a pond formed in a sinkhole. Layers of limestone with trees and shrubs surround the murky green water of the pond.\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_14_00_Sinkhole-1.jpg\" alt=\"A photograph is shown of a pond formed in a sinkhole. Layers of limestone with trees and shrubs surround the murky green water of the pond.\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpeg\" \/><\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idp162964256\">Liquid water is essential to life on our planet, and chemistry involving the characteristic ions of water, H<sup>+<\/sup> and OH<sup>-<\/sup>, is widely encountered in nature and society. As introduced in another chapter of this text, acid-base chemistry involves the transfer of hydrogen ions from donors (acids) to acceptors (bases). These H<sup>+<\/sup> transfer reactions are reversible, and the equilibria established by acid-base systems are essential aspects of phenomena ranging from sinkhole formation (<a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Chem_14_00_Sinkhole\">(Figure)<\/a>) to oxygen transport in the human body. This chapter will further explore acid-base chemistry with an emphasis on the equilibrium aspects of this important reaction class.<\/p>","rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<h3><strong>Learning Objectives<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Br\u00f8nsted-Lowry Acids and Bases<\/li>\n<li>pH and pOH<\/li>\n<li>Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases<\/li>\n<li>Hydrolysis of Salt Solutions<\/li>\n<li>Polyprotic Acids<\/li>\n<li>Buffers<\/li>\n<li>Acid-Base Titrations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"CNX_Chem_14_00_Sinkhole\" class=\"splash\">\n<div class=\"bc-figcaption figcaption\">Sinkholes such as this are the result of reactions between acidic groundwaters and basic rock formations, like limestone. (credit: modification of work by Emil Kehnel)<\/div>\n<p><span id=\"fs-idp47373024\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"A photograph is shown of a pond formed in a sinkhole. Layers of limestone with trees and shrubs surround the murky green water of the pond.\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_14_00_Sinkhole-1.jpg\" alt=\"A photograph is shown of a pond formed in a sinkhole. Layers of limestone with trees and shrubs surround the murky green water of the pond.\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpeg\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-idp162964256\">Liquid water is essential to life on our planet, and chemistry involving the characteristic ions of water, H<sup>+<\/sup> and OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup>, is widely encountered in nature and society. As introduced in another chapter of this text, acid-base chemistry involves the transfer of hydrogen ions from donors (acids) to acceptors (bases). These H<sup>+<\/sup> transfer reactions are reversible, and the equilibria established by acid-base systems are essential aspects of phenomena ranging from sinkhole formation (<a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Chem_14_00_Sinkhole\">(Figure)<\/a>) to oxygen transport in the human body. This chapter will further explore acid-base chemistry with an emphasis on the equilibrium aspects of this important reaction class.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1392,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-768","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":766,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1392"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/768\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1835,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/768\/revisions\/1835"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/766"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/768\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=768"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=768"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}