{"id":29,"date":"2021-07-23T09:18:47","date_gmt":"2021-07-23T13:18:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/front-matter\/preface\/"},"modified":"2021-08-18T16:45:58","modified_gmt":"2021-08-18T20:45:58","slug":"preface","status":"publish","type":"front-matter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/front-matter\/preface\/","title":{"raw":"Preface","rendered":"Preface"},"content":{"raw":"&nbsp;\r\n<p id=\"eip-420\">Welcome to <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em>, an OpenStax resource. This textbook was written to increase student access to high-quality learning materials, maintaining highest standards of academic rigor at little to no cost.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"eip-260\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\r\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About OpenStax<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"eip-616\">OpenStax is a nonprofit based at Rice University, and it\u2019s our mission to improve student access to education. Our first openly licensed college textbook was published in 2012, and our library has since scaled to over 25 books for college and AP<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> courses used by hundreds of thousands of students. OpenStax Tutor, our low-cost personalized learning tool, is being used in college courses throughout the country. Through our partnerships with philanthropic foundations and our alliance with other educational resource organizations, OpenStax is breaking down the most common barriers to learning and empowering students and instructors to succeed.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-479\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\r\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About OpenStax resources<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<div id=\"eip-475\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Customization<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-849\"><em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license, which means that you can distribute, remix, and build upon the content, as long as you provide attribution to OpenStax and its content contributors.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"eip-338\">Because our books are openly licensed, you are free to use the entire book or pick and choose the sections that are most relevant to the needs of your course. Feel free to remix the content by assigning your students certain chapters and sections in your syllabus, in the order that you prefer. You can even provide a direct link in your syllabus to the sections in the web view of your book.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"eip-23\">Instructors also have the option of creating a customized version of their OpenStax book. The custom version can be made available to students in low-cost print or digital form through their campus bookstore. Visit the Instructor Resources section of your book page on OpenStax.org for more information.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-597\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Errata<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-42\">All OpenStax textbooks undergo a rigorous review process. However, like any professional-grade textbook, errors sometimes occur. Since our books are web based, we can make updates periodically when deemed pedagogically necessary. If you have a correction to suggest, submit it through the link on your book page on OpenStax.org. Subject matter experts review all errata suggestions. OpenStax is committed to remaining transparent about all updates, so you will also find a list of past errata changes on your book page on OpenStax.org.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-255\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Format<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-109\">You can access this textbook for free in web view or PDF through OpenStax.org, and for a low cost in print.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-905\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\r\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<p id=\"eip-35\"><em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div id=\"eip-667\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Coverage and scope<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-862\">Our <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> textbook adheres to the scope and sequence of most general chemistry courses nationwide. We strive to make chemistry, as a discipline, interesting and accessible to students. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from fundamental to more advanced concepts of chemical science. Topics are introduced within the context of familiar experiences whenever possible, treated with an appropriate rigor to satisfy the intellect of the learner, and reinforced in subsequent discussions of related content. The organization and pedagogical features were developed and vetted with feedback from chemistry educators dedicated to the project.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"fs-idm167914352\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Changes to the second edition<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm178020288\">OpenStax only undertakes second editions when significant modifications to the text are necessary. In the case of <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em>, user feedback indicated that we needed to focus on a few key areas, which we have done in the following ways:<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm212040832\"><strong>Content revisions for clarity and accuracy.<\/strong> The revision plan varied by chapter based on need. About five chapters were extensively rewritten and another twelve chapters were substantially revised to improve the readability and clarity of the narrative.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm224576736\"><strong>Example and end-of-chapter exercises. <\/strong>The example and end-of-chapter exercises in several chapters were subjected to a rigorous accuracy check and revised to correct any errors, and additional exercises were added to several chapters to more fully support chapter content.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm163049808\"><strong>Art and illustrations.<\/strong> Under the guidance of the authors and expert scientific illustrators, especially those well-versed in creating accessible art, the OpenStax team made changes to much of the art in the first edition of <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry<\/em>. The revisions included correcting errors, redesigning illustrations to improve understanding, and recoloring for overall consistency.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"fs-idm213719232\"><strong>Accessibility improvements.<\/strong> As with all OpenStax books, the first edition of <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry<\/em> was created with a focus on accessibility. We have emphasized and improved that approach in the second edition. To accommodate users of specific assistive technologies, all alternative text was reviewed and revised for comprehensiveness and clarity. Many illustrations were revised to improve the color contrast, which is important for some visually impaired students. Overall, the OpenStax platform has been continually upgraded to improve accessibility.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-951\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Pedagogical foundation and features<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-193\">Throughout <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em>, you will find features that draw the students into scientific inquiry by taking selected topics a step further. Students and educators alike will appreciate discussions in these feature boxes.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul id=\"eip-806\">\r\n \t<li><strong data-effect=\"bold\">Chemistry in Everyday Life<\/strong> ties chemistry concepts to everyday issues and real-world applications of science that students encounter in their lives. Topics include cell phones, solar thermal energy power plants, plastics recycling, and measuring blood pressure.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong data-effect=\"bold\">How Sciences Interconnect<\/strong> feature boxes discuss chemistry in context of its interconnectedness with other scientific disciplines. Topics include neurotransmitters, greenhouse gases and climate change, and proteins and enzymes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong data-effect=\"bold\">Portrait of a Chemist<\/strong> presents a short bio and an introduction to the work of prominent figures from history and present day so that students can see the \u201cfaces\u201d of contributors in this field as well as science in action.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-88\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Comprehensive art program<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-87\">Our art program is designed to enhance students\u2019 understanding of concepts through clear, effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.<\/p>\r\n<span id=\"Chem_Preface_01\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_01_02_Cellulose.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_02\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_02_02_Rutherford.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_03\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_04_02_HClsoln.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_04\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_06_03_3dOrbitals.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_05\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_20_01_alkanes.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_06\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_10_06_FcCntrdCb.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_07\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_21_03_Reaction1.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-819\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Interactives that engage<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-16\"><em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> incorporates links to relevant interactive exercises and animations that help bring topics to life through our <strong data-effect=\"bold\">Link to Learning<\/strong> feature. Examples include:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul id=\"eip-id1165023493302\">\r\n \t<li>PhET simulations<\/li>\r\n \t<li>IUPAC data and interactives<\/li>\r\n \t<li>TED Talks<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-638\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Assessments that reinforce key concepts<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-963\">In-chapter <strong data-effect=\"bold\">Examples<\/strong> walk students through problems by posing a question, stepping out a solution, and then asking students to practice the skill with a \u201cCheck Your Learning\u201d component. The book also includes assessments at the end of each chapter so students can apply what they\u2019ve learned through practice problems.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-138\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\r\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Additional resources<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<div id=\"eip-idm1034689360\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Student and instructor resources<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-idm1037301216\">We\u2019ve compiled additional resources for both students and instructors, including Getting Started Guides, an instructor solutions manual, and PowerPoint slides. Instructor resources require a verified instructor account, which you can apply for when you log in or create your account on OpenStax.org. Take advantage of these resources to supplement your OpenStax book.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-300\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Community Hubs<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-363\">OpenStax partners with the Institute for the Study of Knowledge Management in Education (ISKME) to offer Community Hubs on OER Commons \u2014 a platform for instructors to share community-created resources that support OpenStax books, free of charge. Through our Community Hubs, instructors can upload their own materials or download resources to use in their own courses, including additional ancillaries, teaching material, multimedia, and relevant course content. We encourage instructors to join the hubs for the subjects most relevant to your teaching and research as an opportunity both to enrich your courses and to engage with other faculty.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"eip-idm617177904\">To reach the Community Hubs, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oercommons.org\/hubs\/OpenStax\">www.oercommons.org\/hubs\/OpenStax<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-idm1165935696\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Technology partners<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-idm216230720\">As allies in making high-quality learning materials accessible, our technology partners offer optional low-cost tools that are integrated with OpenStax books. To access the technology options for your text, visit your book page on OpenStax.org.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-384\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\r\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About the authors<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<div id=\"eip-4\" class=\"sr-contrib-auth\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Senior contributing authors<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-205\"><strong>Paul Flowers, University of North Carolina at Pembroke<\/strong><span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Dr. Paul Flowers earned a BS in Chemistry from St. Andrews Presbyterian College in 1983 and a PhD in Analytical Chemistry from the University of Tennessee in 1988. After a one-year postdoctoral appointment at Los Alamos National Laboratory, he joined the University of North Carolina at Pembroke in the fall of 1989. Dr. Flowers teaches courses in general and analytical chemistry, and conducts experimental research involving the development of new devices and methods for microscale chemical analysis.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"eip-id8053827\"><strong>Klaus Theopold, University of Delaware<\/strong><span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Dr. Klaus Theopold (born in Berlin, Germany) received his Vordiplom from the Universit\u00e4t Hamburg in 1977. He then decided to pursue his graduate studies in the United States, where he received his PhD in inorganic chemistry from UC Berkeley in 1982. After a year of postdoctoral research at MIT, he joined the faculty at Cornell University. In 1990, he moved to the University of Delaware, where he is a Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and serves as an Associate Director of the University\u2019s Center for Catalytic Science and Technology. Dr. Theopold regularly teaches graduate courses in inorganic and organometallic chemistry as well as general chemistry.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"eip-id1170475791741\"><strong>Richard Langley, Stephen F. Austin State University<\/strong><span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Dr. Richard Langley earned BS degrees in Chemistry and Mineralogy from Miami University of Ohio in the early 1970s and went on to receive his PhD in Chemistry from the University of Nebraska in 1977. After a postdoctoral fellowship at the Arizona State University Center for Solid State Studies, Dr. Langley taught in the University of Wisconsin system and participated in research at Argonne National Laboratory. Moving to Stephen F. Austin State University in 1982, Dr. Langley today serves as Professor of Chemistry. His areas of specialization are solid state chemistry, synthetic inorganic chemistry, fluorine chemistry, and chemical education.<\/p>\r\n<p id=\"eip-858\"><strong>William R. Robinson, PhD<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-693\" class=\"contrib-auth\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Contributing authors<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-837\">Mark Blaser, Shasta College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Simon Bott, University of Houston<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Donald Carpenetti, Craven Community College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Andrew Eklund, Alfred University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Emad El-Giar, University of Louisiana at Monroe<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Don Frantz, Wilfrid Laurier University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Paul Hooker, Westminster College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Jennifer Look, Mercer University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> George Kaminski, Worcester Polytechnic Institute<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Carol Martinez, Central New Mexico Community College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Troy Milliken, Jackson State University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Vicki Moravec, Trine University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Jason Powell, Ferrum College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Thomas Sorensen, University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Allison Soult, University of Kentucky<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"eip-554\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\r\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Reviewers<\/strong><\/h4>\r\n<p id=\"eip-641\">Casey Akin, College Station Independent School District<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Lara AL-Hariri, University of Massachusetts\u2013Amherst<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Sahar Atwa, University of Louisiana at Monroe<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Todd Austell, University of North Carolina\u2013Chapel Hill<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Bobby Bailey, University of Maryland\u2013University College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Robert Baker, Trinity College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Jeffrey Bartz, Kalamazoo College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Greg Baxley, Cuesta College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Ashley Beasley Green, National Institute of Standards and Technology<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Patricia Bianconi, University of Massachusetts<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Lisa Blank, Lyme Central School District<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Daniel Branan, Colorado Community College System<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Dorian Canelas, Duke University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Emmanuel Chang, York College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Carolyn Collins, College of Southern Nevada<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Colleen Craig, University of Washington<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Yasmine Daniels, Montgomery College\u2013Germantown<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Patricia Dockham, Grand Rapids Community College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Erick Fuoco, Richard J. Daley College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Andrea Geyer, University of Saint Francis<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Daniel Goebbert, University of Alabama<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> John Goodwin, Coastal Carolina University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Stephanie Gould, Austin College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Patrick Holt, Bellarmine University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> George A. Kaminski, Worcester Polytechnic Institute<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Kevin Kolack, Queensborough Community College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Amy Kovach, Roberts Wesleyan College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Judit Kovacs Beagle, University of Dayton<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Krzysztof Kuczera, University of Kansas<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Marcus Lay, University of Georgia<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Pamela Lord, University of Saint Francis<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Oleg Maksimov, Excelsior College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> John Matson, Virginia Tech<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Katrina Miranda, University of Arizona<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Douglas Mulford, Emory University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Mark Ott, Jackson College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Adrienne Oxley, Columbia College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Richard Pennington, Georgia Gwinnett College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Rodney Powell, Coastal Carolina Community College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Jeanita Pritchett, Montgomery College\u2013Rockville <span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Aheda Saber, University of Illinois at Chicago<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Raymond Sadeghi, University of Texas at San Antonio<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Nirmala Shankar, Rutgers University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Jonathan Smith, Temple University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Bryan Spiegelberg, Rider University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Ron Sternfels, Roane State Community College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Cynthia Strong, Cornell College<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Kris Varazo, Francis Marion University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Victor Vilchiz, Virginia State University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Alex Waterson, Vanderbilt University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> JuchaoYan, Eastern New Mexico University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Mustafa Yatin, Salem State University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Kazushige Yokoyama, State University of New York at Geneseo<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Curtis Zaleski, Shippensburg University<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span> Wei Zhang, University of Colorado\u2013Boulder<span data-type=\"newline\">\r\n<\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p id=\"eip-420\">Welcome to <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em>, an OpenStax resource. This textbook was written to increase student access to high-quality learning materials, maintaining highest standards of academic rigor at little to no cost.<\/p>\n<div id=\"eip-260\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About OpenStax<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p id=\"eip-616\">OpenStax is a nonprofit based at Rice University, and it\u2019s our mission to improve student access to education. Our first openly licensed college textbook was published in 2012, and our library has since scaled to over 25 books for college and AP<sup>\u00ae<\/sup> courses used by hundreds of thousands of students. OpenStax Tutor, our low-cost personalized learning tool, is being used in college courses throughout the country. Through our partnerships with philanthropic foundations and our alliance with other educational resource organizations, OpenStax is breaking down the most common barriers to learning and empowering students and instructors to succeed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-479\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About OpenStax resources<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"eip-475\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Customization<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-849\"><em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY) license, which means that you can distribute, remix, and build upon the content, as long as you provide attribution to OpenStax and its content contributors.<\/p>\n<p id=\"eip-338\">Because our books are openly licensed, you are free to use the entire book or pick and choose the sections that are most relevant to the needs of your course. Feel free to remix the content by assigning your students certain chapters and sections in your syllabus, in the order that you prefer. You can even provide a direct link in your syllabus to the sections in the web view of your book.<\/p>\n<p id=\"eip-23\">Instructors also have the option of creating a customized version of their OpenStax book. The custom version can be made available to students in low-cost print or digital form through their campus bookstore. Visit the Instructor Resources section of your book page on OpenStax.org for more information.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-597\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Errata<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-42\">All OpenStax textbooks undergo a rigorous review process. However, like any professional-grade textbook, errors sometimes occur. Since our books are web based, we can make updates periodically when deemed pedagogically necessary. If you have a correction to suggest, submit it through the link on your book page on OpenStax.org. Subject matter experts review all errata suggestions. OpenStax is committed to remaining transparent about all updates, so you will also find a list of past errata changes on your book page on OpenStax.org.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-255\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Format<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-109\">You can access this textbook for free in web view or PDF through OpenStax.org, and for a low cost in print.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-905\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p id=\"eip-35\"><em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> is designed to meet the scope and sequence requirements of the two-semester general chemistry course. The textbook provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of chemistry and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and the world around them. The book also includes a number of innovative features, including interactive exercises and real-world applications, designed to enhance student learning. The second edition has been revised to incorporate clearer, more current, and more dynamic explanations, while maintaining the same organization as the first edition. Substantial improvements have been made in the figures, illustrations, and example exercises that support the text narrative.<\/p>\n<div id=\"eip-667\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Coverage and scope<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-862\">Our <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> textbook adheres to the scope and sequence of most general chemistry courses nationwide. We strive to make chemistry, as a discipline, interesting and accessible to students. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from fundamental to more advanced concepts of chemical science. Topics are introduced within the context of familiar experiences whenever possible, treated with an appropriate rigor to satisfy the intellect of the learner, and reinforced in subsequent discussions of related content. The organization and pedagogical features were developed and vetted with feedback from chemistry educators dedicated to the project.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-idm167914352\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Changes to the second edition<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-idm178020288\">OpenStax only undertakes second editions when significant modifications to the text are necessary. In the case of <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em>, user feedback indicated that we needed to focus on a few key areas, which we have done in the following ways:<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idm212040832\"><strong>Content revisions for clarity and accuracy.<\/strong> The revision plan varied by chapter based on need. About five chapters were extensively rewritten and another twelve chapters were substantially revised to improve the readability and clarity of the narrative.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idm224576736\"><strong>Example and end-of-chapter exercises. <\/strong>The example and end-of-chapter exercises in several chapters were subjected to a rigorous accuracy check and revised to correct any errors, and additional exercises were added to several chapters to more fully support chapter content.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idm163049808\"><strong>Art and illustrations.<\/strong> Under the guidance of the authors and expert scientific illustrators, especially those well-versed in creating accessible art, the OpenStax team made changes to much of the art in the first edition of <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry<\/em>. The revisions included correcting errors, redesigning illustrations to improve understanding, and recoloring for overall consistency.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-idm213719232\"><strong>Accessibility improvements.<\/strong> As with all OpenStax books, the first edition of <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry<\/em> was created with a focus on accessibility. We have emphasized and improved that approach in the second edition. To accommodate users of specific assistive technologies, all alternative text was reviewed and revised for comprehensiveness and clarity. Many illustrations were revised to improve the color contrast, which is important for some visually impaired students. Overall, the OpenStax platform has been continually upgraded to improve accessibility.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-951\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Pedagogical foundation and features<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-193\">Throughout <em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em>, you will find features that draw the students into scientific inquiry by taking selected topics a step further. Students and educators alike will appreciate discussions in these feature boxes.<\/p>\n<ul id=\"eip-806\">\n<li><strong data-effect=\"bold\">Chemistry in Everyday Life<\/strong> ties chemistry concepts to everyday issues and real-world applications of science that students encounter in their lives. Topics include cell phones, solar thermal energy power plants, plastics recycling, and measuring blood pressure.<\/li>\n<li><strong data-effect=\"bold\">How Sciences Interconnect<\/strong> feature boxes discuss chemistry in context of its interconnectedness with other scientific disciplines. Topics include neurotransmitters, greenhouse gases and climate change, and proteins and enzymes.<\/li>\n<li><strong data-effect=\"bold\">Portrait of a Chemist<\/strong> presents a short bio and an introduction to the work of prominent figures from history and present day so that students can see the \u201cfaces\u201d of contributors in this field as well as science in action.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-88\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Comprehensive art program<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-87\">Our art program is designed to enhance students\u2019 understanding of concepts through clear, effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"Chem_Preface_01\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_01_02_Cellulose.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_02\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_02_02_Rutherford.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_03\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_04_02_HClsoln.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_04\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_06_03_3dOrbitals.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_05\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_20_01_alkanes.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_06\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_10_06_FcCntrdCb.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><span id=\"Chem_Preface_07\" data-type=\"media\" data-alt=\"..\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1463\/2021\/07\/CNX_Chem_21_03_Reaction1.jpg\" alt=\"..\" data-media-type=\"image\/jpg\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-819\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Interactives that engage<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-16\"><em data-effect=\"italics\">Chemistry 2e<\/em> incorporates links to relevant interactive exercises and animations that help bring topics to life through our <strong data-effect=\"bold\">Link to Learning<\/strong> feature. Examples include:<\/p>\n<ul id=\"eip-id1165023493302\">\n<li>PhET simulations<\/li>\n<li>IUPAC data and interactives<\/li>\n<li>TED Talks<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-638\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Assessments that reinforce key concepts<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-963\">In-chapter <strong data-effect=\"bold\">Examples<\/strong> walk students through problems by posing a question, stepping out a solution, and then asking students to practice the skill with a \u201cCheck Your Learning\u201d component. The book also includes assessments at the end of each chapter so students can apply what they\u2019ve learned through practice problems.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-138\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Additional resources<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"eip-idm1034689360\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Student and instructor resources<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-idm1037301216\">We\u2019ve compiled additional resources for both students and instructors, including Getting Started Guides, an instructor solutions manual, and PowerPoint slides. Instructor resources require a verified instructor account, which you can apply for when you log in or create your account on OpenStax.org. Take advantage of these resources to supplement your OpenStax book.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-300\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Community Hubs<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-363\">OpenStax partners with the Institute for the Study of Knowledge Management in Education (ISKME) to offer Community Hubs on OER Commons \u2014 a platform for instructors to share community-created resources that support OpenStax books, free of charge. Through our Community Hubs, instructors can upload their own materials or download resources to use in their own courses, including additional ancillaries, teaching material, multimedia, and relevant course content. We encourage instructors to join the hubs for the subjects most relevant to your teaching and research as an opportunity both to enrich your courses and to engage with other faculty.<\/p>\n<p id=\"eip-idm617177904\">To reach the Community Hubs, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oercommons.org\/hubs\/OpenStax\">www.oercommons.org\/hubs\/OpenStax<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-idm1165935696\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Technology partners<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-idm216230720\">As allies in making high-quality learning materials accessible, our technology partners offer optional low-cost tools that are integrated with OpenStax books. To access the technology options for your text, visit your book page on OpenStax.org.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-384\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"1\">\n<h3 data-type=\"title\"><strong>About the authors<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div id=\"eip-4\" class=\"sr-contrib-auth\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Senior contributing authors<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-205\"><strong>Paul Flowers, University of North Carolina at Pembroke<\/strong><span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Dr. Paul Flowers earned a BS in Chemistry from St. Andrews Presbyterian College in 1983 and a PhD in Analytical Chemistry from the University of Tennessee in 1988. After a one-year postdoctoral appointment at Los Alamos National Laboratory, he joined the University of North Carolina at Pembroke in the fall of 1989. Dr. Flowers teaches courses in general and analytical chemistry, and conducts experimental research involving the development of new devices and methods for microscale chemical analysis.<\/p>\n<p id=\"eip-id8053827\"><strong>Klaus Theopold, University of Delaware<\/strong><span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Dr. Klaus Theopold (born in Berlin, Germany) received his Vordiplom from the Universit\u00e4t Hamburg in 1977. He then decided to pursue his graduate studies in the United States, where he received his PhD in inorganic chemistry from UC Berkeley in 1982. After a year of postdoctoral research at MIT, he joined the faculty at Cornell University. In 1990, he moved to the University of Delaware, where he is a Professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and serves as an Associate Director of the University\u2019s Center for Catalytic Science and Technology. Dr. Theopold regularly teaches graduate courses in inorganic and organometallic chemistry as well as general chemistry.<\/p>\n<p id=\"eip-id1170475791741\"><strong>Richard Langley, Stephen F. Austin State University<\/strong><span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Dr. Richard Langley earned BS degrees in Chemistry and Mineralogy from Miami University of Ohio in the early 1970s and went on to receive his PhD in Chemistry from the University of Nebraska in 1977. After a postdoctoral fellowship at the Arizona State University Center for Solid State Studies, Dr. Langley taught in the University of Wisconsin system and participated in research at Argonne National Laboratory. Moving to Stephen F. Austin State University in 1982, Dr. Langley today serves as Professor of Chemistry. His areas of specialization are solid state chemistry, synthetic inorganic chemistry, fluorine chemistry, and chemical education.<\/p>\n<p id=\"eip-858\"><strong>William R. Robinson, PhD<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-693\" class=\"contrib-auth\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Contributing authors<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-837\">Mark Blaser, Shasta College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Simon Bott, University of Houston<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Donald Carpenetti, Craven Community College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Andrew Eklund, Alfred University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Emad El-Giar, University of Louisiana at Monroe<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Don Frantz, Wilfrid Laurier University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Paul Hooker, Westminster College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Jennifer Look, Mercer University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> George Kaminski, Worcester Polytechnic Institute<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Carol Martinez, Central New Mexico Community College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Troy Milliken, Jackson State University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Vicki Moravec, Trine University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Jason Powell, Ferrum College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Thomas Sorensen, University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Allison Soult, University of Kentucky<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-554\" class=\"bc-section section\" data-depth=\"2\">\n<h4 data-type=\"title\"><strong>Reviewers<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p id=\"eip-641\">Casey Akin, College Station Independent School District<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Lara AL-Hariri, University of Massachusetts\u2013Amherst<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Sahar Atwa, University of Louisiana at Monroe<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Todd Austell, University of North Carolina\u2013Chapel Hill<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Bobby Bailey, University of Maryland\u2013University College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Robert Baker, Trinity College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Jeffrey Bartz, Kalamazoo College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Greg Baxley, Cuesta College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Ashley Beasley Green, National Institute of Standards and Technology<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Patricia Bianconi, University of Massachusetts<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Lisa Blank, Lyme Central School District<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Daniel Branan, Colorado Community College System<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Dorian Canelas, Duke University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Emmanuel Chang, York College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Carolyn Collins, College of Southern Nevada<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Colleen Craig, University of Washington<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Yasmine Daniels, Montgomery College\u2013Germantown<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Patricia Dockham, Grand Rapids Community College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Erick Fuoco, Richard J. Daley College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Andrea Geyer, University of Saint Francis<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Daniel Goebbert, University of Alabama<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> John Goodwin, Coastal Carolina University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Stephanie Gould, Austin College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Patrick Holt, Bellarmine University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> George A. Kaminski, Worcester Polytechnic Institute<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Kevin Kolack, Queensborough Community College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Amy Kovach, Roberts Wesleyan College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Judit Kovacs Beagle, University of Dayton<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Krzysztof Kuczera, University of Kansas<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Marcus Lay, University of Georgia<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Pamela Lord, University of Saint Francis<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Oleg Maksimov, Excelsior College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> John Matson, Virginia Tech<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Katrina Miranda, University of Arizona<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Douglas Mulford, Emory University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Mark Ott, Jackson College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Adrienne Oxley, Columbia College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Richard Pennington, Georgia Gwinnett College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Rodney Powell, Coastal Carolina Community College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Jeanita Pritchett, Montgomery College\u2013Rockville <span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Aheda Saber, University of Illinois at Chicago<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Raymond Sadeghi, University of Texas at San Antonio<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Nirmala Shankar, Rutgers University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Jonathan Smith, Temple University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Bryan Spiegelberg, Rider University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Ron Sternfels, Roane State Community College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Cynthia Strong, Cornell College<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Kris Varazo, Francis Marion University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Victor Vilchiz, Virginia State University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Alex Waterson, Vanderbilt University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> JuchaoYan, Eastern New Mexico University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Mustafa Yatin, Salem State University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Kazushige Yokoyama, State University of New York at Geneseo<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Curtis Zaleski, Shippensburg University<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span> Wei Zhang, University of Colorado\u2013Boulder<span data-type=\"newline\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1392,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"front-matter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-29","front-matter","type-front-matter","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/29","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/front-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1392"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/29\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1118,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/29\/revisions\/1118"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/29\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"front-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter-type?post=29"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=29"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/aperrott\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=29"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}