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By the end of this section, you will be able to:

• Compare and contrast antibody-mediated (humoral) and cell-mediated immunity
• Describe the immunological memory (anamnestic) response.
• Distinguish among the various types of lymphocytes, including helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells, regulatory (or suppressor) T cells, B cells, plasma cells, and memory cells.
• With respect to B cells and T cells:
• Define immunocompetence and self tolerance and distinguish between naive and activated immune cells.
• Compare & contrast the sites where the cells originate and achieve their immunocompetence, and the primary location of the immunocompetent cells in the body.
• Compare & contrast the mechanisms of antigen challenge and the clonal selection processes, including effector cells, helper cells, memory cells, and important cytokines.
• Describe the contribution of clonal deletion to immunity.
• Explain how activation of Cytotoxic T lymphocytes occurs.
• Explain how activation of B lymphocytes occurs.
• Explain the role of Class I and Class II Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHC) in T and B lymphocyte activation, discussing the role of Antigen-Presenting Cells (APCs).
• Describe mechanisms of antibody action.
• Compare and contrast the five classes of antibodies in terms of structural and functional features in addition to location.
• Explain in graph format the primary and secondary immune response, in terms of the relative concentrations of different classes of antibodies and lymphocytes produced over time.