{"id":132,"date":"2023-12-04T10:21:58","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T15:21:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/chapter\/chapter-overview\/"},"modified":"2023-12-04T10:21:58","modified_gmt":"2023-12-04T15:21:58","slug":"chapter-overview","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/chapter\/chapter-overview\/","title":{"raw":"Melanoma Chapter Overview","rendered":"Melanoma Chapter Overview"},"content":{"raw":"\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Chapter Learning Objectives<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n\nBy the end of this chapter, you will be able to:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Describe the normal role of melanocytes in skin.<\/li>\n \t<li>Explain how damage to DNA can cause cancerous changes in genes - particularly proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressors.<\/li>\n \t<li>Examine a histological preparation of skin and identify common histological features in cancerous cells and the basement membrane.<\/li>\n \t<li>Briefly describe how metastasis can develop and likely sites of metastasis.<\/li>\n \t<li>Explain how collaboration between&nbsp; health care professionals work towards diagnosis and management of melanoma.<\/li>\n \t<li>Recall measures to lower one's risk for developing melanoma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nSkin cancers are THE most common types of cancers.&nbsp; Thankfully, most types of skin cancers do not result in death.&nbsp; However, melanoma is one type of skin cancer that can be lethal if not detected and treated early enough.&nbsp; This chapter will first discuss normal epithelial tissue and skin anatomy and histology, followed by a brief introduction to how cancer can develop in a cell. To introduce melanoma, author Lyz Boyd will guide you from the point of view the reader who sees a funny looking mole to the naked eye.&nbsp; Lyz will introduce the histopathology of melanoma and metastasis.\n\nWatch this Open Education video for a quick introduction to melanoma.\n\n[h5p id=\"4\"]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;background-color: #f0f0f0;padding: 5px\"><sup>How Likely Are You to Get Skin Cancer? by New York Magazine, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\nThis chapter is subdivided into:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Pre-test<\/li>\n \t<li>Normal skin anatomy &amp; histology<\/li>\n \t<li>Introduction to cell differentiation and cancer<\/li>\n \t<li>Pathophysiology of melanoma<\/li>\n \t<li>Progression of melanoma: metastasis<\/li>\n \t<li>Interview with medical Laboratory Science technologist about biopsy of possible melanoma<\/li>\n \t<li>Post-test<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 data-type=\"part\">Abbreviations<\/h1>\nThe following abbreviations are used throughout the chapter.\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;ACTH&quot;}\">ACTH<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Adrenocorticotropic Hormone&quot;}\">Adrenocorticotropic Hormone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;BMI&quot;}\">BMI<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Body Mass Index&quot;}\">Body Mass Index<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;CDK&quot;}\">CDK<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Cyclin-Dependent Kinase&quot;}\">Cyclin-Dependent Kinase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;G1&quot;}\">G1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Gap 1 Phase&quot;}\">Gap 1 Phase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;G2&quot;}\">G2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Gap 2 Phase&quot;}\">Gap 2 Phase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;hESCs&quot;}\">hESCs<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Human Embryonic Stem Cells&quot;}\">Human Embryonic Stem Cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;iPSCs&quot;}\">iPSCs<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells&quot;}\">Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;MSH&quot;}\">MSH<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone&quot;}\">Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;S phase&quot;}\">S phase<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Synthesis Phase&quot;}\">Synthesis Phase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;UV&quot;}\">UV<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Ultraviolet&quot;}\">Ultraviolet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Acknowledgement<\/h1>\nThis chapter was predominantly composed by medical student Lyz Boyd as part of her Yr 1 FLEX project with UBC Undergraduate Medical Program.\n","rendered":"<div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Chapter Learning Objectives<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Describe the normal role of melanocytes in skin.<\/li>\n<li>Explain how damage to DNA can cause cancerous changes in genes &#8211; particularly proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressors.<\/li>\n<li>Examine a histological preparation of skin and identify common histological features in cancerous cells and the basement membrane.<\/li>\n<li>Briefly describe how metastasis can develop and likely sites of metastasis.<\/li>\n<li>Explain how collaboration between&nbsp; health care professionals work towards diagnosis and management of melanoma.<\/li>\n<li>Recall measures to lower one&#8217;s risk for developing melanoma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Skin cancers are THE most common types of cancers.&nbsp; Thankfully, most types of skin cancers do not result in death.&nbsp; However, melanoma is one type of skin cancer that can be lethal if not detected and treated early enough.&nbsp; This chapter will first discuss normal epithelial tissue and skin anatomy and histology, followed by a brief introduction to how cancer can develop in a cell. To introduce melanoma, author Lyz Boyd will guide you from the point of view the reader who sees a funny looking mole to the naked eye.&nbsp; Lyz will introduce the histopathology of melanoma and metastasis.<\/p>\n<p>Watch this Open Education video for a quick introduction to melanoma.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;background-color: #f0f0f0;padding: 5px\"><sup>How Likely Are You to Get Skin Cancer? by New York Magazine, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/\">CC-BY 4.0<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>This chapter is subdivided into:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pre-test<\/li>\n<li>Normal skin anatomy &amp; histology<\/li>\n<li>Introduction to cell differentiation and cancer<\/li>\n<li>Pathophysiology of melanoma<\/li>\n<li>Progression of melanoma: metastasis<\/li>\n<li>Interview with medical Laboratory Science technologist about biopsy of possible melanoma<\/li>\n<li>Post-test<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 data-type=\"part\">Abbreviations<\/h1>\n<p>The following abbreviations are used throughout the chapter.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;ACTH&quot;}\">ACTH<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Adrenocorticotropic Hormone&quot;}\">Adrenocorticotropic Hormone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;BMI&quot;}\">BMI<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Body Mass Index&quot;}\">Body Mass Index<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;CDK&quot;}\">CDK<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Cyclin-Dependent Kinase&quot;}\">Cyclin-Dependent Kinase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;G1&quot;}\">G1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Gap 1 Phase&quot;}\">Gap 1 Phase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;G2&quot;}\">G2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Gap 2 Phase&quot;}\">Gap 2 Phase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;hESCs&quot;}\">hESCs<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Human Embryonic Stem Cells&quot;}\">Human Embryonic Stem Cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;iPSCs&quot;}\">iPSCs<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells&quot;}\">Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;MSH&quot;}\">MSH<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone&quot;}\">Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;S phase&quot;}\">S phase<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Synthesis Phase&quot;}\">Synthesis Phase<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 49.90654205607476%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;UV&quot;}\">UV<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50.09345794392524%\" data-sheets-value=\"{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Ultraviolet&quot;}\">Ultraviolet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Acknowledgement<\/h1>\n<p>This chapter was predominantly composed by medical student Lyz Boyd as part of her Yr 1 FLEX project with UBC Undergraduate Medical Program.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":103,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["jen-2"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[117],"license":[],"class_list":["post-132","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-jen-2"],"part":131,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/132","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/103"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/132\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/131"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/132\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=132"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=132"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=132"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=132"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}