{"id":192,"date":"2023-12-04T10:22:32","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T15:22:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/chapter\/gross-anatomy-of-metastatic-melanoma\/"},"modified":"2023-12-04T10:43:00","modified_gmt":"2023-12-04T15:43:00","slug":"gross-anatomy-of-metastatic-melanoma","status":"web-only","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/chapter\/gross-anatomy-of-metastatic-melanoma\/","title":{"raw":"Gross Anatomy of Metastatic Melanoma","rendered":"Gross Anatomy of Metastatic Melanoma"},"content":{"raw":"\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n\nAt the end of this section, you will be able to:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Name common sites of metastasis.<\/li>\n \t<li>Upon visual inspection, identify key features of metastatic melanoma in organs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n&nbsp;\n\nMelanoma frequently metastasizes to the liver, lungs, and brain.&nbsp; However, metastases can also occur in other organs.&nbsp; The DHPLC collection is fortunate to have specimens (from various patients) of melanoma metastases in the liver, brain, lungs, kidneys and the heart.&nbsp; Regardless of the metastatic site, the melanoma will look similar to that seen in the primary site (i.e. skin).&nbsp; In essence, metastases will look like moles in these organs which normally would NOT have any melanocytes present.\n\n[h5p id=\"50\"]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;background-color: #f0f0f0;padding: 5px\"><sup>Metastatic Melanoma in Liver (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: M0935<\/strong><\/em>) and Lung (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: A0901C<\/strong><\/em>) by Lyz Boyd, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n&nbsp;\n\n[h5p id=\"51\"]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;background-color: #f0f0f0;padding: 5px\"><sup>Metastatic Melanoma in Brain (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: P0932<\/strong><\/em> ) and Heart (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: B0901<\/strong><\/em>) by Lyz Boyd, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\nMelanoma can metastasize to other, less common, sites.&nbsp; The following images are from different patients, all with metastatic melanoma.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_666\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1920\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/IMG_20200926_134401-scaled.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-666 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/IMG_20200926_134401-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"a kidney and adrenal are visible with large, obvious black spots within and on top of the kidney. These black spots are melanoma metastases\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\"><\/a> <strong>Figure 4.17a<\/strong>&nbsp; <em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>Specimen: D0913<\/strong> - <\/em><em>Anterior View of Kidney and Adrenal Gland with Melanoma Metastases, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em>[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_668\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"2560\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/IMG_20200926_134536-scaled.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-668 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/IMG_20200926_134536-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Posterior view of kidney and adrenal with melanoma metastasis. The melanoma is about quarter the size of the kidney\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\"><\/a> <strong>Figure 4.17b <\/strong><em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>Specimen: D0913<\/strong> - Posterior View of Kidney and Adrenal with Melanoma Metastasis, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a><\/em>[\/caption]\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_671\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"2560\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/IMG_20200926_134739-scaled.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-671 size-full\" style=\"color: #373d3f;font-weight: bold;font-size: 1em\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/IMG_20200926_134739-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\"><\/a> <strong>Figure 4.18<\/strong> <em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>specimen: U0910<\/strong> -<\/em><em>Melanoma of Small Intestine, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em>[\/caption]\n\nRecall that there are melanocytes in the uvea of the eye.&nbsp; Although less common, melanoma can arise within the eye and metastasize to any of the pre-mentioned locations.\n\n[caption id=\"attachment_753\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"961\"]<a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/melanoma-in-eye.jpg\"><img class=\"wp-image-753 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/melanoma-in-eye.jpg\" alt=\"the interior of the eye is visible with the lens\/pupil on the right and the optic nerve on the left. A very large brown melanoma &quot;mole' is in the centre of the vitreous chamber, taking up approximately a quarter of the view.\" width=\"961\" height=\"849\"><\/a> <strong>Figure 4.19<\/strong> <em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>specimen Y0901<\/strong> - <\/em><em>Melanoma that Started in the Eye in the Melanocyte-rich Choroid Layer, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em>[\/caption]\n<h1>Section Review<\/h1>\n<ul>\n \t<li>Common sites of metastasis are liver, lungs, and brain.<\/li>\n \t<li>Metastasis can occur to other organs, provided that they have blood or lymphatic flow.&nbsp; These abnormal melanocytes will grow in this new location, regardless of whether melanocytes were previously present. Thus melanoma will visually appear similar to those of the original site, but now in a distant organ:&nbsp; dark, irregularly shaped and sized moles of varying colours.<\/li>\n \t<li>Melanoma can also arise from tissues which also have melanocytes - the eye being an example of a less common origin of melanoma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Review Questions<\/h1>\n[h5p id=\"109\"]\n","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Learning Objectives<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>At the end of this section, you will be able to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Name common sites of metastasis.<\/li>\n<li>Upon visual inspection, identify key features of metastatic melanoma in organs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Melanoma frequently metastasizes to the liver, lungs, and brain.&nbsp; However, metastases can also occur in other organs.&nbsp; The DHPLC collection is fortunate to have specimens (from various patients) of melanoma metastases in the liver, brain, lungs, kidneys and the heart.&nbsp; Regardless of the metastatic site, the melanoma will look similar to that seen in the primary site (i.e. skin).&nbsp; In essence, metastases will look like moles in these organs which normally would NOT have any melanocytes present.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;background-color: #f0f0f0;padding: 5px\"><sup>Metastatic Melanoma in Liver (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: M0935<\/strong><\/em>) and Lung (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: A0901C<\/strong><\/em>) by Lyz Boyd, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;background-color: #f0f0f0;padding: 5px\"><sup>Metastatic Melanoma in Brain (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: P0932<\/strong><\/em> ) and Heart (<em><strong>DHPLC Specimen: B0901<\/strong><\/em>) by Lyz Boyd, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Melanoma can metastasize to other, less common, sites.&nbsp; The following images are from different patients, all with metastatic melanoma.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_666\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-666\" style=\"width: 1920px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/IMG_20200926_134401-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-666 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/IMG_20200926_134401-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"a kidney and adrenal are visible with large, obvious black spots within and on top of the kidney. These black spots are melanoma metastases\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2560\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-666\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 4.17a<\/strong>&nbsp; <em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>Specimen: D0913<\/strong> &#8211; <\/em><em>Anterior View of Kidney and Adrenal Gland with Melanoma Metastases, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_668\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-668\" style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/IMG_20200926_134536-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-668 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/IMG_20200926_134536-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Posterior view of kidney and adrenal with melanoma metastasis. The melanoma is about quarter the size of the kidney\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-668\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 4.17b <\/strong><em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>Specimen: D0913<\/strong> &#8211; Posterior View of Kidney and Adrenal with Melanoma Metastasis, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_671\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-671\" style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/IMG_20200926_134739-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-671 size-full\" style=\"color: #373d3f;font-weight: bold;font-size: 1em\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/IMG_20200926_134739-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-671\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 4.18<\/strong> <em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>specimen: U0910<\/strong> &#8211;<\/em><em>Melanoma of Small Intestine, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Recall that there are melanocytes in the uvea of the eye.&nbsp; Although less common, melanoma can arise within the eye and metastasize to any of the pre-mentioned locations.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_753\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-753\" style=\"width: 961px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2021\/07\/melanoma-in-eye.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-753 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2131\/2023\/12\/melanoma-in-eye.jpg\" alt=\"the interior of the eye is visible with the lens\/pupil on the right and the optic nerve on the left. A very large brown melanoma &quot;mole' is in the centre of the vitreous chamber, taking up approximately a quarter of the view.\" width=\"961\" height=\"849\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-753\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 4.19<\/strong> <em><strong>DHPLC<\/strong> <strong>specimen Y0901<\/strong> &#8211; <\/em><em>Melanoma that Started in the Eye in the Melanocyte-rich Choroid Layer, licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/choosealicense.com\/no-license\/\">All rights reserved<\/a>&nbsp;<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1>Section Review<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>Common sites of metastasis are liver, lungs, and brain.<\/li>\n<li>Metastasis can occur to other organs, provided that they have blood or lymphatic flow.&nbsp; These abnormal melanocytes will grow in this new location, regardless of whether melanocytes were previously present. Thus melanoma will visually appear similar to those of the original site, but now in a distant organ:&nbsp; dark, irregularly shaped and sized moles of varying colours.<\/li>\n<li>Melanoma can also arise from tissues which also have melanocytes &#8211; the eye being an example of a less common origin of melanoma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Review Questions<\/h1>\n","protected":false},"author":103,"menu_order":22,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["lyz-boyd","jen-2"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[117],"license":[],"class_list":["post-192","chapter","type-chapter","status-web-only","hentry","contributor-jen-2"],"part":131,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/103"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1324,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/192\/revisions\/1324"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/131"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/192\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=192"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/dcbiol2200\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}