{"id":844,"date":"2017-06-28T19:20:19","date_gmt":"2017-06-28T23:20:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/part\/chapter-5-color-theory-basic-shapes\/"},"modified":"2020-09-02T15:23:11","modified_gmt":"2020-09-02T19:23:11","slug":"chapter-5-color-theory-basic-shapes","status":"publish","type":"part","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/part\/chapter-5-color-theory-basic-shapes\/","title":{"raw":"ACC Chapter 5: Color Theory &amp;  Basic Shapes","rendered":"ACC Chapter 5: Color Theory &amp;  Basic Shapes"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n<h2>DOWNLOAD CHAPTER MATERIALS FOR CHAPTER 5<\/h2>\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/digitalfoundations.net\/downloads\/ch05-files.zip\">Download Materials for Chapter 5<\/a>\r\n\r\nThere are no files needed to complete this chapter. Download and view the completed exercise examples.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nGerman Bauhaus school educators Josef Albers and Johannes Itten helped define and expand upon color theory during the years 1919 - 1923. Albers created a course in color theory that inspired the tutorial in this chapter. Students who attend art and design universities typically complete these color studies using pigment and brushes or with Color-Aid paper, however formal color studies are demonstrated in the digital environment with the following four exercises where hue, value, and contrast are exploited to achieve various color relationships.\r\n\r\nThe traditional (analog) color wheel utilizes the RYB (red-yellow-blue) color model. In this subtractive color model, red, yellow, and blue are the primary hues (what we think of as colors), which can be mixed together to create any other color within the color wheel. Opposite colors on the wheel are called complementary, while analogous colors sit side-by-side on the wheel. When the primaries are mixed together in the subtractive system, the resulting product is black. In the digital spectrum, the RGB (red-green-blue) additive color system is used on television screens and computer monitors. Colored light is mixed to create hue and value with red, green and blue as the primary colors. When the primary colors in the RGB model are mixed together, the result is white.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_836\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"370\"]<img class=\"size-full wp-image-836\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2017\/06\/ch5fig1.jpg\" alt=\"Color wheel 1\" width=\"370\" height=\"365\" \/> Color wheel 1[\/caption]\r\n\r\nThe CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) color model is another digital spectrum that is specific to the print industry. Artists and designers often create high volumes of printed media using the CMYK color model to synchronize the digital file with the four corresponding printing plates. This system is also subtractive, even though it is utilized in a digital environment, so mixing equal parts of cyan, magenta, yellow and black produces black. The CMYK color mode enables digital producers to access Pantone\u00ae colors, a set of industry specific colors that are made to render a clear translation between the color that is presented on the screen and the color that will result from the printer's equipment.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_836\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"419\"]<img class=\"wp-image-676 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig2-1.jpg\" alt=\"Color Wheel 2\" width=\"419\" height=\"370\" \/> Color Wheel 2[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_836\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"wp-image-677 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig3-1.jpg\" alt=\"Color wheel 3\" width=\"400\" height=\"396\" \/> Color wheel 3. Farbkreis, Johannes Itten, 1921. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Farbkreis_Itten_1961.png\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Farbkreis_Itten_1961.png<\/a>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_836\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"size-full wp-image-678\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig4-1.png\" alt=\"Color Wheel 4\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" \/> Color Wheel 4, RGB Color Wheel <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Additive_RGB_Circles-48bpp.png\">\u00a0http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Additive_RGB_Circles-48bpp.png<\/a>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<strong>Vocabulary<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hue is color (e.g. red, blue, green, yellow)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Intensity, Saturation, Chroma and Brilliance all refer to how much pigment is in a color, which translates to how vivid a color appears.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Value is measured by how much white or black is mixed with a hue, or, it can be registered as the grayscale equivalent of a color.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Shades are a hue mixed with black.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tints are a hue mixed with white.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogous colors are adjacent on the color wheel.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<img class=\"size-full wp-image-679\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig5-1.jpg\" alt=\"Homage to the Square, Joseph Albers, 1950 - 1975\" width=\"400\" height=\"244\" \/>\r\n\r\nHomage to the Square, Joseph Albers, 1950 - 1975. Analogous colors are demonstrated on this stamp, featuring one of Albers' homages. Albers began working on this series in 1950 and made thousands of works addressing the square over the course of twenty-five years.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/digitalfoundations\/2229001663\/\">\u00a0https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/digitalfoundations\/2229001663\/<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Complementary colors directly oppose each other on the color wheel.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_836\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"size-full wp-image-680\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig6-1.jpg\" alt=\"Jahre Deutscher Werkbund, stamp\" width=\"400\" height=\"403\" \/> Jahre Deutscher Werkbund, stamp, Germany. Complementary colors are utilized in this stamp celebrating Jahre Deutscher Werkbund.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:100_Jahre_Deutscher_Werkbund_-_Postwertzeichen.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:100_Jahre_Deutscher_Werkbund_-_Postwertzeichen.jpg<\/a>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_836\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"size-full wp-image-681\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig7-1.jpg\" alt=\"Sunflowers, Vincent Van Gogh, 1888\" width=\"400\" height=\"519\" \/> Sunflowers, Vincent Van Gogh, 1888, oil on canvas. Analogous colors are used to in Van Gogh's sunflowers to create color harmony.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Vincent_Van_Gogh_0010.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Vincent_Van_Gogh_0010.jpg<\/a>[\/caption]\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_836\" align=\"alignnone\" width=\"400\"]<img class=\"wp-image-682 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig8-1.jpg\" alt=\"Portr\u00e4t der Frau Manet auf blauem Sofa, Edouard Manet, 1880\" width=\"400\" height=\"334\" \/> Portr\u00e4t der Frau Manet auf blauem Sofa, Edouard Manet, 1880, oil on canvas. Complementary colors are used in Manet's painting to create contrast between the blue couch and woman in the foreground and the orange wall in the background.<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Edouard_Manet_042.jpg\">\u00a0https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Edouard_Manet_042.jpg<\/a>[\/caption]","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox\">\n<h2>DOWNLOAD CHAPTER MATERIALS FOR CHAPTER 5<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/digitalfoundations.net\/downloads\/ch05-files.zip\">Download Materials for Chapter 5<\/a><\/p>\n<p>There are no files needed to complete this chapter. Download and view the completed exercise examples.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>German Bauhaus school educators Josef Albers and Johannes Itten helped define and expand upon color theory during the years 1919 &#8211; 1923. Albers created a course in color theory that inspired the tutorial in this chapter. Students who attend art and design universities typically complete these color studies using pigment and brushes or with Color-Aid paper, however formal color studies are demonstrated in the digital environment with the following four exercises where hue, value, and contrast are exploited to achieve various color relationships.<\/p>\n<p>The traditional (analog) color wheel utilizes the RYB (red-yellow-blue) color model. In this subtractive color model, red, yellow, and blue are the primary hues (what we think of as colors), which can be mixed together to create any other color within the color wheel. Opposite colors on the wheel are called complementary, while analogous colors sit side-by-side on the wheel. When the primaries are mixed together in the subtractive system, the resulting product is black. In the digital spectrum, the RGB (red-green-blue) additive color system is used on television screens and computer monitors. Colored light is mixed to create hue and value with red, green and blue as the primary colors. When the primary colors in the RGB model are mixed together, the result is white.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-836\" style=\"width: 370px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-836\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2017\/06\/ch5fig1.jpg\" alt=\"Color wheel 1\" width=\"370\" height=\"365\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2017\/06\/ch5fig1.jpg 370w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2017\/06\/ch5fig1-300x296.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2017\/06\/ch5fig1-65x64.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2017\/06\/ch5fig1-225x222.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2017\/06\/ch5fig1-350x345.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Color wheel 1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) color model is another digital spectrum that is specific to the print industry. Artists and designers often create high volumes of printed media using the CMYK color model to synchronize the digital file with the four corresponding printing plates. This system is also subtractive, even though it is utilized in a digital environment, so mixing equal parts of cyan, magenta, yellow and black produces black. The CMYK color mode enables digital producers to access Pantone\u00ae colors, a set of industry specific colors that are made to render a clear translation between the color that is presented on the screen and the color that will result from the printer&#8217;s equipment.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-836\" style=\"width: 419px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-676 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig2-1.jpg\" alt=\"Color Wheel 2\" width=\"419\" height=\"370\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Color Wheel 2<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-836\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-677 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig3-1.jpg\" alt=\"Color wheel 3\" width=\"400\" height=\"396\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Color wheel 3. Farbkreis, Johannes Itten, 1921. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Farbkreis_Itten_1961.png\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Farbkreis_Itten_1961.png<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-836\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-678\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig4-1.png\" alt=\"Color Wheel 4\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Color Wheel 4, RGB Color Wheel <a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Additive_RGB_Circles-48bpp.png\">\u00a0http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Additive_RGB_Circles-48bpp.png<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Vocabulary<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hue is color (e.g. red, blue, green, yellow)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Intensity, Saturation, Chroma and Brilliance all refer to how much pigment is in a color, which translates to how vivid a color appears.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Value is measured by how much white or black is mixed with a hue, or, it can be registered as the grayscale equivalent of a color.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Shades are a hue mixed with black.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tints are a hue mixed with white.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Analogous colors are adjacent on the color wheel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-679\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig5-1.jpg\" alt=\"Homage to the Square, Joseph Albers, 1950 - 1975\" width=\"400\" height=\"244\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Homage to the Square, Joseph Albers, 1950 &#8211; 1975. Analogous colors are demonstrated on this stamp, featuring one of Albers&#8217; homages. Albers began working on this series in 1950 and made thousands of works addressing the square over the course of twenty-five years.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/digitalfoundations\/2229001663\/\">\u00a0https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/digitalfoundations\/2229001663\/<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Complementary colors directly oppose each other on the color wheel.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-836\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-680\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig6-1.jpg\" alt=\"Jahre Deutscher Werkbund, stamp\" width=\"400\" height=\"403\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jahre Deutscher Werkbund, stamp, Germany. Complementary colors are utilized in this stamp celebrating Jahre Deutscher Werkbund.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:100_Jahre_Deutscher_Werkbund_-_Postwertzeichen.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:100_Jahre_Deutscher_Werkbund_-_Postwertzeichen.jpg<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-836\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-681\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig7-1.jpg\" alt=\"Sunflowers, Vincent Van Gogh, 1888\" width=\"400\" height=\"519\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sunflowers, Vincent Van Gogh, 1888, oil on canvas. Analogous colors are used to in Van Gogh&#8217;s sunflowers to create color harmony.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Vincent_Van_Gogh_0010.jpg\">http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Image:Vincent_Van_Gogh_0010.jpg<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_836\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-836\" style=\"width: 400px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-682 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1096\/2020\/08\/ch5fig8-1.jpg\" alt=\"Portr\u00e4t der Frau Manet auf blauem Sofa, Edouard Manet, 1880\" width=\"400\" height=\"334\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-836\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Portr\u00e4t der Frau Manet auf blauem Sofa, Edouard Manet, 1880, oil on canvas. Complementary colors are used in Manet&#8217;s painting to create contrast between the blue couch and woman in the foreground and the orange wall in the background.<a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Edouard_Manet_042.jpg\">\u00a0https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Edouard_Manet_042.jpg<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"parent":0,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"pb_part_invisible":false,"pb_part_invisible_string":""},"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-844","part","type-part","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/844","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/part"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/844\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1387,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/844\/revisions\/1387"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=844"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=844"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/designandproductionforpr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=844"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}