{"id":580,"date":"2021-02-20T16:53:37","date_gmt":"2021-02-20T21:53:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=580"},"modified":"2021-02-26T15:03:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-26T20:03:00","slug":"exercise-5-5-coiling-chambering-sample-set-5","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/chapter\/exercise-5-5-coiling-chambering-sample-set-5\/","title":{"raw":"Exercise 5.5. Coiling &amp; Chambering (Sample Set 5)","rendered":"Exercise 5.5. Coiling &amp; Chambering (Sample Set 5)"},"content":{"raw":"Some shells are coiled while others are straight. The shape and nature of the coiling can be a defining characteristic to help distinguish between different types of organisms:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Planispiral<\/strong>: Each coil within the shell is in the same plane, looking like a flattened spiral.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Conispiral<\/strong>: Each successive coil is not in the same plane as the prior coil, creating a cone shape.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nShells are vulnerable to mechanical breakage (e.g. by being tossed around on a beach) and to predators who may try to bite through a shell. The more <strong>crenulated<\/strong> (like corrugated cardboard) the shell, the stronger it is. Flat shells of the same thickness are weaker. Think of the increased \u201cdipping strength\u201d of a ripple potato chip over a regular flat potato chip.\r\n\r\nThe inside of a coiled shell may be separated into individual chambers by the same material as the outside shell. Chamber separations act as internal reinforcement for the shell. The more crenulated the chamber separations, the stronger the shell will be. Chambers may also be used to hold gas used for buoyancy compensation where a shell is heavier than the organisms living within it. Holding gas inside the shell prevents a swimming animal from having to exert energy to continually swim upwards to not sink.\r\n<h1>What To Do<\/h1>\r\nInspect the fossil specimens in Sample Set 5 (images available below), paying special attention to the features you are asked to examine. Answer questions (a) to (g) as you work through Sample Set 5.\r\n\r\nNote: If the image slide-decks fail to load, click the sample title to open the slide deck in a new window.\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>If you are doing this lab in person, pay special attention to the handling directions for each sample.<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\r\n<h1>Sample Set 5 &amp; Questions<\/h1>\r\n<h3>A. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=60\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 121-38<\/a>: Cephalopod (Ammonite)- Whole<\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>Sample 121-38 can be picked up but please handle with care.<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"60\"]\r\n<h3>B. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=61\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 121-51<\/a>: Cephalopod (Ammonite)- Cut in half<\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>Sample 121-51 can be picked up but please handle with care.<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"61\"]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Questions a-d<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\na.\u00a0\u00a0 What form of coiling does this organism display?\r\n\r\nb.\u00a0\u00a0 What kind of symmetry does Sample 121-38 exhibit?\r\n\r\nc.\u00a0\u00a0 Examine Sample 121-51. Notice the individual chambers. The ammonite animal lived inside the last chamber (it has broken off in this specimen). As the animal grew, it added a larger chambers. What were the old chambers used for?\r\n\r\nd.\u00a0 In Sample 121-51, what method of preservation is helping to preserve the inner parts of the coil?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3>C. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=62\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 1<\/a>: Gastropod (Snail)<\/h3>\r\n<span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>Sample 1 can be picked up but please handle with care.<\/strong><\/span>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"62\"]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Questions e &amp; f<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\ne.\u00a0\u00a0 What kind of coiling is this?\r\n\r\nf.\u00a0\u00a0 You cannot see it, but the interior is a continuous and unchambered spiral from end to end. If the same animal was living in a straight shell, which would be stronger and why?\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3>D. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=63\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 121-3<\/a>: Straight Cephalopod (Nautiloid)<\/h3>\r\n<strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">Please do not handle Sample 121-3<\/span>\r\n<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"63\"]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Question g<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">g.\u00a0\u00a0 This specimen is not a coiling shell, but notice that it has chambers. What purpose could chambering have for long straight shells?<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<p>Some shells are coiled while others are straight. The shape and nature of the coiling can be a defining characteristic to help distinguish between different types of organisms:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Planispiral<\/strong>: Each coil within the shell is in the same plane, looking like a flattened spiral.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Conispiral<\/strong>: Each successive coil is not in the same plane as the prior coil, creating a cone shape.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Shells are vulnerable to mechanical breakage (e.g. by being tossed around on a beach) and to predators who may try to bite through a shell. The more <strong>crenulated<\/strong> (like corrugated cardboard) the shell, the stronger it is. Flat shells of the same thickness are weaker. Think of the increased \u201cdipping strength\u201d of a ripple potato chip over a regular flat potato chip.<\/p>\n<p>The inside of a coiled shell may be separated into individual chambers by the same material as the outside shell. Chamber separations act as internal reinforcement for the shell. The more crenulated the chamber separations, the stronger the shell will be. Chambers may also be used to hold gas used for buoyancy compensation where a shell is heavier than the organisms living within it. Holding gas inside the shell prevents a swimming animal from having to exert energy to continually swim upwards to not sink.<\/p>\n<h1>What To Do<\/h1>\n<p>Inspect the fossil specimens in Sample Set 5 (images available below), paying special attention to the features you are asked to examine. Answer questions (a) to (g) as you work through Sample Set 5.<\/p>\n<p>Note: If the image slide-decks fail to load, click the sample title to open the slide deck in a new window.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\"><span style=\"color: #800000\"><strong>If you are doing this lab in person, pay special attention to the handling directions for each sample.<\/strong><\/span><\/div>\n<h1>Sample Set 5 &amp; Questions<\/h1>\n<h3>A. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=60\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 121-38<\/a>: Cephalopod (Ammonite)- Whole<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>Sample 121-38 can be picked up but please handle with care.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-60\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-60\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"60\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"121-38\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>B. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=61\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 121-51<\/a>: Cephalopod (Ammonite)- Cut in half<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>Sample 121-51 can be picked up but please handle with care.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-61\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-61\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"61\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"121-51\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Questions a-d<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>a.\u00a0\u00a0 What form of coiling does this organism display?<\/p>\n<p>b.\u00a0\u00a0 What kind of symmetry does Sample 121-38 exhibit?<\/p>\n<p>c.\u00a0\u00a0 Examine Sample 121-51. Notice the individual chambers. The ammonite animal lived inside the last chamber (it has broken off in this specimen). As the animal grew, it added a larger chambers. What were the old chambers used for?<\/p>\n<p>d.\u00a0 In Sample 121-51, what method of preservation is helping to preserve the inner parts of the coil?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>C. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=62\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 1<\/a>: Gastropod (Snail)<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>Sample 1 can be picked up but please handle with care.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-62\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-62\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"62\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Questions e &amp; f<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>e.\u00a0\u00a0 What kind of coiling is this?<\/p>\n<p>f.\u00a0\u00a0 You cannot see it, but the interior is a continuous and unchambered spiral from end to end. If the same animal was living in a straight shell, which would be stronger and why?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>D. <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=h5p_embed&amp;id=63\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sample 121-3<\/a>: Straight Cephalopod (Nautiloid)<\/h3>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000\">Please do not handle Sample 121-3<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-63\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-63\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"63\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"121-3\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Question g<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">g.\u00a0\u00a0 This specimen is not a coiling shell, but notice that it has chambers. What purpose could chambering have for long straight shells?<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1019,"menu_order":7,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-580","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":165,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/580","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1019"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/580\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":582,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/580\/revisions\/582"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/165"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/580\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=580"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=580"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=580"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/earthhistorylab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=580"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}