{"id":235,"date":"2019-05-30T18:20:22","date_gmt":"2019-05-30T22:20:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=235"},"modified":"2022-04-09T18:31:01","modified_gmt":"2022-04-09T22:31:01","slug":"draft-research-paper","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/chapter\/draft-research-paper\/","title":{"raw":"Biohacking","rendered":"Biohacking"},"content":{"raw":"<h1>Research Project Details<\/h1>\r\nAs part of the course Jennifer Kirkey took at Douglas College in New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada in 2019, a research project was done. Of the topics, Implanting Electronics into the Human Body was the one chosen.\u00a0 She had to take a \"pro\" or a \"con\" position.\u00a0 In her opinion \"pro\" is easy but \"con\" is more fun to do and to debate so most of the research presented here is for the \"con\" side of the argument.\u00a0 She will gladly sit down and debate either side of the issue with you.\r\n<h2>Purpose<\/h2>\r\nThe purpose of the final research project was to examine the Engineering profession and its relationship with society.\u00a0 The idea as to research something using the following insights:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Design<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Scientists versus Engineers<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The history of the Engineering profession<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sustainability<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Engineering and the environment<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Engineering and the betterment of the Human Condition<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Advancements in Technology<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThis project was an in-depth research study of Engineering issues that humanity is currently facing. The findings were submitted in the form of a research report and maybe an in-class presentation. The expectation of this project was to formulate an argumentative research paper on one of the topics. The research had to identify critical historical discoveries, document the progression of key milestones up to today and the future outlook.\u00a0 The research will also include details of the role of the engineering society, the engineering and ethical issues that were encountered, as well as any pertinent policies and regulations that were developed.\r\n<h2>Project Details<\/h2>\r\nBiohacking or 'Do-It-Yourself Biology', describes the process of making changes to your lifestyle in an attempt to alter the body's natural biology and improve the way you feel. [1,2].\u00a0 The term biohacking has been traced to the late 1980's, but is biohacking a fad, or is its roots traced deeper in the realm of chemical and biological engineering? While the term biohacking has been linked to simple principles of lifestyle changes such as eliminating sugar in your diet, the expectation of this research paper is to dig deeper into large laboratory scale, big budget biohacking, based on the following topics:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>The Use of Anabolic Steroids in Professional Sports.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Manipulating and Customizing DNA.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Implanting Electronics into the Human Body.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nReferences\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/draxe.com\/what-is-biohacking\/\">https:\/\/draxe.com\/what-is-biohacking\/<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Do-it-yourself_biology\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Do-it-yourself_biology<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1>Biohacking Research Results<\/h1>\r\nA lot of my information comes from, or at least starts, at CBC Spark.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark<\/a>\r\n\r\nAs it says on their website \"Spark is an ongoing conversation about our rapidly changing world... host Nora Young explores how technology, innovation and design affects our lives.\"\u00a0 It is one of my favourite radio shows and I make sure to listen it to every week.\r\n<h1>Biohacking article from CBC Spark April 12 2012<\/h1>\r\nBiophysics professor Andrew Pelling of the University of Ottawa is working to create designer organs that could communicate via Twitter. April 12 2012\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/player\/play\/2247601568\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/player\/play\/2247601568<\/a>\r\n<h1>Biohacking article from CBC Spark May 13 2012<\/h1>\r\n\"A few weeks ago on Spark, we heard how scientists at the University of Ottawa were working to create designer organs (the kind in our bodies!) that could communicate via Twitter. This kind of bio-tinkering seems an awful lot like what's going on in the DIY-bio movement. Yes, Do-it-yourself bio-hackers do exist, and they say if you're an actual scientist, you can't be in the club.\"\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/bio-hacking-1.1734292\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/bio-hacking-1.1734292<\/a>\r\n<h1>Biohacking article from December 1 2018 - Swedes with RFID implanted under their skin<\/h1>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/416-1.4927730\/sweden-s-digital-culture-is-making-implanted-microchips-more-common-1.4927740\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/416-1.4927730\/sweden-s-digital-culture-is-making-implanted-microchips-more-common-1.4927740<\/a>\r\n\r\nIn Sweden, electronic devices implanted under the skin are becoming more common and useful for everyday things. The devices, which use RFID (radio frequency identification) technology similar to what allows key fobs or debit cards to be tapped, have been implanted into 4,000 Swedes, 700 having been done in the first 6 months of 2018.\r\n<div>Per S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m is a consultant and biohacker in Sweden, who is able to use his device to enter his office and gym in Stockholm. He can even buy snacks at vending machines. Last year, Staten J\u00e4rnsv\u00e4ger (SJ), the state owned railway,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/travel\/news-and-advice\/sj-rail-train-tickets-hand-implant-microchip-biometric-sweden-a7793641.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">began allowing customers to confirm their tickets through their implanted chips<\/a>.<\/div>\r\n\"Stuff we use daily that have chips in them, could be a chip that's under your skin,\" Soderstrom said, speaking to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/spark\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spark<\/a>\u00a0host Nora Young\r\n<h1>Biohacking article from CBC Spark March 24, 2019<\/h1>\r\nExploring Silicon Valley's obsession with longevity and bio-hacking\r\n\r\nCBC Spark asks if there is a problem with Silicon Valley's obsession with agelessness and living forever.\u00a0 The interview is focused on\u00a0James Strole who states that he \"plans to live forever\".\u00a0 At the biological age of 70, he has spent his entire life trying to find a cure for aging, and ultimately death, optimizing his body through techniques like cleanses, fasts, blood transfusions and even skin patches that claim to help reverse aging at a cellular level.\u00a0 In the interview he states \"Let's put it this way: I'd do anything that I feel safe with.\"\r\n\r\nStrole, who appears lean and energetic and sports a full head of greyish-white hair, is the director of the Coalition for Radical Life Extension, an organization that brings together scientists, entrepreneurs and enthusiasts who are passionate about physical immortality. Their overall aim, Strole said, is to conquer aging and eventually death.\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/spark-431-1.5058858\/from-extreme-fasting-to-radical-life-extension-the-dark-side-of-body-optimization-1.5058860\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/spark-431-1.5058858\/from-extreme-fasting-to-radical-life-extension-the-dark-side-of-body-optimization-1.5058860<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nIn that episode two things really stood out for me, in context of this research paper.\r\n\r\nArwa Mahdawi\u00a0said she also spoke to people who consider themselves \"biohackers,\" which are those who measure certain markers in their bodies and experiment on themselves using various techniques with the goal of optimizing their health.\r\n\r\n\"Some of them will go and they'll get special glucose implants in their skin, so they can test their glucose, and that's something that diabetics normally have,\" Mahdawi explained. \"These people are not diabetics. They just want to check.\"\r\n\r\nThese behaviours, Mahdawi said, are troubling.\u00a0\"They are basically treating themselves like computers: If I don't eat, how does my blood sugar react? If I eat this, how \u2026\u00a0did my metabolic markers change? And that degree of obsession, really, I think can be quite problematic.\"\r\n\r\n<strong>Unintended consequences<\/strong>\r\n\r\nJames Horton, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Bath, has also written about the dark side of this obsession with body optimization and longevity.\r\n\r\nIn his article<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/silicon-valleys-quest-for-immortality-and-its-worrying-sacrifices-101405\">\u00a0\"Silicon Valley's quest for immortality \u2013 and its worrying sacrifices\"<\/a>,\u00a0he argues that there is a real danger to some of these practices that certain tech companies are touting.\r\n\r\n\"Some are great,\" Horton said. \"They're basically just encouraging us to live healthy lives and you know, if that brings us extra longevity and lifespan, health span, that's fantastic.\"\r\n<h1>Legislation -\u00a0 2019 - Nevada USA bill would outlaw electric microchips<\/h1>\r\nThe disastrous Nevada bill that would outlaw elective microchip implants (AB226) shows that some policymakers simply do not understand augmentative technology and the importance of bodily autonomy.\r\n\r\nAt the invitation of State Senator Melanie Scheible (who has been absolutely amazing throughout this process), we're going to hold a Cyborg &amp; Transhumanist Forum at the Nevada State Capitol to educate policymakers, staffers, the media, and the public on these technologies and topic<span class=\"text_exposed_show\">s. We'd love to see you there if you're able to make it! If not, we hope you'll share this with anyone who may be able to attend and support. If you're interested in participating in this event in any official capacity, please get in touch!<\/span>\r\n<div class=\"text_exposed_show\">\r\n\r\nFacebook event on May 15 2019\u00a0 :\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/911340172531413\/?acontext=%7B%22source%22%3A3%2C%22source_newsfeed_story_type%22%3A%22regular%22%2C%22action_history%22%3A%22%5B%7B%5C%22surface%5C%22%3A%5C%22newsfeed%5C%22%2C%5C%22mechanism%5C%22%3A%5C%22feed_story%5C%22%2C%5C%22extra_data%5C%22%3A%5B%5D%7D%5D%22%2C%22has_source%22%3Atrue%7D&amp;source=3&amp;source_newsfeed_story_type=regular&amp;action_history=%5B%7B%22surface%22%3A%22newsfeed%22%2C%22mechanism%22%3A%22feed_story%22%2C%22extra_data%22%3A%5B%5D%7D%5D&amp;has_source=1&amp;__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARDUu4ufpjgxc9bpsNAuwaVpkWSa9EVbIDQJyXNJ1d2ozqlQuK_vLeHVk3b-f0loOtTDPnHb_iwL81HP&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/event.php?id=911340172531413&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22source%22%3A3%2C%22source_newsfeed_story_type%22%3A%22regular%22%2C%22action_history%22%3A%22%5B%7B%5C%22surface%5C%22%3A%5C%22newsfeed%5C%22%2C%5C%22mechanism%5C%22%3A%5C%22feed_story%5C%22%2C%5C%22extra_data%5C%22%3A%5B%5D%7D%5D%22%2C%22has_source%22%3Atrue%2C%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARDUu4ufpjgxc9bpsNAuwaVpkWSa9EVbIDQJyXNJ1d2ozqlQuK_vLeHVk3b-f0loOtTDPnHb_iwL81HP%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/911340172531413\/<\/a>Event organized by the\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/USTranshumanistParty\/?__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARC9VCIQ79wbeYZLHJUuK1RJmNZnCvPwWCaFKHoe1HU0sN2T5pDfSQSNq-szLu41Qz-66RF3AvwAbN2h&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/page.php?id=1708587842792673&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARC9VCIQ79wbeYZLHJUuK1RJmNZnCvPwWCaFKHoe1HU0sN2T5pDfSQSNq-szLu41Qz-66RF3AvwAbN2h%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">U.S. Transhumanist Party<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/futuregrindpodcast\/?__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARBZNE1gOe_8e8-VJI93nJuX5gHxe60p06LK-LrDLSvg9yoV4ZE50R0-du9N0H7eJVo970tPY6Q1mP_4&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/page.php?id=862114027213965&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARBZNE1gOe_8e8-VJI93nJuX5gHxe60p06LK-LrDLSvg9yoV4ZE50R0-du9N0H7eJVo970tPY6Q1mP_4%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">Future Grind<\/a>, &amp;\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AnastasiaSynns\/?__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARDhBxFOn_ngFub5YyFY4Q49V96PEdHu1c3d__13fQxBA5kcPyvq01WCTj-uRmvmJFJnhLPb8roe7itd&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/page.php?id=285459258845&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARDhBxFOn_ngFub5YyFY4Q49V96PEdHu1c3d__13fQxBA5kcPyvq01WCTj-uRmvmJFJnhLPb8roe7itd%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">Anastasia Synn<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Grindhouse Wetware<\/h1>\r\nGrindhouse Wetwares was founded January 2012, by what was then a rag tag group of programmers, engineers, and\u00a0enthusiasts, according to their web page.\u00a0 In the short five months that followed, Grindhouse evolved from a group of highly driven individuals on the biohack.me forums, to a dedicated team working towards a common goal - augmenting humanity using safe, affordable, open source technology. All hardware can be purchased from the Grindhouse website, and all schematics for our implants and cyberware are open source. \"What would you like to be today?\"\r\n\r\nHere is a short video from their YouTube channel.\u00a0 Here is an update on this implanted red LEDs Northstar from April 2019.\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/-ele8GwiykA\r\n<h1>Canadian Health Regulations<\/h1>\r\nIn Canada, The Therapeutic Products Directorate (TPD) applies the Food and Drug Regulations and the Medical Devices Regulations under the authority of the Food and Drugs Act to ensure that the pharmaceutical drugs and medical devices offered for sale in Canada are safe, effective and of high quality. The TPD also administers fee regulations for drugs and medical devices under the authority of the Financial Administration Act. All Federal Acts and associated Regulations are available on the\u00a0<a title=\"Justice Canada (external link)\" href=\"http:\/\/laws-lois.justice.gc.ca\/eng\/\">Justice Canada<\/a>\u00a0Web site.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/legislation-guidelines.html\">https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/legislation-guidelines.html<\/a>\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/licences\/medical-devices-active-licence-listing.html\">https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/licences\/medical-devices-active-licence-listing.html<\/a>\r\n\r\nThe same evidence requirements apply to 3D printed devices as those for non-3D printed devices in terms of their characterization and evidence of safety and effectiveness, including physical and mechanical bench testing, biocompatibility testing, software validation and clinical evidence.\r\n\r\nAs part of the evidence to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of a Class III or IV 3D printed device, manufacturers should submit the additional information outlined in this guidance document with their application. Failure to submit the additional information with an application could result in a request for additional information under subsection 35(1) of the Regulations at any time during the review (i.e., during either the screening or review phase).\r\n\r\nIn keeping with international standards, the guidance document adopts definitions developed by the International Medical Device Regulators Forum (IMDRF) with respect to Definitions for Personalized Medical Devices.\r\n\r\nHealthcare facilities which manufacture 3D printed implantable medical devices under their own name and distribute them outside of their own corporate entity, qualify as a manufacturer, and will be subject to all the requirements of the Regulations.\r\n\r\nFootnote Reference:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/application-information\/guidance-documents\/3d-licensing-requirements\/document.html\">https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/application-information\/guidance-documents\/3d-licensing-requirements\/document.html<\/a>\r\n<h1>CTV Canadian article about implants from 2016<\/h1>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/sci-tech\/biohacking-how-a-tiny-implant-can-unlock-doors-with-the-wave-of-a-hand-1.2913912\">https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/sci-tech\/biohacking-how-a-tiny-implant-can-unlock-doors-with-the-wave-of-a-hand-1.2913912<\/a>\r\n\r\n\"Anywhere from 10,000 to 20,000 people across the globe are estimated to have the RFID implants in their hands, according to Amal Graafstra, who owns a U.S. company that sells the chips.\"\r\n<h2><strong>Medicine vs. convenience<\/strong><\/h2>\r\nBack at the doctor\u2019s office, Landy points out that technologies similar to the RFID chip have become part of many doctors\u2019 21st century \u201ctool kit.\u201d For instance, cardiologists can now use tiny implants placed near a patient\u2019s heart to detect heartbeat abnormalities and relay them back to a doctor using radio frequencies.\r\n\r\n\u201cSo these things exist both for convenience and for what I\u2019ll call conventional medical application,\u201d Landy said. \u201cAnd I\u2019m sure the berth between those things is going to be growing smaller as time goes by.\u201d\r\n\r\nStill, Landy insisted that getting a non-medical implant outside a medical environment \u201cdoes not strike me as a safe idea.\u201d\r\n<h1>Dangerous Things Company<\/h1>\r\nAs they say on their web site \"We\u2019ve been working with human implant technology since 2005, and we\u2019re happy to help with your upgrade.\"\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/dangerousthings.com\">https:\/\/dangerousthings.com<\/a>\r\n<h1>Canadian regulations on the frequency used for medical and non-medical implants<\/h1>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/smt-gst.nsf\/eng\/sf09826.html\">https:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/smt-gst.nsf\/eng\/sf09826.html<\/a>\r\n\r\nOne example of what can be found there is \" This device may not interfere with stations operating in the\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">400.150-406.000<\/span>\u00a0MHz band in the meteorological aids,\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">meteorological-satellite<\/span>, and earth\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">exploration-satellite<\/span>\u00a0services, and must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.\"\u00a0 \u00a0Another example is \"The maximum average e.i.r.p. for MICS transmitters is 25\u00a0microwatts.\"\r\n<h1>TED talk by David Eagleman on Can We Create New Senses for Humans?\"<\/h1>\r\nThe technology stuff starts at 5:00 minutes in and PH model = Potato Head model \"plug and play senses\" at 7 minutes in.\u00a0 10:40 in is where he talks about sensory substitution for the deaf which is what he does in the lab.\u00a0 17:38 \"we not longer have to wait for Mother Nature on her time scales.\"\u00a0 All of his stuff is wearable, but you can tell the next frontier is to embed.\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtu.be\/4c1lqFXHvqI\r\n<h1><span id=\"The_Future_Scope_and_Regulation_of_Implantable_Technologies\" class=\"mw-headline\">The Future Scope and Regulation of Implantable Technologies<\/span><\/h1>\r\nfrom Wikipedia\r\n\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg<\/a>\r\n\r\nGiven the technical scope of current and future implantable sensory\/telemetric devices, these devices will be greatly proliferated, and will have connections to commercial, medical, and governmental networks. For example, in the medical sector, patients will be able to login to their home computer, and thus visit virtual doctor\u2019s offices, medical databases, and receive medical prognoses from the comfort of their own home from the data collected through their implanted telemetric devices.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Carvalko2013_107-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg#cite_note-Carvalko2013-107\">[107]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0However, this online network presents huge security concerns because it has been proven by several U.S. universities that hackers could get onto these networks and shut down peoples\u2019 electronic prosthetics.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Carvalko2013_107-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg#cite_note-Carvalko2013-107\">[107]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0These sorts of technologies are already present in the U.S. workforce as a firm in River Falls, Wisconsin called Three Square Market partnered with a Swedish firm called Biohacks Technology to implant RFID microchips in the hands of its employees (which are about the size of a grain of rice) that allow employees to access offices, computers, and even vending machines. More than 50 of the firms 85 employees were chipped. It was confirmed that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved of these implantations.<sup id=\"cite_ref-108\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg#cite_note-108\">[108]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0If these devices are to be proliferated within society, then the question that begs to be answered is what regulatory agency will oversee the operations, monitoring, and security of these devices? According to this case study of Three Square Market, it seems that the FDA is assuming the role in regulating and monitoring these devices.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<h1>Research Project Details<\/h1>\n<p>As part of the course Jennifer Kirkey took at Douglas College in New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada in 2019, a research project was done. Of the topics, Implanting Electronics into the Human Body was the one chosen.\u00a0 She had to take a &#8220;pro&#8221; or a &#8220;con&#8221; position.\u00a0 In her opinion &#8220;pro&#8221; is easy but &#8220;con&#8221; is more fun to do and to debate so most of the research presented here is for the &#8220;con&#8221; side of the argument.\u00a0 She will gladly sit down and debate either side of the issue with you.<\/p>\n<h2>Purpose<\/h2>\n<p>The purpose of the final research project was to examine the Engineering profession and its relationship with society.\u00a0 The idea as to research something using the following insights:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Design<\/li>\n<li>Scientists versus Engineers<\/li>\n<li>The history of the Engineering profession<\/li>\n<li>Sustainability<\/li>\n<li>Engineering and the environment<\/li>\n<li>Engineering and the betterment of the Human Condition<\/li>\n<li>Advancements in Technology<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This project was an in-depth research study of Engineering issues that humanity is currently facing. The findings were submitted in the form of a research report and maybe an in-class presentation. The expectation of this project was to formulate an argumentative research paper on one of the topics. The research had to identify critical historical discoveries, document the progression of key milestones up to today and the future outlook.\u00a0 The research will also include details of the role of the engineering society, the engineering and ethical issues that were encountered, as well as any pertinent policies and regulations that were developed.<\/p>\n<h2>Project Details<\/h2>\n<p>Biohacking or &#8216;Do-It-Yourself Biology&#8217;, describes the process of making changes to your lifestyle in an attempt to alter the body&#8217;s natural biology and improve the way you feel. [1,2].\u00a0 The term biohacking has been traced to the late 1980&#8217;s, but is biohacking a fad, or is its roots traced deeper in the realm of chemical and biological engineering? While the term biohacking has been linked to simple principles of lifestyle changes such as eliminating sugar in your diet, the expectation of this research paper is to dig deeper into large laboratory scale, big budget biohacking, based on the following topics:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The Use of Anabolic Steroids in Professional Sports.<\/li>\n<li>Manipulating and Customizing DNA.<\/li>\n<li>Implanting Electronics into the Human Body.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>References<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/draxe.com\/what-is-biohacking\/\">https:\/\/draxe.com\/what-is-biohacking\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Do-it-yourself_biology\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Do-it-yourself_biology<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Biohacking Research Results<\/h1>\n<p>A lot of my information comes from, or at least starts, at CBC Spark.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark<\/a><\/p>\n<p>As it says on their website &#8220;Spark is an ongoing conversation about our rapidly changing world&#8230; host Nora Young explores how technology, innovation and design affects our lives.&#8221;\u00a0 It is one of my favourite radio shows and I make sure to listen it to every week.<\/p>\n<h1>Biohacking article from CBC Spark April 12 2012<\/h1>\n<p>Biophysics professor Andrew Pelling of the University of Ottawa is working to create designer organs that could communicate via Twitter. April 12 2012<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/player\/play\/2247601568\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/player\/play\/2247601568<\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Biohacking article from CBC Spark May 13 2012<\/h1>\n<p>&#8220;A few weeks ago on Spark, we heard how scientists at the University of Ottawa were working to create designer organs (the kind in our bodies!) that could communicate via Twitter. This kind of bio-tinkering seems an awful lot like what&#8217;s going on in the DIY-bio movement. Yes, Do-it-yourself bio-hackers do exist, and they say if you&#8217;re an actual scientist, you can&#8217;t be in the club.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/bio-hacking-1.1734292\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/bio-hacking-1.1734292<\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Biohacking article from December 1 2018 &#8211; Swedes with RFID implanted under their skin<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/416-1.4927730\/sweden-s-digital-culture-is-making-implanted-microchips-more-common-1.4927740\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/416-1.4927730\/sweden-s-digital-culture-is-making-implanted-microchips-more-common-1.4927740<\/a><\/p>\n<p>In Sweden, electronic devices implanted under the skin are becoming more common and useful for everyday things. The devices, which use RFID (radio frequency identification) technology similar to what allows key fobs or debit cards to be tapped, have been implanted into 4,000 Swedes, 700 having been done in the first 6 months of 2018.<\/p>\n<div>Per S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m is a consultant and biohacker in Sweden, who is able to use his device to enter his office and gym in Stockholm. He can even buy snacks at vending machines. Last year, Staten J\u00e4rnsv\u00e4ger (SJ), the state owned railway,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/travel\/news-and-advice\/sj-rail-train-tickets-hand-implant-microchip-biometric-sweden-a7793641.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">began allowing customers to confirm their tickets through their implanted chips<\/a>.<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;Stuff we use daily that have chips in them, could be a chip that&#8217;s under your skin,&#8221; Soderstrom said, speaking to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/spark\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Spark<\/a>\u00a0host Nora Young<\/p>\n<h1>Biohacking article from CBC Spark March 24, 2019<\/h1>\n<p>Exploring Silicon Valley&#8217;s obsession with longevity and bio-hacking<\/p>\n<p>CBC Spark asks if there is a problem with Silicon Valley&#8217;s obsession with agelessness and living forever.\u00a0 The interview is focused on\u00a0James Strole who states that he &#8220;plans to live forever&#8221;.\u00a0 At the biological age of 70, he has spent his entire life trying to find a cure for aging, and ultimately death, optimizing his body through techniques like cleanses, fasts, blood transfusions and even skin patches that claim to help reverse aging at a cellular level.\u00a0 In the interview he states &#8220;Let&#8217;s put it this way: I&#8217;d do anything that I feel safe with.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Strole, who appears lean and energetic and sports a full head of greyish-white hair, is the director of the Coalition for Radical Life Extension, an organization that brings together scientists, entrepreneurs and enthusiasts who are passionate about physical immortality. Their overall aim, Strole said, is to conquer aging and eventually death.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/spark-431-1.5058858\/from-extreme-fasting-to-radical-life-extension-the-dark-side-of-body-optimization-1.5058860\">https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/spark\/spark-431-1.5058858\/from-extreme-fasting-to-radical-life-extension-the-dark-side-of-body-optimization-1.5058860<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>In that episode two things really stood out for me, in context of this research paper.<\/p>\n<p>Arwa Mahdawi\u00a0said she also spoke to people who consider themselves &#8220;biohackers,&#8221; which are those who measure certain markers in their bodies and experiment on themselves using various techniques with the goal of optimizing their health.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Some of them will go and they&#8217;ll get special glucose implants in their skin, so they can test their glucose, and that&#8217;s something that diabetics normally have,&#8221; Mahdawi explained. &#8220;These people are not diabetics. They just want to check.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>These behaviours, Mahdawi said, are troubling.\u00a0&#8220;They are basically treating themselves like computers: If I don&#8217;t eat, how does my blood sugar react? If I eat this, how \u2026\u00a0did my metabolic markers change? And that degree of obsession, really, I think can be quite problematic.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Unintended consequences<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>James Horton, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Bath, has also written about the dark side of this obsession with body optimization and longevity.<\/p>\n<p>In his article<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/silicon-valleys-quest-for-immortality-and-its-worrying-sacrifices-101405\">\u00a0&#8220;Silicon Valley&#8217;s quest for immortality \u2013 and its worrying sacrifices&#8221;<\/a>,\u00a0he argues that there is a real danger to some of these practices that certain tech companies are touting.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Some are great,&#8221; Horton said. &#8220;They&#8217;re basically just encouraging us to live healthy lives and you know, if that brings us extra longevity and lifespan, health span, that&#8217;s fantastic.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h1>Legislation &#8211;\u00a0 2019 &#8211; Nevada USA bill would outlaw electric microchips<\/h1>\n<p>The disastrous Nevada bill that would outlaw elective microchip implants (AB226) shows that some policymakers simply do not understand augmentative technology and the importance of bodily autonomy.<\/p>\n<p>At the invitation of State Senator Melanie Scheible (who has been absolutely amazing throughout this process), we&#8217;re going to hold a Cyborg &amp; Transhumanist Forum at the Nevada State Capitol to educate policymakers, staffers, the media, and the public on these technologies and topic<span class=\"text_exposed_show\">s. We&#8217;d love to see you there if you&#8217;re able to make it! If not, we hope you&#8217;ll share this with anyone who may be able to attend and support. If you&#8217;re interested in participating in this event in any official capacity, please get in touch!<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"text_exposed_show\">\n<p>Facebook event on May 15 2019\u00a0 :\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/911340172531413\/?acontext=%7B%22source%22%3A3%2C%22source_newsfeed_story_type%22%3A%22regular%22%2C%22action_history%22%3A%22%5B%7B%5C%22surface%5C%22%3A%5C%22newsfeed%5C%22%2C%5C%22mechanism%5C%22%3A%5C%22feed_story%5C%22%2C%5C%22extra_data%5C%22%3A%5B%5D%7D%5D%22%2C%22has_source%22%3Atrue%7D&amp;source=3&amp;source_newsfeed_story_type=regular&amp;action_history=%5B%7B%22surface%22%3A%22newsfeed%22%2C%22mechanism%22%3A%22feed_story%22%2C%22extra_data%22%3A%5B%5D%7D%5D&amp;has_source=1&amp;__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARDUu4ufpjgxc9bpsNAuwaVpkWSa9EVbIDQJyXNJ1d2ozqlQuK_vLeHVk3b-f0loOtTDPnHb_iwL81HP&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/event.php?id=911340172531413&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22source%22%3A3%2C%22source_newsfeed_story_type%22%3A%22regular%22%2C%22action_history%22%3A%22%5B%7B%5C%22surface%5C%22%3A%5C%22newsfeed%5C%22%2C%5C%22mechanism%5C%22%3A%5C%22feed_story%5C%22%2C%5C%22extra_data%5C%22%3A%5B%5D%7D%5D%22%2C%22has_source%22%3Atrue%2C%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARDUu4ufpjgxc9bpsNAuwaVpkWSa9EVbIDQJyXNJ1d2ozqlQuK_vLeHVk3b-f0loOtTDPnHb_iwL81HP%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/events\/911340172531413\/<\/a>Event organized by the\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/USTranshumanistParty\/?__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARC9VCIQ79wbeYZLHJUuK1RJmNZnCvPwWCaFKHoe1HU0sN2T5pDfSQSNq-szLu41Qz-66RF3AvwAbN2h&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/page.php?id=1708587842792673&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARC9VCIQ79wbeYZLHJUuK1RJmNZnCvPwWCaFKHoe1HU0sN2T5pDfSQSNq-szLu41Qz-66RF3AvwAbN2h%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">U.S. Transhumanist Party<\/a>,\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/futuregrindpodcast\/?__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARBZNE1gOe_8e8-VJI93nJuX5gHxe60p06LK-LrDLSvg9yoV4ZE50R0-du9N0H7eJVo970tPY6Q1mP_4&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/page.php?id=862114027213965&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARBZNE1gOe_8e8-VJI93nJuX5gHxe60p06LK-LrDLSvg9yoV4ZE50R0-du9N0H7eJVo970tPY6Q1mP_4%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">Future Grind<\/a>, &amp;\u00a0<a class=\"profileLink\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/AnastasiaSynns\/?__tn__=K-R&amp;eid=ARDhBxFOn_ngFub5YyFY4Q49V96PEdHu1c3d__13fQxBA5kcPyvq01WCTj-uRmvmJFJnhLPb8roe7itd&amp;fref=mentions&amp;__xts__%5B0%5D=68.ARBMfkXhJQuSxpeuB1yvxZId8PKGBBWqAeCleOed-8Sfnz9s_mHfExQZzIvzqLML9NSt072pXuxWHxj5l2YmumhohapXziyr6n14gGg4BLBNlMosLGZ3O1MhpeP9gFdMiIrRpgTSd1LHR9JVYh19oBk3nKpwQ0YcnLYb1-gYyPr0ccxsN9glThHjGKQY_KEjGezlm3ZEqp8oHJsl1nzhbxBKO5OJu310Hz3otzRUQ-KYeoxEReg6CLUG3ZB9_rCK6ow1yaA2XxjqfLB66sACq7771QfXpsDCO-wTDHSXhF0rwBd8v7-KhwZV1EbhJrjsO6t5Y7a2t2Erx9mK4DKL_-0GCw\" data-hovercard=\"\/ajax\/hovercard\/page.php?id=285459258845&amp;extragetparams=%7B%22__tn__%22%3A%22%2CdK-R-R%22%2C%22eid%22%3A%22ARDhBxFOn_ngFub5YyFY4Q49V96PEdHu1c3d__13fQxBA5kcPyvq01WCTj-uRmvmJFJnhLPb8roe7itd%22%2C%22fref%22%3A%22mentions%22%7D\" data-hovercard-prefer-more-content-show=\"1\">Anastasia Synn<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Grindhouse Wetware<\/h1>\n<p>Grindhouse Wetwares was founded January 2012, by what was then a rag tag group of programmers, engineers, and\u00a0enthusiasts, according to their web page.\u00a0 In the short five months that followed, Grindhouse evolved from a group of highly driven individuals on the biohack.me forums, to a dedicated team working towards a common goal &#8211; augmenting humanity using safe, affordable, open source technology. All hardware can be purchased from the Grindhouse website, and all schematics for our implants and cyberware are open source. &#8220;What would you like to be today?&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Here is a short video from their YouTube channel.\u00a0 Here is an update on this implanted red LEDs Northstar from April 2019.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"Grindhouse Update - Northstar, Livestock Labs, Future Grind, &amp; more!\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-ele8GwiykA?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h1>Canadian Health Regulations<\/h1>\n<p>In Canada, The Therapeutic Products Directorate (TPD) applies the Food and Drug Regulations and the Medical Devices Regulations under the authority of the Food and Drugs Act to ensure that the pharmaceutical drugs and medical devices offered for sale in Canada are safe, effective and of high quality. The TPD also administers fee regulations for drugs and medical devices under the authority of the Financial Administration Act. All Federal Acts and associated Regulations are available on the\u00a0<a title=\"Justice Canada (external link)\" href=\"http:\/\/laws-lois.justice.gc.ca\/eng\/\">Justice Canada<\/a>\u00a0Web site.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/legislation-guidelines.html\">https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/legislation-guidelines.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/licences\/medical-devices-active-licence-listing.html\">https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/licences\/medical-devices-active-licence-listing.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The same evidence requirements apply to 3D printed devices as those for non-3D printed devices in terms of their characterization and evidence of safety and effectiveness, including physical and mechanical bench testing, biocompatibility testing, software validation and clinical evidence.<\/p>\n<p>As part of the evidence to demonstrate the safety and effectiveness of a Class III or IV 3D printed device, manufacturers should submit the additional information outlined in this guidance document with their application. Failure to submit the additional information with an application could result in a request for additional information under subsection 35(1) of the Regulations at any time during the review (i.e., during either the screening or review phase).<\/p>\n<p>In keeping with international standards, the guidance document adopts definitions developed by the International Medical Device Regulators Forum (IMDRF) with respect to Definitions for Personalized Medical Devices.<\/p>\n<p>Healthcare facilities which manufacture 3D printed implantable medical devices under their own name and distribute them outside of their own corporate entity, qualify as a manufacturer, and will be subject to all the requirements of the Regulations.<\/p>\n<p>Footnote Reference:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/application-information\/guidance-documents\/3d-licensing-requirements\/document.html\">https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-health-products\/medical-devices\/application-information\/guidance-documents\/3d-licensing-requirements\/document.html<\/a><\/p>\n<h1>CTV Canadian article about implants from 2016<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/sci-tech\/biohacking-how-a-tiny-implant-can-unlock-doors-with-the-wave-of-a-hand-1.2913912\">https:\/\/www.ctvnews.ca\/sci-tech\/biohacking-how-a-tiny-implant-can-unlock-doors-with-the-wave-of-a-hand-1.2913912<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Anywhere from 10,000 to 20,000 people across the globe are estimated to have the RFID implants in their hands, according to Amal Graafstra, who owns a U.S. company that sells the chips.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Medicine vs. convenience<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Back at the doctor\u2019s office, Landy points out that technologies similar to the RFID chip have become part of many doctors\u2019 21st century \u201ctool kit.\u201d For instance, cardiologists can now use tiny implants placed near a patient\u2019s heart to detect heartbeat abnormalities and relay them back to a doctor using radio frequencies.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSo these things exist both for convenience and for what I\u2019ll call conventional medical application,\u201d Landy said. \u201cAnd I\u2019m sure the berth between those things is going to be growing smaller as time goes by.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Still, Landy insisted that getting a non-medical implant outside a medical environment \u201cdoes not strike me as a safe idea.\u201d<\/p>\n<h1>Dangerous Things Company<\/h1>\n<p>As they say on their web site &#8220;We\u2019ve been working with human implant technology since 2005, and we\u2019re happy to help with your upgrade.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/dangerousthings.com\">https:\/\/dangerousthings.com<\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Canadian regulations on the frequency used for medical and non-medical implants<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/smt-gst.nsf\/eng\/sf09826.html\">https:\/\/www.ic.gc.ca\/eic\/site\/smt-gst.nsf\/eng\/sf09826.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>One example of what can be found there is &#8221; This device may not interfere with stations operating in the\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">400.150-406.000<\/span>\u00a0MHz band in the meteorological aids,\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">meteorological-satellite<\/span>, and earth\u00a0<span class=\"nowrap\">exploration-satellite<\/span>\u00a0services, and must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.&#8221;\u00a0 \u00a0Another example is &#8220;The maximum average e.i.r.p. for MICS transmitters is 25\u00a0microwatts.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h1>TED talk by David Eagleman on Can We Create New Senses for Humans?&#8221;<\/h1>\n<p>The technology stuff starts at 5:00 minutes in and PH model = Potato Head model &#8220;plug and play senses&#8221; at 7 minutes in.\u00a0 10:40 in is where he talks about sensory substitution for the deaf which is what he does in the lab.\u00a0 17:38 &#8220;we not longer have to wait for Mother Nature on her time scales.&#8221;\u00a0 All of his stuff is wearable, but you can tell the next frontier is to embed.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-2\" title=\"Can we create new senses for humans? | David Eagleman\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4c1lqFXHvqI?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h1><span id=\"The_Future_Scope_and_Regulation_of_Implantable_Technologies\" class=\"mw-headline\">The Future Scope and Regulation of Implantable Technologies<\/span><\/h1>\n<p>from Wikipedia<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Given the technical scope of current and future implantable sensory\/telemetric devices, these devices will be greatly proliferated, and will have connections to commercial, medical, and governmental networks. For example, in the medical sector, patients will be able to login to their home computer, and thus visit virtual doctor\u2019s offices, medical databases, and receive medical prognoses from the comfort of their own home from the data collected through their implanted telemetric devices.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Carvalko2013_107-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg#cite_note-Carvalko2013-107\">[107]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0However, this online network presents huge security concerns because it has been proven by several U.S. universities that hackers could get onto these networks and shut down peoples\u2019 electronic prosthetics.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Carvalko2013_107-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg#cite_note-Carvalko2013-107\">[107]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0These sorts of technologies are already present in the U.S. workforce as a firm in River Falls, Wisconsin called Three Square Market partnered with a Swedish firm called Biohacks Technology to implant RFID microchips in the hands of its employees (which are about the size of a grain of rice) that allow employees to access offices, computers, and even vending machines. More than 50 of the firms 85 employees were chipped. It was confirmed that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved of these implantations.<sup id=\"cite_ref-108\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cyborg#cite_note-108\">[108]<\/a><\/sup>\u00a0If these devices are to be proliferated within society, then the question that begs to be answered is what regulatory agency will oversee the operations, monitoring, and security of these devices? According to this case study of Three Square Market, it seems that the FDA is assuming the role in regulating and monitoring these devices.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-235","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":232,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/235\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":467,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/235\/revisions\/467"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/232"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/235\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=235"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=235"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringinsociety\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}