{"id":64,"date":"2021-02-04T14:26:16","date_gmt":"2021-02-04T19:26:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=64"},"modified":"2025-02-10T18:33:59","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T23:33:59","slug":"introduction-to-20-sim-software-tool","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/chapter\/introduction-to-20-sim-software-tool\/","title":{"raw":"Introduction to 20-sim Software Tool","rendered":"Introduction to 20-sim Software Tool"},"content":{"raw":"<div>\r\n<h1>5.1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Overview<a id=\"S5-1\"><\/a><\/h1>\r\nIn this chapter, we introduce the engineering software tool 20-sim, focusing on its BG modelling and simulation facilities. Originally developed in the Netherlands at the University of Twente and released in 1995, 20-sim was the first commercially released software package for bond graph modelling. 20-sim was further developed and currently is available through Controllab Products <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/back-matter\/references#R3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nAn advanced modelling and simulation software tool, 20-sim uses Microsoft Windows\u2122 operating system. 20-sim enables users to model the behaviour of systems, such as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, thermal, or a combination of these systems (i.e., multi-domain systems). Below is a list of 20-sim\u2019s modelling and simulation tools. The first four items in the list are the main tools:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>bond graph<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>block diagrams<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>iconic diagrams<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>equation models<\/strong><\/li>\r\n \t<li>3D animation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3D mechanics<\/li>\r\n \t<li>code generation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>controller design<\/li>\r\n \t<li>frequency and time domain<\/li>\r\n \t<li>multi-domain systems<\/li>\r\n \t<li>virtual reality: Unity Toolbox<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n20-sim allows users create models\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/features\/editor\/\">graphically<\/a>, similar to drawing an engineering sketch. With these models you can simulate and analyze the behaviour of single-domain and multi-domain dynamic systems and create control systems. One can even generate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/features\/code-generation\/\">C-code<\/a> and run this code on hardware for rapid prototyping and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation.\r\n\r\n20-sim has two main window interfaces: Editor and Simulator, shown in <a href=\"#F5-1\">Figure 5\u20111<\/a> and <a href=\"#F5-2\">Figure 5\u20112<\/a>, respectively. To open the Simulator window from the keyboard, select <strong>Ctrl + R<\/strong>. To open the Simulator window from the Editor window, choose <strong>Tools &gt; Simulator<\/strong>.<a id=\"F5-1\"><\/a><a id=\"F5-2\"><\/a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1141\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"588\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1141 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"316\" \/> Figure 5-1 20-sim Editor interface[\/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1142\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"405\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1142 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"405\" height=\"259\" \/> Figure 5-2 20-sim Simulator interface[\/caption]\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nAs described in the manual <em>Getting started with 20-sim 4.8<\/em>, the Editor consists of four parts:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Model tab\/Library tab: This is the part at the middle left. The Model tab shows the model hierarchy, i.e., the hierarchical composition (all the elements) of the model that is created in the Editor. The Library tab shows the 20-sim library.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Graphical Editor\/Equation Editor: This is the big white space, with or without grids, at the middle right. The Editor is used to create graphical models and enter equations.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Output tab\/Process tab\/Find tab: This is the part at the bottom right. The Output tab shows the files that are opened and stored. The Process tab shows the compiler messages. The Find tab shows the search results.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Interface tab\/Icon tab: This is the part at the bottom left. The Interface tab shows the interface of a selected model. Double-click to open the Interface Editor.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The Icon tab shows the icon of a selected model. Double-click to open the Icon Editor.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nHere is a video guiding the reader through the features of 20-sim:\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/vimeo.com\/499818734\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nMore information about using 20-sim is available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/webhelp\/\">20-sim webhelp<\/a> and at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/help\/manuals\/\">20-sim Help Manuals<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#F5-3\">Figure 5\u20113<\/a> shows the main steps for system design. In further sections, we will follow these steps with several worked-out examples to demonstrate the application of this process.<a id=\"F5-3\"><\/a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1143\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"1463\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1143 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1463\" height=\"518\" \/> Figure 5-3 Process steps for design of a system using modelling, simulation, and analysis[\/caption]\r\n<h1>5.2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Example: BG Model for a Car Seat Mechanical System<a id=\"S5-2\"><\/a><\/h1>\r\nTo demonstrate 20-sim application, using the data provided in Table 5\u20111, we build a BG model of a car seat. The car seat system schematic is shown in <a href=\"#F5-4\">Figure 5\u20114<\/a>.<a id=\"F5-4\"><\/a> Consider the (+C) to be the sign convention for internal forces.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1144\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"684\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1144 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"684\" height=\"468\" \/> Figure 5-4 Sketch for a mechanical system for a car seat[\/caption]\r\n<table class=\"grid aligncenter\" style=\"height: 120px; width: 100%;\"><caption>Table 5\u20111 Data for car-seat example and BG model<\/caption>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\"><strong>Component\/element<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\"><strong>Value<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\"><strong>Unit<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Mass, $m_1$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">27<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Mass, $m_2$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">80<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Spring, $k_1$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">1800<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Spring, $k_2$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">19 x 10<sup>4<\/sup><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Damper, $b_1$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">400<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Damper, $b_2$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">900<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Car floor speed, $V_floor$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">signal<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">step-function<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nSolution:\r\n\r\nHere are two videos showing how to build and run the model for this example in 20-sim:\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/vimeo.com\/499820155\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/vimeo.com\/558369806\r\n\r\nLaunch 20-sim and follow the solution steps provided in the videos. <a href=\"#F5-5\">Figure 5\u20115<\/a> shows the resulting BG model.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1916\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"500\"]<a href=\"\/engineeringsystems\/chapter\/introduction-to-20-sim-software-tool\/figure-5-5\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1916\"><img class=\"wp-image-1916\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"864\" \/><\/a> Figure 5-5 Bond graph model for a car seat[\/caption]\r\n\r\n<b>\u00a0<\/b>\r\n<h1>5.3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Example: BG Model for a Cart Carrying a Load<a id=\"S5-3\"><\/a><\/h1>\r\nTo demonstrate 20-sim, we build a BG model of a cart carrying a load. Consider the (+C) to be the sign convention for internal forces.\r\n\r\nTable 5\u20112 shows the data for the system components. <a href=\"#F5-6\">Figure 5\u20116<\/a> shows the cart system schematic.<a id=\"F5-6\"><\/a>\r\n\r\n<b>\u00a0<\/b>\r\n<div align=\"center\">\r\n<table class=\"grid aligncenter\" style=\"height: 120px; width: 100%;\"><caption>Table 5\u20112 Data for example of cart with load and BG model<\/caption>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\"><strong>Component\/element<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\"><strong>Value<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\"><strong>Unit<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Mass, $m_1$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">40<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Mass, $m_2$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">20<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Spring, $k_1$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">2000<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Spring, $k_2$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">1500<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Damper, $b_1$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">400<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Damper, $b_2$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">900<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Force, $F(t)$<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">signal<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">sinusoidal<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1146\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"387\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1146 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"215\" \/> Figure 5\u20116 Sketch for a cart system carrying a load[\/caption]\r\n\r\nSolution:\r\n\r\nThe process for building a BG model and related simulation for this example is given through a screen recording that guides the readers through the whole process. Launch 20-sim, and to build and run the 20-sim model for this example,\u00a0 follow the solution steps provided in the following video:\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/vimeo.com\/558371152\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<a href=\"#F5-7\">Figure 5\u20117<\/a> shows the resulting BG model.<a id=\"F5-7\"><\/a>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_1147\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"616\"]<img class=\"wp-image-1147 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"616\" height=\"612\" \/> Figure 5\u20117 Bond graph model for a cart carrying a load[\/caption]\r\n<h1><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px;\">\u00a0<\/span>Exercise Problems for Chapter 5<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px;\">\u00a0<\/span>Exercises<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Familiarize yourself with the 20-sim tools and features, using the screen recording in <a href=\"#S5-1\">section 5.1<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Build the BG model using 20-sim for the example given in <a href=\"#S5-2\">section 5.2<\/a> considering:.\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+T) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+C) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Run the model for simulation and create and report typical graphs.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol start=\"3\">\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Build the BG model using 20-sim for the example given in <a href=\"#S5-3\">section 5.3<\/a> considering:\r\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+T) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+C) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Run the model for simulation and create and report typical graphs.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div>\n<h1>5.1 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Overview<a id=\"S5-1\"><\/a><\/h1>\n<p>In this chapter, we introduce the engineering software tool 20-sim, focusing on its BG modelling and simulation facilities. Originally developed in the Netherlands at the University of Twente and released in 1995, 20-sim was the first commercially released software package for bond graph modelling. 20-sim was further developed and currently is available through Controllab Products <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/back-matter\/references#R3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>An advanced modelling and simulation software tool, 20-sim uses Microsoft Windows\u2122 operating system. 20-sim enables users to model the behaviour of systems, such as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, thermal, or a combination of these systems (i.e., multi-domain systems). Below is a list of 20-sim\u2019s modelling and simulation tools. The first four items in the list are the main tools:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>bond graph<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>block diagrams<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>iconic diagrams<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>equation models<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>3D animation<\/li>\n<li>3D mechanics<\/li>\n<li>code generation<\/li>\n<li>controller design<\/li>\n<li>frequency and time domain<\/li>\n<li>multi-domain systems<\/li>\n<li>virtual reality: Unity Toolbox<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>20-sim allows users create models\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/features\/editor\/\">graphically<\/a>, similar to drawing an engineering sketch. With these models you can simulate and analyze the behaviour of single-domain and multi-domain dynamic systems and create control systems. One can even generate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/features\/code-generation\/\">C-code<\/a> and run this code on hardware for rapid prototyping and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation.<\/p>\n<p>20-sim has two main window interfaces: Editor and Simulator, shown in <a href=\"#F5-1\">Figure 5\u20111<\/a> and <a href=\"#F5-2\">Figure 5\u20112<\/a>, respectively. To open the Simulator window from the keyboard, select <strong>Ctrl + R<\/strong>. To open the Simulator window from the Editor window, choose <strong>Tools &gt; Simulator<\/strong>.<a id=\"F5-1\"><\/a><a id=\"F5-2\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1141\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1141\" style=\"width: 588px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1141 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-1.jpg 588w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-1-300x161.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-1-65x35.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-1-225x121.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-1-350x188.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 588px) 100vw, 588px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1141\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5-1 20-sim Editor interface<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1142\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1142\" style=\"width: 405px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1142 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"405\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-2.jpg 405w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-2-300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-2-65x42.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-2-225x144.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-2-350x224.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 405px) 100vw, 405px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1142\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5-2 20-sim Simulator interface<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As described in the manual <em>Getting started with 20-sim 4.8<\/em>, the Editor consists of four parts:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Model tab\/Library tab: This is the part at the middle left. The Model tab shows the model hierarchy, i.e., the hierarchical composition (all the elements) of the model that is created in the Editor. The Library tab shows the 20-sim library.<\/li>\n<li>Graphical Editor\/Equation Editor: This is the big white space, with or without grids, at the middle right. The Editor is used to create graphical models and enter equations.<\/li>\n<li>Output tab\/Process tab\/Find tab: This is the part at the bottom right. The Output tab shows the files that are opened and stored. The Process tab shows the compiler messages. The Find tab shows the search results.<\/li>\n<li>Interface tab\/Icon tab: This is the part at the bottom left. The Interface tab shows the interface of a selected model. Double-click to open the Interface Editor.<\/li>\n<li>The Icon tab shows the icon of a selected model. Double-click to open the Icon Editor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Here is a video guiding the reader through the features of 20-sim:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"20-sim_quick_tour\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/499818734?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"264\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>More information about using 20-sim is available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/webhelp\/\">20-sim webhelp<\/a> and at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.20sim.com\/help\/manuals\/\">20-sim Help Manuals<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#F5-3\">Figure 5\u20113<\/a> shows the main steps for system design. In further sections, we will follow these steps with several worked-out examples to demonstrate the application of this process.<a id=\"F5-3\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1143\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1143\" style=\"width: 1463px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1143 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1463\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3.jpg 1463w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3-300x106.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3-1024x363.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3-768x272.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3-65x23.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3-225x80.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-3-350x124.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1463px) 100vw, 1463px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1143\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5-3 Process steps for design of a system using modelling, simulation, and analysis<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1>5.2 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Example: BG Model for a Car Seat Mechanical System<a id=\"S5-2\"><\/a><\/h1>\n<p>To demonstrate 20-sim application, using the data provided in Table 5\u20111, we build a BG model of a car seat. The car seat system schematic is shown in <a href=\"#F5-4\">Figure 5\u20114<\/a>.<a id=\"F5-4\"><\/a> Consider the (+C) to be the sign convention for internal forces.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1144\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1144\" style=\"width: 684px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1144 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"684\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-4.jpg 684w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-4-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-4-65x44.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-4-225x154.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-4-350x239.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1144\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5-4 Sketch for a mechanical system for a car seat<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<table class=\"grid aligncenter\" style=\"height: 120px; width: 100%;\">\n<caption>Table 5\u20111 Data for car-seat example and BG model<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\"><strong>Component\/element<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\"><strong>Value<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\"><strong>Unit<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Mass, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-64d6ab52bb05afac5120f9fa30e12679_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"9\" width=\"18\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">27<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Mass, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7074eddb4b441a91a587661e65d2d465_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"9\" width=\"19\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">80<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Spring, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1ee3327ea4e4c0dc42cd172f6cab2075_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#107;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">1800<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Spring, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b11ba312ea3cf44559b57c22005f2b3c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#107;&#95;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">19 x 10<sup>4<\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Damper, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-53a130e994ff5e0a40e6451664aeea0f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#98;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"11\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">400<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Damper, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7bcd18dae372bae9a45f008f9b708a4c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#98;&#95;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"12\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">900<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 382.969px;\">Car floor speed, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f7fca0034c3fc8500703c7598bfc2aaa_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#86;&#95;&#102;&#108;&#111;&#111;&#114;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"41\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 118.938px;\">signal<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 255.281px;\">step-function<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n<p>Here are two videos showing how to build and run the model for this example in 20-sim:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-2\" title=\"Screenrecord_part1_for_Example_in_section_5-2\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/499820155?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"264\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-3\" title=\"Screenrecord_part2_for_Example_in_section_5-2.mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/558369806?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"264\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Launch 20-sim and follow the solution steps provided in the videos. <a href=\"#F5-5\">Figure 5\u20115<\/a> shows the resulting BG model.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1916\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1916\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"\/engineeringsystems\/chapter\/introduction-to-20-sim-software-tool\/figure-5-5\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1916\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1916\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5.jpg 746w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5-174x300.jpg 174w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5-593x1024.jpg 593w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5-65x112.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5-225x389.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/02\/Figure-5-5-350x605.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1916\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5-5 Bond graph model for a car seat<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<h1>5.3 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Example: BG Model for a Cart Carrying a Load<a id=\"S5-3\"><\/a><\/h1>\n<p>To demonstrate 20-sim, we build a BG model of a cart carrying a load. Consider the (+C) to be the sign convention for internal forces.<\/p>\n<p>Table 5\u20112 shows the data for the system components. <a href=\"#F5-6\">Figure 5\u20116<\/a> shows the cart system schematic.<a id=\"F5-6\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: auto;\">\n<table class=\"grid aligncenter\" style=\"height: 120px; width: 100%;\">\n<caption>Table 5\u20112 Data for example of cart with load and BG model<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\"><strong>Component\/element<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\"><strong>Value<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\"><strong>Unit<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Mass, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-64d6ab52bb05afac5120f9fa30e12679_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"9\" width=\"18\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">40<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Mass, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7074eddb4b441a91a587661e65d2d465_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#109;&#95;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"9\" width=\"19\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">20<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Spring, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1ee3327ea4e4c0dc42cd172f6cab2075_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#107;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"13\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">2000<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Spring, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b11ba312ea3cf44559b57c22005f2b3c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#107;&#95;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">1500<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Damper, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-53a130e994ff5e0a40e6451664aeea0f_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#98;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"11\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">400<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Damper, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7bcd18dae372bae9a45f008f9b708a4c_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#98;&#95;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"12\" style=\"vertical-align: -2px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">900<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">N.s\/m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 296.219px;\">Force, <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-69f6d0343a698a233c9771c56e6918c4_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#70;&#40;&#116;&#41;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"27\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 88.1875px;\">signal<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 15px; width: 144.281px;\">sinusoidal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1146\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1146\" style=\"width: 387px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1146 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-6.jpg 387w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-6-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-6-65x36.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-6-225x125.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-6-350x194.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 387px) 100vw, 387px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1146\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5\u20116 Sketch for a cart system carrying a load<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Solution:<\/p>\n<p>The process for building a BG model and related simulation for this example is given through a screen recording that guides the readers through the whole process. Launch 20-sim, and to build and run the 20-sim model for this example,\u00a0 follow the solution steps provided in the following video:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-4\" title=\"Screenrecord_for_Example_in_section_5-3\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/558371152?dnt=1&amp;app_id=122963\" width=\"500\" height=\"262\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#F5-7\">Figure 5\u20117<\/a> shows the resulting BG model.<a id=\"F5-7\"><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_1147\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1147\" style=\"width: 616px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1147 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"616\" height=\"612\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7.jpg 616w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7-300x298.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7-225x224.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1041\/2021\/05\/Figure-5-7-350x348.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1147\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 5\u20117 Bond graph model for a cart carrying a load<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h1><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px;\">\u00a0<\/span>Exercise Problems for Chapter 5<\/h1>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.4px;\">\u00a0<\/span>Exercises<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Familiarize yourself with the 20-sim tools and features, using the screen recording in <a href=\"#S5-1\">section 5.1<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Build the BG model using 20-sim for the example given in <a href=\"#S5-2\">section 5.2<\/a> considering:.\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+T) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+C) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Run the model for simulation and create and report typical graphs.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Build the BG model using 20-sim for the example given in <a href=\"#S5-3\">section 5.3<\/a> considering:\n<ol style=\"list-style-type: lower-alpha;\">\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+T) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">(+C) as the sign convention for internal forces<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Run the model for simulation and create and report typical graphs.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":801,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-64","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/64","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/801"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/64\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2512,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/64\/revisions\/2512"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/64\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=64"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=64"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=64"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/engineeringsystems\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=64"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}