The Money Mindset
8 Strategies to Increase Savings
Anne Lee
Financial freedom comes fundamentally with increasing that savings rate first. Striving for a savings rate of even 50%-70% will allow one to speed up the journey towards financial independence at an exponentially faster pace. Increased savings can be put into a down payment on a principal residence or into a high-interest savings account. There will also be increased time to allow saved funds to grow and amass an increasing net worth. The power of compound interest permits investments to multiply in growth at an accelerated rate. Compound interest refers to the interest determined from both the initial principal investment as well as any accumulated interest previously.
Example: Compounding Interest
Jordan makes a one-time investment of $1,000 that earns 10% interest on an annual basis. After year 1, Jordan earns $100 on the investment ($1,000 principal x 10% interest rate), surmounting a balance of $1,100. If that $1,100 stays in the account to make 10% interest in year 2, then Jordan would earn another $110 on the investment ($1,100 x 10%). Year 2 would pay an extra $10 of interest over year 1 due to the effect of compound interest. Extending up to Year 10 shows the multiplying rate of increase in compound interest each year.
Year | Interest Income | Account Balance |
Year 0 | 1,000.00 | |
Year 1 | 100.00 | 1,100.00 |
Year 2 | 110.00 | 1,210.00 |
Year 3 | 121.00 | 1,331.00 |
Year 4 | 133.10 | 1464.10 |
Year 5 | 146.41 | 1,610.51 |
Year 6 | 161.05 | 1,771.56 |
Year 7 | 177.16 | 1,948.72 |
Year 8 | 194.87 | 2,143.59 |
Year 9 | 214.36 | 2,357.95 |
Year 10 | 235.80 | 2,593.75 |
There would be better compounding growth in the investment the longer Jordan lets the accumulated funds earn interest.
Dedicating as much of your income to savings usually means that an individual would have to decrease the expenditures that are in the ‘Needs’ and ‘Wants’ categories. Straightforward cooking at home instead of eating out at restaurants, taking public transport when available, and reducing monthly unutilized subscriptions are all standard ways to budget responsibly.
In addition to standard household methods, there’s many means available more specifically to trade workers to increase income or decrease expenses in order to contribute to a higher savings rate goal.
Ways to Increase Income
- Add some overtime hours – Much of the trades construction industry is projects based. Thus, there’s lots of labour needed during the construction phase to keep within estimated timelines. Provincial and/or Territorial employment laws usually require employers to pay at least 1.5 times the standard pay rate for overtime hours. Generally, overtime work hours would be time that an employee is working above 8 hours a day or 40 hours in a week. Taking on increased overtime hours will increase total pay.
- Work up at camp location – ‘Camp’ work is a very common employment opportunity for trades workers. Many of these project jobs require workers to take on a cycle rotation schedule such as 14/7. This rotation type would mean that the trades personnel works 14 days straight, then has a 7 day rest period. The hours of work may be extensive 10-12 hours a day, with the worksite in a remote location. Due to the nature of these roles, ‘camp’ jobs often pay significantly more salary.
- Side income projects – With a trades background, individuals would gain work experience that gives them the ability to earn income outside of their primary employment. They could potentially perform side jobs that are consistent with the trades work that they are doing or they could use transferrable skills to supplement their income. Apprentices could easily find side jobs assisting clients, with general tasks or errands, sourcing these clients through current technology platforms. Any side income would directly increase the amount of gross incoming funds available.
Links to sites that can assist trade workers and apprentices outsource their services in short-term tasks:
Tax Tip: Side Income Projects
Any worldwide income earned from side income projects would technically be subject to tax and should be reported on the Income Tax and Benefit Return (T1). Many of the expenses incurred to earn that income can be deductible. It is not common for third party technology platforms to issue you a tax slip at the end of the year. It is therefore important to set aside a portion of the funds earned on these projects, to ensure you have a sufficient amount to pay Canada Revenue Agency for the tax portion owing.
- Get short-term certification – The trades have an abundant amount of short-term technical certifications that are even as short as 1-3 days (eg. Occupational First Aid, Forklift, Confined Space, etc.). Obtaining a quick certification provides opportunity for access to additional roles that pay at a higher rate, or increased work in a different facet of your current employer. Microcredentials are being offered at many of Canada’s post-secondary institutions, to up skill the workforce in crucial sectors. Candidates for these microcredentials may be experienced tradespersons, apprentices finishing a block-level of technical training, or those planning for future-focused job opportunities in the skilled trades. In the trades industry, many of these accelerated training programs can even be fully funded by various government organizations. Trades personnel can upgrade their skillset in a specific microcredential area very quickly at low-cost, and be equipped for increased responsibilities that can provide increased renumeration.
Government-funded Canada microcredentials:
- Grasp new technologies – In this technologically advanced era, new technologies are being introduced to the trades industry at a significant rate. Learning to use these available innovations can make you a more valuable asset to the Company, unlocking further career opportunities. As well, increased efficiency with the use of technology can allow more time for individuals to perform higher-level decision making tasks and roles that will lead you to earn increased remuneration.
- Update your business acumen – Graduates of trades programs have the technical ability to become self-employed very quickly. Going from Apprentice to being in charge of your own business, essentially as Chief Executive Officer (CEO), is a high learning curve. Becoming self-employed is a tremendous amount of work, but the earnings potential can be substantially greater. There is increased compliance and business risk when a trades person moves from an employee to starting their own business. Thus, learning some of the financial framework of business will assist in understanding the action steps you can take to propel earnings to the next level.
Tax Tip: Self-Employed Individuals
As a self-employed individual, most reasonable business expenses can be deducted from gross earnings. These allowable deductible expenses lower the taxable income amount, and effectively income taxes owing. Self-employed individuals are required to pay both the employee and employer portion of payroll taxes though. This would include paying 2 times Canada Pension Plan (CPP) and 2.4 times Employment Insurance (EI) contributions than if one were only an employee, and not self-employed.
Ways to Decrease Expenses
- Work at camp locations – Employment at ‘camp’ locations are usually on a work site that provides meals and lodging for the entire cycle to the employee. Transportation costs to the site town are usually even reimbursed. With all these benefits paid for by the employer, trades personnel can significantly decrease these primary expenses in a monthly budget. In some of these remote towns, there may also be reduced opportunities to spend the discretionary income.
- Bring lunch / snacks to work – This sounds easier than it is, especially for those that work in larger metropolitan areas where various coffee and lunch stops are all around. Consistently bringing lunch instead of getting takeaways gets individuals into a positive financial routine. Even reducing expenses by $10 or $15 a day can make a significant impact on the road to financial independence, as one has that much more each day to invest in future earnings.
- Using benefits package provided by employer – There are employers in the skilled trades that provide employee benefits such as extended healthcare, group life insurance, disability income protection, daycare, retirement benefits, or even alternative work arrangements. Utilizing the benefits that are already provided by your employer allows individuals and families to not have to incur those costs personally. With items such as dental services the benefit usually far outweighs the actual employee premium costs required to be paid.
- Take on out-of-town assignments. Living out allowance (LOA) are usually provided for out-of-town assignments. Trade workers usually have a reduction in personal costs, as the employer provides reimbursement or an allowance for accommodation, transportation, and meals during this period.
- Have employer fund further education credentials – Employers generally want their employees to update their skillset and take their new found capabilities to the workplace. Trade workers can negotiate with their employer to provide for updated or renewal of work tickets, certifications, and further continuing education. Employers can often deduct the cost of the training as a business expense. Chapter 5 – Funding Opportunities for Apprentices discusses an array of options to obtain financial funding as a trade apprentice to complete your Certificate of Qualification including Red Seal Endorsement.
Tax Tip: Specific Employment-Related Training
Canada Revenue Agency generally considers that courses taken to maintain or upgrade employment-related skills are mainly for the benefit of the employer, when it is reasonable to assume that the employee will resume their employment for a reasonable period of time after the apprentice finishes the course. Tuition fees and other associated costs such as books, meals, travel, and accommodation that the employer pays for courses leading to a degree, diploma, or certificate in a field related to the employee’s current or future responsibilities in the business are not considered a taxable benefit to the employee. Sponsored employers are more likely to offer paid educational benefits when the Company is able to fully deduct these costs, and these specific employment-related training is not a taxable benefit to the trades employee.
- Combine vacation with employer business trip or conference. As the transportation is already part of the business trip, combining personal vacation time can assist in reducing otherwise travel costs.
- Access Funding for Tools and Work Attire – As skilled trades workers are in high demand, many programs are available to assist trades workers with the cost of tools. Employers usually need to provide standard safety and protective equipment to comply with occupational work standards.
- Manageable commute – It is very unlikely for trade workers to be able to work from home or remotely. To assist in reducing personal transportation costs, trade workers can choose to give preference for work locations that have a nearby commute or that an individual can get to utilizing transit. Another option is to seek work projects that there is reimbursement from the employer for parking and/or an allowance for mileage.
- Do-It-Yourself Home Maintenance – Trades workers are already experts in their own trade. These hands-on skills usually translate into many maintenance repairs and renovation projects that can be do-it-yourself (DIY). Fixing general items yourself can save a lot on costly labour expenses. An advantage of being in the trades is that your network of general contractors and labourers is also higher. A trade worker can even exchange their services to save funds. An example would be that an electrician assists a neighbor for some electrical work, while the neighbour assists in moving furniture.
the state of having enough assets or passive income sources to cover one’s living expenses perpetuity without support from further employment. Also called financial independence
the percentage of after-tax income that is put towards savings
the private dwelling that an individual or family occupies most of the time. Unit can be in the form of a house, condominium, cottage, apartment, or mobile home.
the interest on savings calculated on both the initial principal amount plus the accumulated interest from previous periods (interest earned on interest)
the regular amount of money that an employee is paid, usually expressed on a per hour or annual basis
generally hours worked by an employee greater than 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week, depending on Provincial and/or Territorial employment laws
the Canadian tax return that individuals complete every year to calculate whether they owe tax on their income. A return must also be completed and submitted to Canada Revenue Agency to receive federal and provincial or territorial benefits and credits.
agency that administers tax, benefits, and related programs to ensure compliance on behalf of governments across Canada, thereby contributing to the ongoing economic and social well-being of Canadians
accelerated training programs offered by post-secondary education institutions that are intended to help people retrain or upgrade their skills in a variety of sectors
highest-ranking person in a Company, ultimately responsible for Company's direction and managerial decisions
any costs incurred for the purpose to earn business income
amount of your income that is subject to tax. It is used to calculate federal and provincial/territorial tax amounts.
a government administered retirement pension plan that is available to all individuals who made contributions to the program
a government administered program that provides temporary income support to unemployed workers while they look for employment or upgrade their skills
an estimate of the income and expenses over a specific time period, usually a month or a year
official document issued by the provincial or territorial trades training authority recognizing that you are qualified to work in a particular skilled trade
stamped mark on the provincial or territorial trade certificate recognizing that one has the knowledge and skills necessary to practice that trade across Canada