{"id":46,"date":"2019-04-06T21:40:10","date_gmt":"2019-04-07T01:40:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=46"},"modified":"2019-05-13T20:34:36","modified_gmt":"2019-05-14T00:34:36","slug":"topic-4-2-shrubs","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/chapter\/topic-4-2-shrubs\/","title":{"raw":"Topic 4.2: Shrubs","rendered":"Topic 4.2: Shrubs"},"content":{"raw":"A \u201cshrub\u201d is technically defined as a multiple-stemmed woody plant.\u00a0 Some foresters use the term more loosely to include small-statured trees (=treelets) but the presence of multiple stems may be ecologically important.\u00a0 The distinction between shrubs and trees in tropical forests is obscured by large trees that also can spread vegetatively and therefore should technically be called giant shrubs.\u00a0 Multiple-stemmed palms are even more difficult to classify since they lack \u201cwood,\u201d which is technically defined as the product of secondary thickening which of course does not occur in palms (see below).\r\n\r\nSmall statured woody plants, whether they are single or multiple stemmed, can be a silvicultural blessing or a nuisance.\u00a0 Because they do not grow to be very tall, typical shrubs can serve as very effective \u201cnurse plants\u201d or severe competitors with tree seedlings.\u00a0 Seedling survival, growth, and stem quality may all benefit from the shade cast by shrubs in otherwise high light and high temperature environments.\u00a0 Alternatively, the shade and root competition of shrubs, coupled with their capacity to spread vegetatively, may suppress tree seedling growth for many years or even decades.\u00a0 \u201cArrested succession\u201d due to shrub-domination of abandoned agricultural clearings is a familiar phenomenon in many parts of the tropics.","rendered":"<p>A \u201cshrub\u201d is technically defined as a multiple-stemmed woody plant.\u00a0 Some foresters use the term more loosely to include small-statured trees (=treelets) but the presence of multiple stems may be ecologically important.\u00a0 The distinction between shrubs and trees in tropical forests is obscured by large trees that also can spread vegetatively and therefore should technically be called giant shrubs.\u00a0 Multiple-stemmed palms are even more difficult to classify since they lack \u201cwood,\u201d which is technically defined as the product of secondary thickening which of course does not occur in palms (see below).<\/p>\n<p>Small statured woody plants, whether they are single or multiple stemmed, can be a silvicultural blessing or a nuisance.\u00a0 Because they do not grow to be very tall, typical shrubs can serve as very effective \u201cnurse plants\u201d or severe competitors with tree seedlings.\u00a0 Seedling survival, growth, and stem quality may all benefit from the shade cast by shrubs in otherwise high light and high temperature environments.\u00a0 Alternatively, the shade and root competition of shrubs, coupled with their capacity to spread vegetatively, may suppress tree seedling growth for many years or even decades.\u00a0 \u201cArrested succession\u201d due to shrub-domination of abandoned agricultural clearings is a familiar phenomenon in many parts of the tropics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":656,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-46","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":42,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/46","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/656"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/46\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":175,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/46\/revisions\/175"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/42"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/46\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=46"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=46"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/fode014notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=46"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}