{"id":41,"date":"2024-03-06T17:46:23","date_gmt":"2024-03-06T22:46:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/frenchoer2\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=41"},"modified":"2024-03-06T18:11:18","modified_gmt":"2024-03-06T23:11:18","slug":"7-12-structure-expressions-affirmatives-et-negatives","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/frenchoer2\/chapter\/7-12-structure-expressions-affirmatives-et-negatives\/","title":{"raw":"7.12: Structure - Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives","rendered":"7.12: Structure &#8211; Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives"},"content":{"raw":"<h2 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104290 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Objectif\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-104290\">In this section, you will learn how to express different types of negation<\/p>\r\n\r\n<section class=\"box-note\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 class=\"box-legend editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Media Alternative<\/span><\/h2>\r\nListen to the audio clips that follow on this page to hear the French pronunciation of vocabulary and examples presented.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n<div id=\"section_1\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 class=\"editable\">On \u00e9tudie !<\/h2>\r\n<div id=\"section_2\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\">La n\u00e9gation<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">There are numerous ways to express negation in French. We will start with some common ones you need to know.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table mt-table-big\"><caption>Des expressions n\u00e9gatives<\/caption>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Expression positive<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Expression n\u00e9gative<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Exemple au pr\u00e9sent<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">\u2014<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">\u2014<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026pas <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">not<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>ne <\/strong>danse <strong>pas<\/strong> avec Reva.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas <\/strong>dans\u00e9 avec Reva.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">already<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-express-not-yet-ne-pas-encore\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-express-not-yet-ne-pas-encore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026pas encore<\/a> <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">not yet<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">On <strong>ne<\/strong> travaille<strong> pas<\/strong> encore.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">On <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>pas encore<\/strong> travaill\u00e9.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">encore, toujours*<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">still<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026plus <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">(not) anymore, no more<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> danse <strong>plus<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>plus<\/strong> dans\u00e9.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">toujours*<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">always<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026jamais <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">never<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Ils <strong>ne<\/strong> voyagent <strong>jamais<\/strong> en Afrique.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Ils <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ont <strong>jamais<\/strong> voyag\u00e9 en Afrique.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">quelque chose<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">something<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne...rien, rien\u2026 ne <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">nothing<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Il <strong>ne<\/strong> lit <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Il <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>rien<\/strong> lu.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">quelqu'un, tout le monde<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">someone, everyone<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026 personne, personne\u2026 ne <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">nobody, no one<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> vois <strong>personne<\/strong>.\r\n<strong>Personne ne<\/strong> me voit.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai vu <strong>personne<\/strong>.\r\n<strong>Personne ne<\/strong> m'a pas vu.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">... et, ou ...<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">... and,\u00a0or ...<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne... ni... ni...<\/strong> **<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">neither... nor...<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>n'<\/strong>aime <strong>ni<\/strong> la glace <strong>ni<\/strong> le chocolat.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n'<\/strong>ai aim\u00e9 <strong>ni<\/strong> la glace <strong>ni<\/strong> le chocolat.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"box-note\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104290 editable\">Note<\/h4>\r\nNote\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">The adverb <strong>toujours<\/strong> can mean \"still\" or \"always\", depending on the context.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\"><caption>N\u00e9gatif au pr\u00e9sent, pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 et futur proche<\/caption>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">pr\u00e9sent<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">futur proche<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> mange <strong>pas<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas<\/strong> mang\u00e9<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>pas<\/strong> manger<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> danse <strong>pas encore<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas<\/strong> encore dans\u00e9<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>pas encore<\/strong> danser<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>\u00e9tudie <strong>jamais<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>jamais<\/strong> \u00e9tudi\u00e9<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>jamais<\/strong> \u00e9tudier<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> voyage <strong>plus<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>plus<\/strong> voyag\u00e9<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>plus<\/strong> voyager<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> donne <strong>rien<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>rien<\/strong> donn\u00e9<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>rien<\/strong> donner<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vois <strong>personne<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai vu <strong>personne<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais voir <strong>personne<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(a) <strong>ne\u2026 pas<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">This is your simple, everyday negation, like not in English. We have seen this many times already. The <strong>ne<\/strong> and the <strong>pas<\/strong> are placed \"around\" the conjugated verb you want to negate.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> danse <strong>pas<\/strong>. (I don\u2019t dance.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> veux <strong>pas<\/strong> danser. (I don\u2019t want to dance.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas<\/strong> dans\u00e9. (I didn\u2019t dance.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">To negate an infinitive, you place <strong>ne<\/strong> <strong>pas<\/strong> right before it:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Pourquoi <strong>ne pas<\/strong> faire \u00e7a ? (Why not do that?)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Review differente ways to use ne...pas at the following sites:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\"><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-not-with-simple-tenses-negation\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-not-with-simple-tenses-negation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026 pas with simple tenses<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\"><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-compound-tenses-negation\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-compound-tenses-negation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026pas with pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\"><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-reflexive-verbs-in-compound-tenses-negation\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-reflexive-verbs-in-compound-tenses-negation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026 pas with reflexive verbs<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">You can always further modify the <strong>pas<\/strong> negation with adverbs of intensity (<strong>adverbes d\u2019intensit\u00e9<\/strong>), depending on what you want to say:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t like that guy.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas du tout<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t like that guy at all.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas beaucoup<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t like that guy much.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas vraiment<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t really like that guy.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(b)<strong> ne\u2026 pas encore<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Another way to modify <strong>pas<\/strong> is to add the word <strong>encore<\/strong>. Together they mean not yet, mostly with the <strong>pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai pas <strong>encore vu<\/strong> ce film. (I haven\u2019t seen this movie yet.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(c) ne\u2026 plus<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Ne\u2026 plus<\/strong> means \"not anymore\" or \"no longer\".<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> joue <strong>plus<\/strong> au tennis. (I don\u2019t play tennis anymore.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> peux <strong>plus<\/strong> jouer au tennis. (I can\u2019t play tennis anymore.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>y a <strong>plus<\/strong> de biscuits. (There aren\u2019t any more cookies)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(d) <strong>ne\u2026 jamais <\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">This form of negation means never or not ever:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> mange <strong>jamais<\/strong> de betteraves. (I never eat beets.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>jamais<\/strong> go\u00fbt\u00e9 d\u2019escargots. (I have never tasted escargots.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(e)<strong> ne\u2026 rien<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Rien<\/strong> means \"nothing \"or \"(not) anything\", and it can be both the subject and the object of a verb:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>rien.<\/strong>\u00a0(I don\u2019t have anything.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-2 lt-human-120657\">o. o.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Rien <\/strong><strong>n\u2019<\/strong>est gratuit. (Nothing is free.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">s. s.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">In either case, the <strong>ne, n\u2019<\/strong> always precedes the verb.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Quelques expressions et proverbes avec <strong>rien<\/strong> :<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\"><caption>Expressions avec <strong>rien<\/strong><\/caption>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">\u00c7a <strong>ne<\/strong> fait <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">It doesn\u2019t matter, no big deal<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Rien ne<\/strong> marche.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nothing works.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">\u00c7a <strong>ne<\/strong> sert \u00e0 <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">It\u2019s useless, It\u2019s no use.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">On <strong>ne<\/strong> donne <strong>rien<\/strong> pour <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">You don\u2019t give nothing for nothing.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Rien ne<\/strong> dure.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nothing lasts.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">Qui <strong>n'<\/strong>observe <strong>rien<\/strong> <strong>n'<\/strong>apprend <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">(S)he who observes nothing, learns nothing.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\r\nVisit this page to explore different quotes that use <strong>ne...<\/strong> <strong>rien<\/strong>:\u00a0<a class=\"external\" title=\"http:\/\/evene.lefigaro.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=rien\" href=\"http:\/\/evene.lefigaro.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=rien\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">citations : rien<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cQui veut faire quelque chose trouve un moyen, qui <strong>ne<\/strong> veut <strong>rien<\/strong> faire trouve une excuse.\u201d (Proverbe Arabe.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cCrois la moiti\u00e9 de ce que tu vois et <strong>rien<\/strong> de ce que tu entends.\u201d (Proverbe Cr\u00e9ole)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(f) <strong>ne\u2026 personne<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Ne\u2026 personne means \"nobody\", \"no one\", \"anybody\" or \"anyone\". Like <strong>rien<\/strong>, <strong>personne<\/strong> can also be the subject or object of a verb.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> vois <strong>personne<\/strong>. (I don\u2019t see anybody.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-3 lt-human-120657\">o. o.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne <\/strong><strong>n\u2019<\/strong>est venu nous voir. (Nobody came to see us.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-2 lt-human-120657\">s. s.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> is also the only negative adverb that is placed \"after\" the past participle in the <strong>pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai vu <strong>personne<\/strong>. (I didn\u2019t see anyone.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Ils <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ont invit\u00e9 <strong>personne<\/strong>. (They didn\u2019t invite anybody.)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"box-note\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104290 editable\">Note<\/h4>\r\nNote\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> can mean different things, depending on the context! <strong>Il y a une personne<\/strong> means There is a person, but <strong>Il n\u2019y a personne<\/strong> means There isn\u2019t anybody there. Sometime people just say \u00ab <strong>personne<\/strong> \u00bb to mean \u00ab nobody \u00bb, without saying <strong>ne<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 Qui va aller au concert ce soir ?<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 <strong>Personne<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Quelques expressions et proverbes avec <strong>personne<\/strong> :<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\"><caption>Expressions et proverbes avec personne<\/caption>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>est parfait.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nobody\u2019s perfect.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> <strong>n'<\/strong>est indispensable.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nobody\u2019s indispensable.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">Bouche qui rit <strong>ne<\/strong> blesse <strong>personne<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">A laughing mouth hurts no one.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\r\nVisit this page to explore different quotes that use\u00a0<strong>ne...personne<\/strong> <a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/citation-celebre.leparisien.fr\/citation\/personne?longueur=courte\" href=\"https:\/\/citation-celebre.leparisien.fr\/citation\/personne?longueur=courte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">citations : personne<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201c<strong>Personne <\/strong><strong>n'<\/strong>est jeune apr\u00e8s quarante ans mais on peut \u00eatre irr\u00e9sistible \u00e0 tout \u00e2ge.\"\u00a0 (Coco Chanel)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cUn grand guerrier ? <strong>Personne<\/strong> par la guerre <strong>ne<\/strong> devient grand.\u201d\u00a0 (Georges Lucas)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(g)<strong> ne\u2026 aucun(e)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Aucun(e)<\/strong> can be either an adjective or a pronoun, so it must agree with the gender of the noun it modifies. It always stays singular.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 Tu n\u2019as trouv\u00e9 <strong>aucune<\/strong> boulangerie en ville ? (Didn\u2019t you find any bakeries in town?)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-4 lt-human-120657\">adjective<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 Non, je n\u2019en ai trouv\u00e9 <strong>aucune<\/strong>. (Non, I didn\u2019t find any [of them].)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-5 lt-human-120657\">pronoun<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019a aim\u00e9 <strong>aucun<\/strong> de ces films. (He didn\u2019t like any of those films.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019a aim\u00e9 <strong>aucune<\/strong> de ces chemises. (He didn\u2019t like any of those shirts.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(h) As we saw with <strong>ne\u2026 pas<\/strong> and the verb <strong>avoir<\/strong>, indefinite or partitive articles (<strong>le, la les, du, de la, des<\/strong>) usually become <strong>de, d\u2019<\/strong> after any negative expression:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Nous avons <strong>un<\/strong> ami. (We have a friend.) \u2794 Nous <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>avons <strong>pas <\/strong><strong>d\u2019<\/strong>amis. (We don\u2019t have any friends.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il y a <strong>de la<\/strong> salade. (There is some salad.) \u2794 Il n\u2019y a <strong>pas de<\/strong> salade. (There isn\u2019t any salad.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">J\u2019ai encore <strong>des<\/strong> crayons. (I still have some pencils.) \u2794 Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>plus de<\/strong> crayons. (I don\u2019t have any more pencils.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Amina a mang\u00e9 <strong>des<\/strong> olives. (Amina ate some olives.) \u2794 Amina <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>jamais<\/strong> mang\u00e9 <strong>d\u2019<\/strong>olives. (Amina has never eaten any olives.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(j) Another useful expression is <strong>ne\u2026que<\/strong>, but it is only a partial negation. It is used to express \"restriction\", similar to the way we use the adverb only in English. In fact, it is often interchangeable with <strong>seulement<\/strong> (only).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>que<\/strong> cinq dollars. (She only has five dollars.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle a <strong>seulement<\/strong> cinq dollars. (She only has five dollars.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai lu <strong>qu\u2019<\/strong>une partie. (I only read a part of it.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">J\u2019ai lu <strong>seulement<\/strong> une partie. (I only read a part of it.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(k) As you get used to these adverbs of negation, you will be able to combine them in other ways. For example, <strong>ne\u2026 plus rien<\/strong> can be used to say something like \"nothing anymore\".<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>plus rien<\/strong> \u00e0 donner. (He doesn\u2019t have anything to give anymore.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Here\u2019s an example of the combination of <strong>personne<\/strong>, <strong>jamais<\/strong> and <strong>rien<\/strong>:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> ne fait <strong>jamais rien<\/strong> ! (Nobody ever does anything!)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cParfois j'aimerais mourir pour <strong>ne plus rien <\/strong>avoir. Parfois j'aimerais mourir pour <strong>plus jamais <\/strong>te voir. Je <strong>ne<\/strong> t\u2019aime <strong>plus<\/strong>, mon amour. Je <strong>ne<\/strong> t\u2019aime <strong>plus<\/strong>, tous les jours\u201d. (Manu Chao)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.3rem;font-weight: bold\">Les expressions affirmatives<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Here\u2019s a useful comparison between affirmative and negative expressions:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\"><caption>Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives<\/caption>\r\n<thead>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" scope=\"col\">Affirmatif<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" scope=\"col\">Affirmative<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" scope=\"col\">N\u00e9gatif<\/th>\r\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" scope=\"col\">Negative<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/thead>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">quelqu\u2019un<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">tout le monde<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">somebody<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">everybody<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">ne\u2026personne<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">personne\u2026 ne<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">nobody<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">quelque chose<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">tout<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">something<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">everything<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">ne\u2026rien<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">rien\u2026ne<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">nothing<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">quelquefois<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">toujours<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">un jour<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">sometimes<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">always<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">someday<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026jamais<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">never<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">quelque part<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">somewhere<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026 nulle part<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Negative\">nowhere<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">already<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026 pas encore<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Negative\">not yet<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">encore<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">toujours<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">still<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">still<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026 plus<\/td>\r\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">no longer, not anymore<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"box-note\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-120657 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Note<\/span><\/h4>\r\nTry not to confuse these: <strong>encore<\/strong> (still), <strong>pas encore<\/strong> (not yet) and <strong>d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/strong> (already).\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"box-note\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-120657 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Note<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Quelque chose<\/strong>, <strong>quelqu\u2019un<\/strong>, <strong>personne<\/strong> and <strong>rien<\/strong> can be modified with an adjective after <strong>de<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je cherche <strong>quelque chose d\u2019int\u00e9ressant<\/strong>. (I\u2019m looking for someone interesting.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Tu es <strong>quelqu\u2019un de bien<\/strong>. (You are a nice person [\u2248someone nice)]).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je n\u2019y trouve <strong>rien de bon<\/strong>. (I\u2019m not finding anything good there.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je ne connais <strong>personne de plus important<\/strong>. (I don\u2019t know anybody more important.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_3\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\">Conjonctions n\u00e9gatives<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(a)<strong> Ne + <\/strong>verbe <strong>+ ni\u2026ni<\/strong> (neither\u2026nor).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">The negative expressions <strong>ne... ni\u2026 ni<\/strong> are similar to neither\u2026 nor in English. They can be a negative response to and or or.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">J\u2019aime les fruits <strong>et<\/strong> l\u00e9gumes. (I like fruits and vegetables.) \u2794<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je n\u2019aime <strong>ni<\/strong> les fruits <strong>ni<\/strong> les l\u00e9gumes. (I like neither fruits nor vegetables.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il aime travailler ou \u00e9tudier. (He likes to work and study.) \u2794<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019aime <strong>ni<\/strong> travailler <strong>ni<\/strong> \u00e9tudier. (He doesn\u2019t like to work or study.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">When <strong>ni\u2026ni<\/strong> is used to negate a sentence containing indefinite or partitive articles (<strong>un, une, des, du, de la, de l\u2019<\/strong>), these articles disappear in the negative sentence.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle a <strong>un<\/strong> chat et <strong>un<\/strong> chien. (She has a cat and a dog.) \u2794<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle a <strong>ni<\/strong> chat <strong>ni<\/strong> chien. (She has neither cats nor dogs.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Nous buvons <strong>du<\/strong> caf\u00e9 ou <strong>du<\/strong> th\u00e9. (We drink coffee or tea.) \u2794<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Nous ne buvons <strong>ni<\/strong> caf\u00e9 <strong>ni<\/strong> th\u00e9. (We don\u2019t drink coffee or tea.)<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Read more about\u00a0<a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/www.lawlessfrench.com\/grammar\/negative-conjunctions\/\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lawlessfrench.com\/grammar\/negative-conjunctions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">Negative conjunctions<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Watch\u00a0this video to review\u00a0<a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8476EEsCD8I\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8476EEsCD8I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">French negatives<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(b)<strong> Et..et, les deux <\/strong>et<strong> \u00e0 la fois<\/strong> (both\u2026and).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Et\u2026 et<\/strong> is the possive version of <strong>ni\u2026 ni<\/strong>, and it\u2019s just like the English both\u2026 and.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il prend <strong>et<\/strong> l\u2019avion <strong>et<\/strong> le train. (He takes both the plane and the train.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">But it can be repeated more than twice, similar to repeating and\u2026and\u2026 in English:<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il aime <strong>et<\/strong> le chocolat, <strong>et<\/strong> les bananes, <strong>et<\/strong> la glace, <strong>et<\/strong> la mayonnaise, <strong>et<\/strong> les frites. (He likes chocolate and bananas and ice cream and mayonnaise and French fries.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">However, <strong>et\u2026et\u2026<\/strong> rarely used everyday French. Here are some more common ways to express the idea of both\u2026and or just both.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(c)<strong> \u00e0 la fois<\/strong> (\u2248 at the same time).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il est <strong>\u00e0 la fois<\/strong> grand et beau. (He is both tall and handsome.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">On l'admire <strong>\u00e0 la fois<\/strong> pour sa gentillesse et son talent. (She is admired both for her kindness and her talent.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(d)<strong> les deux &amp; tous, toutes les deux<\/strong> (\u2248 the two [of them]).<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Ils viennent <strong>tous les deux<\/strong> (or: <strong>tous deux<\/strong>) au mariage. (They are both coming to the mariage.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Merci \u00e0 vous <strong>deux<\/strong> ! (Thank you both!)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Les<\/strong> <strong>deux<\/strong> th\u00e9ories sont int\u00e9ressantes. (Both theories are interesting.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Les<\/strong> <strong>deux<\/strong> s\u0153urs habite dans ce quartier. (Both sisters live in this neighborhood.)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle et sa soeur sont gauch\u00e8res <strong>toutes les<\/strong> <strong>deux<\/strong>. (or: \u2026<strong>toutes les deux<\/strong> gauch\u00e8res.) (She and her sister are both left-handed)<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(e) There are several other ways to express ideas of \"bothness\" and \"sameness\", like <strong>ainsi que<\/strong> (e.g., Il est grand ainsi que beau), but this is enough for now.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_4\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 class=\"editable\">On pratique !<\/h2>\r\n<div id=\"section_5\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><b>Activit\u00e9 A<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Choisissez l\u2019expression correcte.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019y a (aucun, plus) d\u2019argent.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Kyla ne va (toujours, jamais) \u00e0 la banque.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Je n\u2019ai re\u00e7u (aucun,\u00a0\u00a0pas de) cadeau pour mon anniversaire.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Y a-t-il (personne,\u00a0\u00a0quelqu\u2019un) dans la maison ?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Je ne veux (rien,\u00a0\u00a0jamais) faire ce matin.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">(Personne,\u00a0\u00a0Rien) ne trouve cet homme agr\u00e9able.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Il ne reste (pas,\u00a0qu\u2019) une chose \u00e0 faire.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Maman arrive (jamais,\u00a0toujours) \u00e0 cinq heures.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_6\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><b>Activit\u00e9\u00a0B<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">R\u00e9\u00e9crivez les phrases suivantes en rempla\u00e7ant les mots en italique par la forme n\u00e9gative :<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Mod\u00e8le :\u00a0Nous avons quelque chose d\u2019int\u00e9ressant. \u2794 Nous n\u2019avons rien d\u2019int\u00e9ressant.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tout le monde est content aujourd\u2019hui.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">On mange du poisson quelquefois.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Les enfants ob\u00e9issent toujours \u00e0 leurs parents.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tout va bien.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Ils ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 nettoy\u00e9 la cuisine.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Ma belle-m\u00e8re aime tout le monde.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Jean fait souvent la f\u00eate.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">J\u2019ai vu quelqu\u2019un dans le couloir.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_7\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\">Activit\u00e9\u00a0C<\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">R\u00e9pondez \u00e0 chaque question avec <strong>ne\u2026 que.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Mod\u00e8le\u00a0:\u00a0Tu as une voiture ? (v\u00e9lo) Non, je n\u2019ai qu\u2019un v\u00e9lo.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as beaucoup de fr\u00e8res et s\u0153urs ? (une s\u0153ur)<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu \u00e9tudies d\u2019autres langues ? (le fran\u00e7ais)<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as mang\u00e9 des fruits et des l\u00e9gumes aujourd\u2019hui ? (des fruits)<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as visit\u00e9 tous les pays francophones en Europe ? (la Suisse)<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as dix dollars ? (deux dollars)<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu en as vingt ? (dix-huit)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_8\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><b>Activit\u00e9\u00a0D<\/b><\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">R\u00e9pondez avec <strong>rien<\/strong> ou <strong>personne<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Est-ce que quelqu\u2019un a t\u00e9l\u00e9phon\u00e9 ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Est-ce que tout est clair ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as invit\u00e9 des gens ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu vas faire quelque chose ce week-end ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Vous avez quelque chose \u00e0 d\u00e9clarer ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Quelqu\u2019un m\u2019a appel\u00e9e ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu penses que tout a chang\u00e9 ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_9\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h2 class=\"editable\">On approfondit !<\/h2>\r\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\r\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0en ligne<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p class=\"lt-human-104333\">Use the following resources\u00a0to\u00a0type accents and\/or search for words:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"link-https\" href=\"https:\/\/french.typeit.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">Accents<\/a>:\u00a0\u00e7,\u00a0\u00e0,\u00a0\u00e9,\u00a0\u00e8,\u00a0\u00e2,\u00a0\u00ea,\u00a0\u00ee,\u00a0\u00f4,\u00a0\u00fb,\u00a0\u00f9,\u00a0\u00eb,\u00a0\u00ef,\u00a0\u00fc<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a class=\"link-https\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wordreference.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">Dictionnaire<\/a>\u00a0fran\u00e7ais-anglais<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_10\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><strong>Exercice 1 : <\/strong>Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives<\/h3>\r\n[embed]https:\/\/studio.libretexts.org\/h5p\/4551\/embed[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"section_11\" class=\"mt-section\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><strong>Exercice\u00a02 : adjectifs ind\u00e9finis (t<\/strong>out)<\/h3>\r\n[embed]https:\/\/studio.libretexts.org\/h5p\/5807\/embed[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<footer class=\"mt-content-footer\">\r\n\r\n<hr class=\"autoattribution-divider\" \/>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"autoattribution\">\r\n\r\nThis page titled <a class=\"internal mt-self-link\" href=\"https:\/\/human.libretexts.org\/Bookshelves\/Languages\/French\/French_OER_2_(Carrasco_Zahedi_and_Parrish)\/07%3A_Unite_7_-_A_table\/7.12%3A_Structure_-_Expressions_affirmatives_et_negatives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"internal noopener\">7.12: Structure - Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives<\/a> is shared under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">CC BY-NC 4.0<\/a> license and was authored, remixed, and\/or curated by <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.palomar.edu\/pages\/worldlanguages\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">William J. Carrasco, Shahrzad Zahedi, &amp; Caren Barnezet Parrish<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\/* 1 &amp;&amp; attrDividers.length &gt; 1) {\r\n\/* Hide first AutoAttribution from transcluded page *\/\r\nattrSections[0].style.display = 'none';\r\nattrDividers[0].style.display = 'none';\r\n}\r\n}\r\n}\r\n} catch (e) {\r\nconsole.error('[AutoAttribution Transclusion Removal] Error encountered!');\r\nconsole.error(e);\r\n}\/*]]&gt;*\/\r\n\/**\/\r\n\r\n\/*int.includes(\"0\")?parseInt(int,10):int).join(\".\");\r\n}\r\nfront+=\".\";\r\n}\r\nelse {\r\nfront = \"\";\r\n}\r\n}\r\nfront = front.replace(\/_\/g,\" \");\r\nMathJaxConfig = {\r\nTeX: {\r\nequationNumbers: {\r\nautoNumber: \"all\",\r\nformatNumber: function (n) {\r\nif(false){\r\nreturn front + (Number(n)+false);\r\n}\r\nelse{return front + n;\r\n}\r\n}\r\n},\r\nmacros: {\r\nPageIndex: [\"{\"+front+\" #1}\",1],\r\ntest: [\"{\"+front+\" #1}\",1]\r\n},\r\nMacros: {\r\nPageIndex: [\"{\"+front+\" #1}\",1],\r\ntest: [\"{\"+front+\" #1}\",1]\r\n},\r\nSVG: {\r\nlinebreaks: { automatic: true }\r\n}\r\n}\r\n};\r\nMathJax.Hub.Config(MathJaxConfig);\r\nMathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook(\"End\", ()=&gt;{if(activateBeeLine)activateBeeLine()});\r\n\/*]]&gt;*\/\r\n\r\n\/**\/\r\n\r\n<\/footer>","rendered":"<h2 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104290 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Objectif\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"lt-human-104290\">In this section, you will learn how to express different types of negation<\/p>\n<section class=\"box-note\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"box-legend editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Media Alternative<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Listen to the audio clips that follow on this page to hear the French pronunciation of vocabulary and examples presented.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div id=\"section_1\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"editable\">On \u00e9tudie !<\/h2>\n<div id=\"section_2\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\">La n\u00e9gation<\/h3>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">There are numerous ways to express negation in French. We will start with some common ones you need to know.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table mt-table-big\">\n<caption>Des expressions n\u00e9gatives<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Expression positive<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Expression n\u00e9gative<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Exemple au pr\u00e9sent<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">\u2014<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026pas <\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">not<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>ne <\/strong>danse <strong>pas<\/strong> avec Reva.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas <\/strong>dans\u00e9 avec Reva.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">already<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-express-not-yet-ne-pas-encore\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-express-not-yet-ne-pas-encore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026pas encore<\/a> <\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">not yet<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">On <strong>ne<\/strong> travaille<strong> pas<\/strong> encore.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">On <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>pas encore<\/strong> travaill\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">encore, toujours*<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">still<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026plus <\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">(not) anymore, no more<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> danse <strong>plus<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>plus<\/strong> dans\u00e9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">toujours*<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">always<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026jamais <\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">never<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Ils <strong>ne<\/strong> voyagent <strong>jamais<\/strong> en Afrique.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Ils <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ont <strong>jamais<\/strong> voyag\u00e9 en Afrique.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">quelque chose<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">something<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne&#8230;rien, rien\u2026 ne <\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">nothing<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Il <strong>ne<\/strong> lit <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Il <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>rien<\/strong> lu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">quelqu&#8217;un, tout le monde<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">someone, everyone<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne\u2026 personne, personne\u2026 ne <\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">nobody, no one<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> vois <strong>personne<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<strong>Personne ne<\/strong> me voit.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai vu <strong>personne<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<strong>Personne ne<\/strong> m&#8217;a pas vu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression positive\">&#8230; et, ou &#8230;<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">&#8230; and,\u00a0or &#8230;<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Expression n\u00e9gative\"><strong>ne&#8230; ni&#8230; ni&#8230;<\/strong> **<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">neither&#8230; nor&#8230;<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pr\u00e9sent\">Je <strong>n&#8217;<\/strong>aime <strong>ni<\/strong> la glace <strong>ni<\/strong> le chocolat.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Exemple au pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">Je <strong>n&#8217;<\/strong>ai aim\u00e9 <strong>ni<\/strong> la glace <strong>ni<\/strong> le chocolat.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"box-note\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104290 editable\">Note<\/h4>\n<p>Note<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">The adverb <strong>toujours<\/strong> can mean &#8220;still&#8221; or &#8220;always&#8221;, depending on the context.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\">\n<caption>N\u00e9gatif au pr\u00e9sent, pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 et futur proche<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">pr\u00e9sent<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">futur proche<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> mange <strong>pas<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas<\/strong> mang\u00e9<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>pas<\/strong> manger<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> danse <strong>pas encore<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas<\/strong> encore dans\u00e9<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>pas encore<\/strong> danser<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>\u00e9tudie <strong>jamais<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>jamais<\/strong> \u00e9tudi\u00e9<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>jamais<\/strong> \u00e9tudier<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> voyage <strong>plus<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>plus<\/strong> voyag\u00e9<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>plus<\/strong> voyager<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> donne <strong>rien<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>rien<\/strong> donn\u00e9<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais <strong>rien<\/strong> donner<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pr\u00e9sent\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vois <strong>personne<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\">je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai vu <strong>personne<\/strong><\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"futur proche\">je <strong>ne<\/strong> vais voir <strong>personne<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(a) <strong>ne\u2026 pas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">This is your simple, everyday negation, like not in English. We have seen this many times already. The <strong>ne<\/strong> and the <strong>pas<\/strong> are placed &#8220;around&#8221; the conjugated verb you want to negate.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> danse <strong>pas<\/strong>. (I don\u2019t dance.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> veux <strong>pas<\/strong> danser. (I don\u2019t want to dance.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>pas<\/strong> dans\u00e9. (I didn\u2019t dance.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">To negate an infinitive, you place <strong>ne<\/strong> <strong>pas<\/strong> right before it:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Pourquoi <strong>ne pas<\/strong> faire \u00e7a ? (Why not do that?)<\/p>\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Review differente ways to use ne&#8230;pas at the following sites:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\"><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-not-with-simple-tenses-negation\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-not-with-simple-tenses-negation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026 pas with simple tenses<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\"><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-compound-tenses-negation\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-compound-tenses-negation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026pas with pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\"><a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-reflexive-verbs-in-compound-tenses-negation\" href=\"https:\/\/french.kwiziq.com\/revision\/grammar\/how-to-use-ne-pas-with-reflexive-verbs-in-compound-tenses-negation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">ne\u2026 pas with reflexive verbs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">You can always further modify the <strong>pas<\/strong> negation with adverbs of intensity (<strong>adverbes d\u2019intensit\u00e9<\/strong>), depending on what you want to say:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t like that guy.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas du tout<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t like that guy at all.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas beaucoup<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t like that guy much.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>aime <strong>pas vraiment<\/strong> ce type. (I don\u2019t really like that guy.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(b)<strong> ne\u2026 pas encore<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Another way to modify <strong>pas<\/strong> is to add the word <strong>encore<\/strong>. Together they mean not yet, mostly with the <strong>pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai pas <strong>encore vu<\/strong> ce film. (I haven\u2019t seen this movie yet.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(c) ne\u2026 plus<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Ne\u2026 plus<\/strong> means &#8220;not anymore&#8221; or &#8220;no longer&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> joue <strong>plus<\/strong> au tennis. (I don\u2019t play tennis anymore.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> peux <strong>plus<\/strong> jouer au tennis. (I can\u2019t play tennis anymore.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>y a <strong>plus<\/strong> de biscuits. (There aren\u2019t any more cookies)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(d) <strong>ne\u2026 jamais <\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">This form of negation means never or not ever:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> mange <strong>jamais<\/strong> de betteraves. (I never eat beets.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>jamais<\/strong> go\u00fbt\u00e9 d\u2019escargots. (I have never tasted escargots.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(e)<strong> ne\u2026 rien<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Rien<\/strong> means &#8220;nothing &#8220;or &#8220;(not) anything&#8221;, and it can be both the subject and the object of a verb:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>rien.<\/strong>\u00a0(I don\u2019t have anything.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-2 lt-human-120657\">o. o.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Rien <\/strong><strong>n\u2019<\/strong>est gratuit. (Nothing is free.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">s. s.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">In either case, the <strong>ne, n\u2019<\/strong> always precedes the verb.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Quelques expressions et proverbes avec <strong>rien<\/strong> :<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\">\n<caption>Expressions avec <strong>rien<\/strong><\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">\u00c7a <strong>ne<\/strong> fait <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">It doesn\u2019t matter, no big deal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Rien ne<\/strong> marche.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nothing works.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">\u00c7a <strong>ne<\/strong> sert \u00e0 <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">It\u2019s useless, It\u2019s no use.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">On <strong>ne<\/strong> donne <strong>rien<\/strong> pour <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">You don\u2019t give nothing for nothing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Rien ne<\/strong> dure.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nothing lasts.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">Qui <strong>n&#8217;<\/strong>observe <strong>rien<\/strong> <strong>n&#8217;<\/strong>apprend <strong>rien<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">(S)he who observes nothing, learns nothing.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Visit this page to explore different quotes that use <strong>ne&#8230;<\/strong> <strong>rien<\/strong>:\u00a0<a class=\"external\" title=\"http:\/\/evene.lefigaro.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=rien\" href=\"http:\/\/evene.lefigaro.fr\/citations\/mot.php?mot=rien\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">citations : rien<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cQui veut faire quelque chose trouve un moyen, qui <strong>ne<\/strong> veut <strong>rien<\/strong> faire trouve une excuse.\u201d (Proverbe Arabe.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cCrois la moiti\u00e9 de ce que tu vois et <strong>rien<\/strong> de ce que tu entends.\u201d (Proverbe Cr\u00e9ole)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(f) <strong>ne\u2026 personne<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Ne\u2026 personne means &#8220;nobody&#8221;, &#8220;no one&#8221;, &#8220;anybody&#8221; or &#8220;anyone&#8221;. Like <strong>rien<\/strong>, <strong>personne<\/strong> can also be the subject or object of a verb.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>ne<\/strong> vois <strong>personne<\/strong>. (I don\u2019t see anybody.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-3 lt-human-120657\">o. o.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne <\/strong><strong>n\u2019<\/strong>est venu nous voir. (Nobody came to see us.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-2 lt-human-120657\">s. s.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> is also the only negative adverb that is placed &#8220;after&#8221; the past participle in the <strong>pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai vu <strong>personne<\/strong>. (I didn\u2019t see anyone.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Ils <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ont invit\u00e9 <strong>personne<\/strong>. (They didn\u2019t invite anybody.)<\/p>\n<div class=\"box-note\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104290 editable\">Note<\/h4>\n<p>Note<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> can mean different things, depending on the context! <strong>Il y a une personne<\/strong> means There is a person, but <strong>Il n\u2019y a personne<\/strong> means There isn\u2019t anybody there. Sometime people just say \u00ab <strong>personne<\/strong> \u00bb to mean \u00ab nobody \u00bb, without saying <strong>ne<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 Qui va aller au concert ce soir ?<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 <strong>Personne<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Quelques expressions et proverbes avec <strong>personne<\/strong> :<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\">\n<caption>Expressions et proverbes avec personne<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Fran\u00e7ais<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center\" scope=\"col\">Anglais<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>est parfait.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nobody\u2019s perfect.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> <strong>n&#8217;<\/strong>est indispensable.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">Nobody\u2019s indispensable.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Fran\u00e7ais\">Bouche qui rit <strong>ne<\/strong> blesse <strong>personne<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Anglais\">A laughing mouth hurts no one.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Visit this page to explore different quotes that use\u00a0<strong>ne&#8230;personne<\/strong> <a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/citation-celebre.leparisien.fr\/citation\/personne?longueur=courte\" href=\"https:\/\/citation-celebre.leparisien.fr\/citation\/personne?longueur=courte\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">citations : personne<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201c<strong>Personne <\/strong><strong>n&#8217;<\/strong>est jeune apr\u00e8s quarante ans mais on peut \u00eatre irr\u00e9sistible \u00e0 tout \u00e2ge.&#8221;\u00a0 (Coco Chanel)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cUn grand guerrier ? <strong>Personne<\/strong> par la guerre <strong>ne<\/strong> devient grand.\u201d\u00a0 (Georges Lucas)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(g)<strong> ne\u2026 aucun(e)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Aucun(e)<\/strong> can be either an adjective or a pronoun, so it must agree with the gender of the noun it modifies. It always stays singular.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 Tu n\u2019as trouv\u00e9 <strong>aucune<\/strong> boulangerie en ville ? (Didn\u2019t you find any bakeries in town?)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-4 lt-human-120657\">adjective<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">\u2014 Non, je n\u2019en ai trouv\u00e9 <strong>aucune<\/strong>. (Non, I didn\u2019t find any [of them].)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-5 lt-human-120657\">pronoun<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019a aim\u00e9 <strong>aucun<\/strong> de ces films. (He didn\u2019t like any of those films.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019a aim\u00e9 <strong>aucune<\/strong> de ces chemises. (He didn\u2019t like any of those shirts.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(h) As we saw with <strong>ne\u2026 pas<\/strong> and the verb <strong>avoir<\/strong>, indefinite or partitive articles (<strong>le, la les, du, de la, des<\/strong>) usually become <strong>de, d\u2019<\/strong> after any negative expression:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Nous avons <strong>un<\/strong> ami. (We have a friend.) \u2794 Nous <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>avons <strong>pas <\/strong><strong>d\u2019<\/strong>amis. (We don\u2019t have any friends.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il y a <strong>de la<\/strong> salade. (There is some salad.) \u2794 Il n\u2019y a <strong>pas de<\/strong> salade. (There isn\u2019t any salad.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">J\u2019ai encore <strong>des<\/strong> crayons. (I still have some pencils.) \u2794 Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai <strong>plus de<\/strong> crayons. (I don\u2019t have any more pencils.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Amina a mang\u00e9 <strong>des<\/strong> olives. (Amina ate some olives.) \u2794 Amina <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>jamais<\/strong> mang\u00e9 <strong>d\u2019<\/strong>olives. (Amina has never eaten any olives.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(j) Another useful expression is <strong>ne\u2026que<\/strong>, but it is only a partial negation. It is used to express &#8220;restriction&#8221;, similar to the way we use the adverb only in English. In fact, it is often interchangeable with <strong>seulement<\/strong> (only).<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>que<\/strong> cinq dollars. (She only has five dollars.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle a <strong>seulement<\/strong> cinq dollars. (She only has five dollars.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>ai lu <strong>qu\u2019<\/strong>une partie. (I only read a part of it.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">J\u2019ai lu <strong>seulement<\/strong> une partie. (I only read a part of it.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(k) As you get used to these adverbs of negation, you will be able to combine them in other ways. For example, <strong>ne\u2026 plus rien<\/strong> can be used to say something like &#8220;nothing anymore&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il <strong>n\u2019<\/strong>a <strong>plus rien<\/strong> \u00e0 donner. (He doesn\u2019t have anything to give anymore.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Here\u2019s an example of the combination of <strong>personne<\/strong>, <strong>jamais<\/strong> and <strong>rien<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Personne<\/strong> ne fait <strong>jamais rien<\/strong> ! (Nobody ever does anything!)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-indent-1\">\u201cParfois j&#8217;aimerais mourir pour <strong>ne plus rien <\/strong>avoir. Parfois j&#8217;aimerais mourir pour <strong>plus jamais <\/strong>te voir. Je <strong>ne<\/strong> t\u2019aime <strong>plus<\/strong>, mon amour. Je <strong>ne<\/strong> t\u2019aime <strong>plus<\/strong>, tous les jours\u201d. (Manu Chao)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><span style=\"font-size: 1.3rem;font-weight: bold\">Les expressions affirmatives<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Here\u2019s a useful comparison between affirmative and negative expressions:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><audio controls=\"controls\"><\/audio><\/p>\n<table class=\"mt-responsive-table\">\n<caption>Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives<\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" scope=\"col\">Affirmatif<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" scope=\"col\">Affirmative<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" scope=\"col\">N\u00e9gatif<\/th>\n<th class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" scope=\"col\">Negative<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">quelqu\u2019un<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">tout le monde<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">somebody<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">everybody<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">ne\u2026personne<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">personne\u2026 ne<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">nobody<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">quelque chose<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">tout<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">something<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">everything<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">ne\u2026rien<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">rien\u2026ne<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">nothing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">quelquefois<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">toujours<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">un jour<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">sometimes<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">always<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">someday<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026jamais<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">never<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">quelque part<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">somewhere<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026 nulle part<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Negative\">nowhere<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">already<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026 pas encore<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Negative\">not yet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmatif\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">encore<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">toujours<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"mt-align-center lt-human-120657\" data-th=\"Affirmative\">\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">still<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657 mt-align-left\">still<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"N\u00e9gatif\">ne\u2026 plus<\/td>\n<td class=\"lt-human-120657\" style=\"vertical-align: middle\" data-th=\"Negative\">no longer, not anymore<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"box-note\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-120657 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Note<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Try not to confuse these: <strong>encore<\/strong> (still), <strong>pas encore<\/strong> (not yet) and <strong>d\u00e9j\u00e0<\/strong> (already).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"box-note\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-120657 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Note<\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Quelque chose<\/strong>, <strong>quelqu\u2019un<\/strong>, <strong>personne<\/strong> and <strong>rien<\/strong> can be modified with an adjective after <strong>de<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je cherche <strong>quelque chose d\u2019int\u00e9ressant<\/strong>. (I\u2019m looking for someone interesting.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Tu es <strong>quelqu\u2019un de bien<\/strong>. (You are a nice person [\u2248someone nice)]).<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je n\u2019y trouve <strong>rien de bon<\/strong>. (I\u2019m not finding anything good there.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je ne connais <strong>personne de plus important<\/strong>. (I don\u2019t know anybody more important.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_3\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\">Conjonctions n\u00e9gatives<\/h3>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(a)<strong> Ne + <\/strong>verbe <strong>+ ni\u2026ni<\/strong> (neither\u2026nor).<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">The negative expressions <strong>ne&#8230; ni\u2026 ni<\/strong> are similar to neither\u2026 nor in English. They can be a negative response to and or or.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">J\u2019aime les fruits <strong>et<\/strong> l\u00e9gumes. (I like fruits and vegetables.) \u2794<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Je n\u2019aime <strong>ni<\/strong> les fruits <strong>ni<\/strong> les l\u00e9gumes. (I like neither fruits nor vegetables.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il aime travailler ou \u00e9tudier. (He likes to work and study.) \u2794<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019aime <strong>ni<\/strong> travailler <strong>ni<\/strong> \u00e9tudier. (He doesn\u2019t like to work or study.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">When <strong>ni\u2026ni<\/strong> is used to negate a sentence containing indefinite or partitive articles (<strong>un, une, des, du, de la, de l\u2019<\/strong>), these articles disappear in the negative sentence.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle a <strong>un<\/strong> chat et <strong>un<\/strong> chien. (She has a cat and a dog.) \u2794<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle a <strong>ni<\/strong> chat <strong>ni<\/strong> chien. (She has neither cats nor dogs.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Nous buvons <strong>du<\/strong> caf\u00e9 ou <strong>du<\/strong> th\u00e9. (We drink coffee or tea.) \u2794<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Nous ne buvons <strong>ni<\/strong> caf\u00e9 <strong>ni<\/strong> th\u00e9. (We don\u2019t drink coffee or tea.)<\/p>\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/h4>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Read more about\u00a0<a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/www.lawlessfrench.com\/grammar\/negative-conjunctions\/\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lawlessfrench.com\/grammar\/negative-conjunctions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">Negative conjunctions<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Watch\u00a0this video to review\u00a0<a class=\"link-https\" title=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8476EEsCD8I\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8476EEsCD8I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">French negatives<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(b)<strong> Et..et, les deux <\/strong>et<strong> \u00e0 la fois<\/strong> (both\u2026and).<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\"><strong>Et\u2026 et<\/strong> is the possive version of <strong>ni\u2026 ni<\/strong>, and it\u2019s just like the English both\u2026 and.<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il prend <strong>et<\/strong> l\u2019avion <strong>et<\/strong> le train. (He takes both the plane and the train.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">But it can be repeated more than twice, similar to repeating and\u2026and\u2026 in English:<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il aime <strong>et<\/strong> le chocolat, <strong>et<\/strong> les bananes, <strong>et<\/strong> la glace, <strong>et<\/strong> la mayonnaise, <strong>et<\/strong> les frites. (He likes chocolate and bananas and ice cream and mayonnaise and French fries.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">However, <strong>et\u2026et\u2026<\/strong> rarely used everyday French. Here are some more common ways to express the idea of both\u2026and or just both.<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(c)<strong> \u00e0 la fois<\/strong> (\u2248 at the same time).<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Il est <strong>\u00e0 la fois<\/strong> grand et beau. (He is both tall and handsome.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">On l&#8217;admire <strong>\u00e0 la fois<\/strong> pour sa gentillesse et son talent. (She is admired both for her kindness and her talent.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(d)<strong> les deux &amp; tous, toutes les deux<\/strong> (\u2248 the two [of them]).<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Ils viennent <strong>tous les deux<\/strong> (or: <strong>tous deux<\/strong>) au mariage. (They are both coming to the mariage.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Merci \u00e0 vous <strong>deux<\/strong> ! (Thank you both!)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Les<\/strong> <strong>deux<\/strong> th\u00e9ories sont int\u00e9ressantes. (Both theories are interesting.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\"><strong>Les<\/strong> <strong>deux<\/strong> s\u0153urs habite dans ce quartier. (Both sisters live in this neighborhood.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Elle et sa soeur sont gauch\u00e8res <strong>toutes les<\/strong> <strong>deux<\/strong>. (or: \u2026<strong>toutes les deux<\/strong> gauch\u00e8res.) (She and her sister are both left-handed)<\/p>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">(e) There are several other ways to express ideas of &#8220;bothness&#8221; and &#8220;sameness&#8221;, like <strong>ainsi que<\/strong> (e.g., Il est grand ainsi que beau), but this is enough for now.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_4\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"editable\">On pratique !<\/h2>\n<div id=\"section_5\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><b>Activit\u00e9 A<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">Choisissez l\u2019expression correcte.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Il n\u2019y a (aucun, plus) d\u2019argent.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Kyla ne va (toujours, jamais) \u00e0 la banque.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Je n\u2019ai re\u00e7u (aucun,\u00a0\u00a0pas de) cadeau pour mon anniversaire.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Y a-t-il (personne,\u00a0\u00a0quelqu\u2019un) dans la maison ?<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Je ne veux (rien,\u00a0\u00a0jamais) faire ce matin.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">(Personne,\u00a0\u00a0Rien) ne trouve cet homme agr\u00e9able.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Il ne reste (pas,\u00a0qu\u2019) une chose \u00e0 faire.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Maman arrive (jamais,\u00a0toujours) \u00e0 cinq heures.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_6\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><b>Activit\u00e9\u00a0B<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">R\u00e9\u00e9crivez les phrases suivantes en rempla\u00e7ant les mots en italique par la forme n\u00e9gative :<\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Mod\u00e8le :\u00a0Nous avons quelque chose d\u2019int\u00e9ressant. \u2794 Nous n\u2019avons rien d\u2019int\u00e9ressant.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tout le monde est content aujourd\u2019hui.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">On mange du poisson quelquefois.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Les enfants ob\u00e9issent toujours \u00e0 leurs parents.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tout va bien.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Ils ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 nettoy\u00e9 la cuisine.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Ma belle-m\u00e8re aime tout le monde.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Jean fait souvent la f\u00eate.<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">J\u2019ai vu quelqu\u2019un dans le couloir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_7\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\">Activit\u00e9\u00a0C<\/h3>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">R\u00e9pondez \u00e0 chaque question avec <strong>ne\u2026 que.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"mt-indent-1 lt-human-120657\">Mod\u00e8le\u00a0:\u00a0Tu as une voiture ? (v\u00e9lo) Non, je n\u2019ai qu\u2019un v\u00e9lo.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as beaucoup de fr\u00e8res et s\u0153urs ? (une s\u0153ur)<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu \u00e9tudies d\u2019autres langues ? (le fran\u00e7ais)<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as mang\u00e9 des fruits et des l\u00e9gumes aujourd\u2019hui ? (des fruits)<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as visit\u00e9 tous les pays francophones en Europe ? (la Suisse)<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as dix dollars ? (deux dollars)<\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu en as vingt ? (dix-huit)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_8\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><b>Activit\u00e9\u00a0D<\/b><\/h3>\n<p class=\"lt-human-120657\">R\u00e9pondez avec <strong>rien<\/strong> ou <strong>personne<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Est-ce que quelqu\u2019un a t\u00e9l\u00e9phon\u00e9 ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Est-ce que tout est clair ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu as invit\u00e9 des gens ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu vas faire quelque chose ce week-end ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Vous avez quelque chose \u00e0 d\u00e9clarer ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Quelqu\u2019un m\u2019a appel\u00e9e ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"lt-human-120657\">Tu penses que tout a chang\u00e9 ? Non, <span role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Answer Line\">________<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_9\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"editable\">On approfondit !<\/h2>\n<div class=\"box-definition\">\n<div class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"box-legend lt-human-104348 editable\"><span class=\"lt-icon-default\">Ressources\u00a0en ligne<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"lt-human-104333\">Use the following resources\u00a0to\u00a0type accents and\/or search for words:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"link-https\" href=\"https:\/\/french.typeit.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">Accents<\/a>:\u00a0\u00e7,\u00a0\u00e0,\u00a0\u00e9,\u00a0\u00e8,\u00a0\u00e2,\u00a0\u00ea,\u00a0\u00ee,\u00a0\u00f4,\u00a0\u00fb,\u00a0\u00f9,\u00a0\u00eb,\u00a0\u00ef,\u00a0\u00fc<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"link-https\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wordreference.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"external noopener nofollow\">Dictionnaire<\/a>\u00a0fran\u00e7ais-anglais<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_10\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><strong>Exercice 1 : <\/strong>Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/studio.libretexts.org\/h5p\/4551\/embed\">https:\/\/studio.libretexts.org\/h5p\/4551\/embed<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"section_11\" class=\"mt-section\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"editable\"><strong>Exercice\u00a02 : adjectifs ind\u00e9finis (t<\/strong>out)<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/studio.libretexts.org\/h5p\/5807\/embed\">https:\/\/studio.libretexts.org\/h5p\/5807\/embed<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<footer class=\"mt-content-footer\">\n<hr class=\"autoattribution-divider\" \/>\n<div class=\"autoattribution\">\n<p>This page titled <a class=\"internal mt-self-link\" href=\"https:\/\/human.libretexts.org\/Bookshelves\/Languages\/French\/French_OER_2_(Carrasco_Zahedi_and_Parrish)\/07%3A_Unite_7_-_A_table\/7.12%3A_Structure_-_Expressions_affirmatives_et_negatives\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"internal noopener\">7.12: Structure &#8211; Expressions affirmatives et n\u00e9gatives<\/a> is shared under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">CC BY-NC 4.0<\/a> license and was authored, remixed, and\/or curated by <a href=\"https:\/\/www2.palomar.edu\/pages\/worldlanguages\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">William J. 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