{"id":679,"date":"2016-07-29T20:28:12","date_gmt":"2016-07-30T00:28:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots\/?post_type=chapter&p=679"},"modified":"2016-12-14T19:06:16","modified_gmt":"2016-12-15T00:06:16","slug":"%c2%a738-the-latin-suffix-arius-e-ary-arium-er","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots\/chapter\/%c2%a738-the-latin-suffix-arius-e-ary-arium-er\/","title":{"raw":"\u00a738. The Latin suffix -ARIUS (> E -ary, -arium, -er)","rendered":"\u00a738. The Latin suffix -ARIUS (> E -ary, -arium, -er)"},"content":{"raw":"

Occasionally the Latin language attached the suffix -\u0101ri<\/b>us <\/b>to a noun in order to form a 1st and 2nd declension adjective with the usual general meaning, \u201cpertaining to\u201d:<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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rota<\/b> (\u201cwheel\u201d) > rotarius<\/b> > E rotary<\/i>
<\/i>honor<\/b> (\u201chonour\u201d) > honorarius<\/b> > E. honorary<\/i> (and honorarium<\/i>)
ordo<\/b>, ordin-is<\/b> (\u201crank,\u201d \u201corder\u201d) > ordinarius<\/b> > E ordinary<\/i>
<\/i>imago<\/b>, imagin-is<\/b> (\u201clikeness\u201d) > imaginarius <\/b>> E imaginary<\/i><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n

Notice, by the way, that we have already met the adjective ordinalis<\/b>, yet here we find ordinarius<\/b>. It is uncommon in Latin to have two alternative forms like these, and they will usually have arisen at different periods in history. Also, you should realize that it is hard to predict a Latin source for an English word in -ary<\/i>, since this suffix may derive from either -aris<\/b> (military<\/i>) or -arius<\/b> (ordinary<\/i>). Of the two possibilities, -arius<\/b> is by far the more likely original suffix for any word ending in -ary<\/i>.[footnote] Even the Romans apparently found these suffixes confusing: auxilium<\/strong> (\u201chelp\u201d) had two adjective derivatives, auxiliaris<\/strong> and auxiliarius<\/strong>, and E auxiliary<\/em> (= \u201chelpful\u201d) is thought to have derived from the second. The similar English word ancillary<\/em> is derived from ancillaris<\/strong>, \u201clike a maidservant\u201d (ancilla<\/strong>).[\/footnote]<\/p>\r\n

Latin adjectives in -arius<\/b> were sometimes used as masculine or neuter nouns, creating two groups of words that have a good many English derivatives:<\/p>\r\n\r\n

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