{"id":72,"date":"2016-08-01T19:31:35","date_gmt":"2016-08-01T23:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/?post_type=chapter&p=72"},"modified":"2017-07-06T15:49:43","modified_gmt":"2017-07-06T19:49:43","slug":"%c2%a7115-some-noun-forming-suffixes-in-greek","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/chapter\/%c2%a7115-some-noun-forming-suffixes-in-greek\/","title":{"raw":"\u00a7115. Some Noun-forming Suffixes in Greek","rendered":"\u00a7115. Some Noun-forming Suffixes in Greek"},"content":{"raw":"

Though the topic doesn\u2019t logically belong in a chapter on the 3rd declension noun, this may be a convenient place to introduce a few casual comments on noun-forming suffixes in Greek\u2014in this case, suffixes that turn nouns of all three declensions into other nouns.<\/p>\r\n

The 2nd declension neuter suffixes -\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd and -\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (-eion<\/b>, -aion<\/b>) were regularly used in Greek to create derived nouns that meant \u201ca place for.\u201d They correspond in this sense with the Latin nouns in -arium<\/b> that we met in Part I, \u00a738<\/a>. Even though Latin had a way of expressing this concept in its native vocabulary, that language sometimes borrowed Greek forms in -\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd and -\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, adapting them in a predictable fashion as Latin forms in -eum<\/b> and -aeum<\/b>. This may be illustrated as follows:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
G NOUN<\/td>\r\nDERIVATIVE<\/td>\r\nTRANSLIT.<\/td>\r\nENG. MEANING<\/td>\r\nLATIN FORM<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1<\/td>\r\n\u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\r\nMouseion<\/b><\/span><\/td>\r\n\u201ca place for the Muses\u201d<\/td>\r\nMuseum<\/b>
<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u2019\u039f\u03c1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c2<\/td>\r\n\u2019\u039f\u03c1\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\r\nOrpheion<\/b><\/span><\/td>\r\n\u201ca place for Orpheus\u201d<\/td>\r\nOrpheum<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u039c\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\r\n\u039c\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\r\nMaus<\/b>\u014d<\/strong>leion<\/b><\/td>\r\n\u201ca place for Mausolos\u201d[footnote]A tyrant in Caria on the east coast of the Aegean Sea, Mausolos<\/strong> (L Mausolus<\/strong>) became famous in death for his magnificent tomb in Halicarnassus (ca. 350 bc). One of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world, this monument gave our language a generalized term for a grandiose tomb\u2014mausoleum<\/em>.[\/footnote]<\/td>\r\nMausoleum<\/b>
<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\r\n[\u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd]<\/td>\r\n[Kolosseion<\/b>]<\/td>\r\n\u201cplace for the Colossus\u201d[footnote]The Colossus of Rhodes, a gigantic statue of Apollo erected ca. 280 BC, was another of the Seven Wonders of antiquity. The word \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd was not used in ancient Greek, but is the hypothetical source of the Latin word Colosseum<\/strong>, applied eventually to the huge Flavian Amphitheatre in Rome (ca. 80 AD). The historically correct spelling is Colosseum<\/em>, but the form Coliseum<\/em> has become an acceptable alternate.[\/footnote]<\/td>\r\nColosseum<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u2019\u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b7<\/td>\r\n\u2019\u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\r\nAth<\/b>\u0113<\/strong>naion<\/b><\/td>\r\n\u201ca place for Athena\u201d<\/td>\r\nAthenaeum<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

There is no need to devote much space to the topic of Greek DIMINUTIVES<\/b>, as we did in Latin (Part I, Chapter 7<\/a>). That is not because the diminutive was unimportant in Greek; on the contrary, ancient Greek was very rich in suffixes that could connote smallness or endearment. The reason why the question can be summarily treated is because Greek diminutives have had a very minor effect on English vocabulary. One such suffix was -\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (-ion<\/b>), which appears in G \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4-\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u201clittle foot\u201d), regularly adapted as L podium<\/b>, our English podium<\/i>. If you are interested in musical theory, look up the etymology of the Italian term appoggiatura <\/i>(< Vulgar Latin *appodiare<\/b>), which involves a little step. Another Greek diminutive suffix was -\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, the origin of the -isk<\/i> in asterisk<\/i> (\u1f00\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1, \u1f00\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, star; \u1f00\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, \u201clittle star\u201d). This suffix explains the etymology of obelisk<\/i> (\u201clittle spit\u201d), which today is either a tapered pillar or a reference mark (\u2020).<\/p>","rendered":"

Though the topic doesn\u2019t logically belong in a chapter on the 3rd declension noun, this may be a convenient place to introduce a few casual comments on noun-forming suffixes in Greek\u2014in this case, suffixes that turn nouns of all three declensions into other nouns.<\/p>\n

The 2nd declension neuter suffixes -\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd and -\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (-eion<\/b>, –aion<\/b>) were regularly used in Greek to create derived nouns that meant \u201ca place for.\u201d They correspond in this sense with the Latin nouns in –arium<\/b> that we met in Part I, \u00a738<\/a>. Even though Latin had a way of expressing this concept in its native vocabulary, that language sometimes borrowed Greek forms in -\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd and -\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd, adapting them in a predictable fashion as Latin forms in –eum<\/b> and –aeum<\/b>. This may be illustrated as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
G NOUN<\/td>\nDERIVATIVE<\/td>\nTRANSLIT.<\/td>\nENG. MEANING<\/td>\nLATIN FORM<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1<\/td>\n\u039c\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\nMouseion<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u201ca place for the Muses\u201d<\/td>\nMuseum<\/b>
<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2019\u039f\u03c1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c2<\/td>\n\u2019\u039f\u03c1\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\nOrpheion<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u201ca place for Orpheus\u201d<\/td>\nOrpheum<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u039c\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\n\u039c\u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\nMaus<\/b>\u014d<\/strong>leion<\/b><\/td>\n\u201ca place for Mausolos\u201d[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/td>\nMausoleum<\/b>
<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\n[\u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd]<\/td>\n[Kolosseion<\/b>]<\/td>\n\u201cplace for the Colossus\u201d[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/td>\nColosseum<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u2019\u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b7<\/td>\n\u2019\u0391\u03b8\u03b7\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\nAth<\/b>\u0113<\/strong>naion<\/b><\/td>\n\u201ca place for Athena\u201d<\/td>\nAthenaeum<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

There is no need to devote much space to the topic of Greek DIMINUTIVES<\/b>, as we did in Latin (Part I, Chapter 7<\/a>). That is not because the diminutive was unimportant in Greek; on the contrary, ancient Greek was very rich in suffixes that could connote smallness or endearment. The reason why the question can be summarily treated is because Greek diminutives have had a very minor effect on English vocabulary. One such suffix was -\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (-ion<\/b>), which appears in G \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4-\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd (\u201clittle foot\u201d), regularly adapted as L podium<\/b>, our English podium<\/i>. If you are interested in musical theory, look up the etymology of the Italian term appoggiatura <\/i>(< Vulgar Latin *appodiare<\/b>), which involves a little step. Another Greek diminutive suffix was -\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, the origin of the -isk<\/i> in asterisk<\/i> (\u1f00\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1, \u1f00\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2, star; \u1f00\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1-\u03b9\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2, \u201clittle star\u201d). This suffix explains the etymology of obelisk<\/i> (\u201clittle spit\u201d), which today is either a tapered pillar or a reference mark (\u2020).<\/p>\n

  1. A tyrant in Caria on the east coast of the Aegean Sea, Mausolos<\/strong> (L Mausolus<\/strong>) became famous in death for his magnificent tomb in Halicarnassus (ca. 350 bc). One of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world, this monument gave our language a generalized term for a grandiose tomb\u2014mausoleum<\/em>. ↵<\/a><\/li>
  2. The Colossus of Rhodes, a gigantic statue of Apollo erected ca. 280 BC, was another of the Seven Wonders of antiquity. The word \u039a\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd was not used in ancient Greek, but is the hypothetical source of the Latin word Colosseum<\/strong>, applied eventually to the huge Flavian Amphitheatre in Rome (ca. 80 AD). The historically correct spelling is Colosseum<\/em>, but the form Coliseum<\/em> has become an acceptable alternate. ↵<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":20,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"Chapter 18: The Greek Noun (Declension 3)","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[52],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-72","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":67,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":568,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72\/revisions\/568"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/67"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/72\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=72"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=72"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=72"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=72"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}