{"id":74,"date":"2016-08-01T19:32:25","date_gmt":"2016-08-01T23:32:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/?post_type=chapter&p=74"},"modified":"2016-12-05T18:54:51","modified_gmt":"2016-12-05T23:54:51","slug":"%c2%a7116-interesting-words","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/chapter\/%c2%a7116-interesting-words\/","title":{"raw":"\u00a7116. Interesting Words","rendered":"\u00a7116. Interesting Words"},"content":{"raw":"

The word hydraulic<\/i> combines the noun base hydr-<\/b> (\u201cwater\u201d) with the noun base aul- <\/b>(\u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u201cpipe\u201d), adding the standard -\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 suffix. (An \u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 was also a pipe played by a musician\u2014a kind of ancient double oboe.) In Canadian usage, hydro<\/i> has become a virtual synonym for electricity<\/i>; the second element of hydro-electric<\/i> is derived from \u1f20\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, Greek for \u201camber\u201d (a substance in which static electricity was first observed).[footnote]Greek \u1f20\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd appears in English in three separate forms: electron<\/em>, electrum<\/em> (Latin spelling), and electre<\/em> (French spelling). The first term has been adopted by physics, the last two by metallurgy.[\/footnote] The term hydrophobia<\/i> was commonly used as another name for rabies, because those who are afflicted with this disease suffer convulsions if they try to swallow water. Browse in your dictionary to discover many other English words that begin with hydr-.<\/i><\/p>\r\n

Biologists will recognize \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 as the source of many names that end in -pod<\/i>. A ga<\/i>stropod<\/i> (gastr-o-pod), <\/i>logically enough, is a \u201cstomach foot\u201d; this is a class of molluscs that includes snails, slugs, and limpets. A cephalopod<\/i> (e.g., squid, octopus, cuttlefish) has \u201cfeet on its head.\u201d An arthropod<\/i> is an animal with an articulated foot (< \u1f00\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, \u201cjoint\u201d); the phylum Arthropoda<\/i> includes insects, arachnids (spiders) and crustaceans. The octopus<\/i> just mentioned is a Latinized adaptation of \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9-\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u201ceight-feet.\u201d The Greek form of this word makes it obvious why one should not pluralize octopus<\/i> as octopi<\/i>\u2014though that incorrect plural is gaining respectability in English. The legendary Greek hero Oedipus (\u039f\u1f30\u03b4\u03b9-\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) had a name that was generally thought to mean \u201cSwollen-Foot\u201d (he suffered from a limp, the result of a mysterious childhood injury). In his tragedy Oedipus<\/i> Tyrannos<\/i> (\u039f\u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a4\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2), Sophocles puns upon the hero\u2019s name, suggesting that the real etymology may be \u201cKnow-Foot.\u201d If Oedipus acquires true self-knowledge, he will realize that the secret of his identity is to be found in his own foot, deformed when he was abandoned in infancy by his parents, the King and Queen of Thebes.<\/p>\r\n

An acropolis<\/i> (\u201ctop city\u201d) was a Greek fortified hill, and a necropolis<\/i> (\u201ccorpse-city\u201d) was an ancient cemetery. A metropolis<\/i> was a \u201cmother-city\u201d (\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1-) that continued to play a protective role toward its colony or colonies; the meaning has changed today, of course. A cosmopolis<\/i> is a \u201cworld-city,\u201d and a cosmopolite<\/i> (\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, kosm-o-poli-t<\/b>\u0113<\/strong>s<\/b>) a \u201ccitizen of the world.\u201d We heard that Japan had planned a utopian city in the sky, to be known as Aeropolis 2001<\/i>. This excellent Greek coinage is offset, unfortunately, by another less happily named Japanese utopian community that was apparently to be called Undergroundopolis<\/i>.<\/p>","rendered":"

The word hydraulic<\/i> combines the noun base hydr-<\/b> (\u201cwater\u201d) with the noun base aul- <\/b>(\u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2, \u201cpipe\u201d), adding the standard -\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 suffix. (An \u03b1\u1f50\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 was also a pipe played by a musician\u2014a kind of ancient double oboe.) In Canadian usage, hydro<\/i> has become a virtual synonym for electricity<\/i>; the second element of hydro-electric<\/i> is derived from \u1f20\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, Greek for \u201camber\u201d (a substance in which static electricity was first observed).[1]<\/sup><\/a> The term hydrophobia<\/i> was commonly used as another name for rabies, because those who are afflicted with this disease suffer convulsions if they try to swallow water. Browse in your dictionary to discover many other English words that begin with hydr-.<\/i><\/p>\n

Biologists will recognize \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 as the source of many names that end in -pod<\/i>. A ga<\/i>stropod<\/i> (gastr-o-pod), <\/i>logically enough, is a \u201cstomach foot\u201d; this is a class of molluscs that includes snails, slugs, and limpets. A cephalopod<\/i> (e.g., squid, octopus, cuttlefish) has \u201cfeet on its head.\u201d An arthropod<\/i> is an animal with an articulated foot (< \u1f00\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd, \u201cjoint\u201d); the phylum Arthropoda<\/i> includes insects, arachnids (spiders) and crustaceans. The octopus<\/i> just mentioned is a Latinized adaptation of \u1f40\u03ba\u03c4\u03c9-\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u201ceight-feet.\u201d The Greek form of this word makes it obvious why one should not pluralize octopus<\/i> as octopi<\/i>\u2014though that incorrect plural is gaining respectability in English. The legendary Greek hero Oedipus (\u039f\u1f30\u03b4\u03b9-\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2) had a name that was generally thought to mean \u201cSwollen-Foot\u201d (he suffered from a limp, the result of a mysterious childhood injury). In his tragedy Oedipus<\/i> Tyrannos<\/i> (\u039f\u1f30\u03b4\u03b9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03a4\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2), Sophocles puns upon the hero\u2019s name, suggesting that the real etymology may be \u201cKnow-Foot.\u201d If Oedipus acquires true self-knowledge, he will realize that the secret of his identity is to be found in his own foot, deformed when he was abandoned in infancy by his parents, the King and Queen of Thebes.<\/p>\n

An acropolis<\/i> (\u201ctop city\u201d) was a Greek fortified hill, and a necropolis<\/i> (\u201ccorpse-city\u201d) was an ancient cemetery. A metropolis<\/i> was a \u201cmother-city\u201d (\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03c1-) that continued to play a protective role toward its colony or colonies; the meaning has changed today, of course. A cosmopolis<\/i> is a \u201cworld-city,\u201d and a cosmopolite<\/i> (\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, kosm-o-poli-t<\/b>\u0113<\/strong>s<\/b>) a \u201ccitizen of the world.\u201d We heard that Japan had planned a utopian city in the sky, to be known as Aeropolis 2001<\/i>. This excellent Greek coinage is offset, unfortunately, by another less happily named Japanese utopian community that was apparently to be called Undergroundopolis<\/i>.<\/p>\n

  1. Greek \u1f20\u03bb\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd appears in English in three separate forms: electron<\/em>, electrum<\/em> (Latin spelling), and electre<\/em> (French spelling). The first term has been adopted by physics, the last two by metallurgy. ↵<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":20,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"Chapter 18: The Greek Noun (Declension 3)","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[52],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-74","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":67,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/74","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/74\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":530,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/74\/revisions\/530"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/67"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/74\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=74"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=74"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=74"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}