{"id":98,"date":"2016-08-01T19:44:28","date_gmt":"2016-08-01T23:44:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/?post_type=chapter&p=98"},"modified":"2017-07-06T16:17:52","modified_gmt":"2017-07-06T20:17:52","slug":"%c2%a7128-the-metric-system","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/chapter\/%c2%a7128-the-metric-system\/","title":{"raw":"\u00a7128. The Metric System","rendered":"\u00a7128. The Metric System"},"content":{"raw":"

The METRIC SYSTEM was developed in France during the decade that followed the French Revolution (1790-1799); the terminology was all drawn from Greek or Latin. The SYST\u00c8ME INTERNATIONAL (SI) is a 20th century refinement and extension of metric, formally approved in 1960; its terminology goes beyond Greek and Latin. An excellent summary can be found in the Encyclopedia<\/i> Britannica<\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Some original metric measures:<\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
length<\/i><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/td>\r\nMETRE<\/b><\/td>\r\n(< G \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd): originally defined as \u201cone ten-millionth part of a meridional quadrant of the earth\u201d (the quadrant of the earth\u2019s circumference running from the North Pole through Paris to the equator)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
area<\/i><\/span><\/b><\/td>\r\nARE<\/b><\/td>\r\n(< L area<\/b>): 10 m x 10 m (= 100 m2<\/sup>)\r\nHECTARE (100 ares): 100 m x 100 m (= 10,000 m2<\/sup>)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
mass<\/i><\/span><\/b><\/td>\r\nGRAM<\/b><\/td>\r\n(< Late L gramma<\/b>, \u201csmall weight\u201d < G \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1): 1 cc of distilled water at maximum density (4\u00b0C), weighed in vacuo<\/i><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
volume<\/i><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/td>\r\nLITRE<\/b><\/td>\r\n(< ML litra<\/b> < G \u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1, \u201ca measure\u201d): a cube 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm (1,000 cc); thus l litre of pure water has a mass of 1 kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
<\/td>\r\nSTERE<\/b><\/td>\r\n(< G \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2): 1 cubic metre, or a cube 100 cm x 100 cm; thus 1 stere is equivalent to 1 kilolitre.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

Prefixes in SI Measurement:<\/b><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
<\/td>\r\nMultiple<\/em><\/td>\r\nPrefix<\/em><\/td>\r\nSymbol<\/em><\/td>\r\nEtymology<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
trillion<\/span><\/td>\r\n1012<\/sup><\/td>\r\ntera-<\/b><\/td>\r\nT<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\r\n\"monster\"<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
billion<\/td>\r\n109<\/sup><\/td>\r\ngiga-<\/b><\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\r\n\"giant\"<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
million<\/td>\r\n106<\/sup><\/td>\r\nmega-<\/b><\/td>\r\nM<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\r\n\"big\"<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
thousand<\/td>\r\n103<\/sup><\/td>\r\nkilo-<\/b><\/td>\r\nk<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
hundred<\/td>\r\n102<\/sup><\/td>\r\nhecto-<\/b><\/td>\r\nh<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
ten<\/td>\r\n10<\/td>\r\ndeka-<\/b><\/td>\r\nda<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
<\/td>\r\n\u00a0Submultiple<\/em><\/td>\r\nPrefix<\/em><\/td>\r\nSymbol<\/em><\/td>\r\nEtymology<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
tenth<\/td>\r\n10-1<\/sup><\/td>\r\ndeci-<\/b><\/td>\r\nd<\/td>\r\nL<\/td>\r\ndecem<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
hundredth<\/td>\r\n10-2<\/sup><\/td>\r\ncenti-<\/b><\/td>\r\nc<\/td>\r\nL<\/td>\r\ncentum<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
thousandth<\/td>\r\n10-3<\/sup><\/td>\r\nmilli-<\/b><\/td>\r\nm<\/td>\r\nL<\/td>\r\nmille<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
millionth<\/td>\r\n10-6<\/sup><\/td>\r\nmicro-<\/b><\/td>\r\n\u03bc<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\r\nsmall<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
billionth<\/td>\r\n10-9<\/sup><\/td>\r\nnano-<\/b><\/span><\/td>\r\nn<\/td>\r\nG<\/td>\r\n\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\r\ndwarf<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
trillionth<\/td>\r\n10-12<\/sup><\/td>\r\npico-<\/b><\/td>\r\np<\/td>\r\nIt.<\/td>\r\npiccolo<\/em> (?)<\/td>\r\nsmall<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
quadrillionth<\/td>\r\n10-15<\/sup><\/td>\r\nfemto-<\/b><\/td>\r\nf<\/td>\r\nDan.\/Norw.<\/td>\r\nfemten<\/em> (15)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
quintillionth<\/td>\r\n10-18<\/sup><\/td>\r\natto-<\/b><\/td>\r\na<\/td>\r\nDan.\/Norw.<\/td>\r\natten<\/em> (18)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>","rendered":"

The METRIC SYSTEM was developed in France during the decade that followed the French Revolution (1790-1799); the terminology was all drawn from Greek or Latin. The SYST\u00c8ME INTERNATIONAL (SI) is a 20th century refinement and extension of metric, formally approved in 1960; its terminology goes beyond Greek and Latin. An excellent summary can be found in the Encyclopedia<\/i> Britannica<\/i><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Some original metric measures:<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
length<\/i><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/td>\nMETRE<\/b><\/td>\n(< G \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd): originally defined as \u201cone ten-millionth part of a meridional quadrant of the earth\u201d (the quadrant of the earth\u2019s circumference running from the North Pole through Paris to the equator)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
area<\/i><\/span><\/b><\/td>\nARE<\/b><\/td>\n(< L area<\/b>): 10 m x 10 m (= 100 m2<\/sup>)
\nHECTARE (100 ares): 100 m x 100 m (= 10,000 m2<\/sup>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
mass<\/i><\/span><\/b><\/td>\nGRAM<\/b><\/td>\n(< Late L gramma<\/b>, \u201csmall weight\u201d < G \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1): 1 cc of distilled water at maximum density (4\u00b0C), weighed in vacuo<\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
volume<\/i><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/td>\nLITRE<\/b><\/td>\n(< ML litra<\/b> < G \u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1, \u201ca measure\u201d): a cube 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm (1,000 cc); thus l litre of pure water has a mass of 1 kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nSTERE<\/b><\/td>\n(< G \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03bf\u03c2): 1 cubic metre, or a cube 100 cm x 100 cm; thus 1 stere is equivalent to 1 kilolitre.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Prefixes in SI Measurement:<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nMultiple<\/em><\/td>\nPrefix<\/em><\/td>\nSymbol<\/em><\/td>\nEtymology<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
trillion<\/span><\/td>\n1012<\/sup><\/td>\ntera-<\/b><\/td>\nT<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n“monster”<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
billion<\/td>\n109<\/sup><\/td>\ngiga-<\/b><\/td>\nG<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u03b3\u03b9\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n“giant”<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
million<\/td>\n106<\/sup><\/td>\nmega-<\/b><\/td>\nM<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03c2<\/td>\n“big”<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
thousand<\/td>\n103<\/sup><\/td>\nkilo-<\/b><\/td>\nk<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hundred<\/td>\n102<\/sup><\/td>\nhecto-<\/b><\/td>\nh<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u1f11\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ten<\/td>\n10<\/td>\ndeka-<\/b><\/td>\nda<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\u00a0Submultiple<\/em><\/td>\nPrefix<\/em><\/td>\nSymbol<\/em><\/td>\nEtymology<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tenth<\/td>\n10-1<\/sup><\/td>\ndeci-<\/b><\/td>\nd<\/td>\nL<\/td>\ndecem<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
hundredth<\/td>\n10-2<\/sup><\/td>\ncenti-<\/b><\/td>\nc<\/td>\nL<\/td>\ncentum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
thousandth<\/td>\n10-3<\/sup><\/td>\nmilli-<\/b><\/td>\nm<\/td>\nL<\/td>\nmille<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
millionth<\/td>\n10-6<\/sup><\/td>\nmicro-<\/b><\/td>\n\u03bc<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\nsmall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
billionth<\/td>\n10-9<\/sup><\/td>\nnano-<\/b><\/span><\/td>\nn<\/td>\nG<\/td>\n\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2<\/td>\ndwarf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
trillionth<\/td>\n10-12<\/sup><\/td>\npico-<\/b><\/td>\np<\/td>\nIt.<\/td>\npiccolo<\/em> (?)<\/td>\nsmall<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
quadrillionth<\/td>\n10-15<\/sup><\/td>\nfemto-<\/b><\/td>\nf<\/td>\nDan.\/Norw.<\/td>\nfemten<\/em> (15)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
quintillionth<\/td>\n10-18<\/sup><\/td>\natto-<\/b><\/td>\na<\/td>\nDan.\/Norw.<\/td>\natten<\/em> (18)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"Chapter 20: Numerals in Greek and Latin","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[52],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-98","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":89,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/98","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/98\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":572,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/98\/revisions\/572"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/89"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/98\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=98"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=98"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/greeklatinroots2\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=98"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}