{"id":726,"date":"2020-02-21T16:13:37","date_gmt":"2020-02-21T21:13:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/?post_type=chapter&p=726"},"modified":"2024-08-02T09:52:57","modified_gmt":"2024-08-02T13:52:57","slug":"key-takeaways-13","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/chapter\/key-takeaways-13\/","title":{"raw":"Key Takeaways","rendered":"Key Takeaways"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n

Key Takeaways<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n
\r\n
    \r\n \t
  • Unobtrusive research <\/em><\/strong>refers to methods of collecting data that do not interfere with the subjects under study (because these methods are not obtrusive). It is a cost-effective way to do research and more forgiving of mistakes; however, there can be potential problems with validity, limitations in the data availability, and difficulty in accounting for social context.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • The Hawthorne effect<\/em><\/strong>, which is the effect of the researchers on the participants, is not a concern with unobtrusive measures because researchers do not interact directly with their research participants.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Primary data sources <\/em><\/strong>are original data sources, whereas secondary data sources <\/em><\/strong>are those that have already been analyzed.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Physical traces <\/em><\/strong>are those materials that are left by humans and the material artifacts that tell us something about their beliefs, values, or norms.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • There are two types of physical trace materials. Erosion <\/em><\/strong>refers to the wearing away or removal of material because of a physical activity (e.g. a worn foot path). On the other hand, accretion <\/em><\/strong>is the building up of material because of physical activity (e.g., a pile of garbage).<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Archival measures <\/em><\/strong>are hard copy documents or records, including written or taped-recorded material, photographs, newspaper, books, magazines, diaries, and letters. Webpages are also a source of archival measures and can include documents, images, videos, and audio files in addition to written materials.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Stability <\/em><\/strong>is an issue in unobtrusive research when the results of coding by the same person vary across different time period.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Reproducibility <\/em><\/strong>means that one coder\u2019s results are the same as other coders\u2019 results for the same text.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Accuracy <\/em><\/strong>refers to the extent to which one\u2019s coding procedures correspond to some pre-existing standard.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Ethnomethodologists <\/em><\/strong>study everyday reality and how people produce those realities through their presentations of self and interactions with others.<\/li>\r\n \t
  • Conversation analysis<\/em><\/strong> is considered a more formal ethnomethodological approach. It focuses specifically on the dynamics of talk.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
    \n
    \n

    Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n
    \n
      \n
    • Unobtrusive research <\/em><\/strong>refers to methods of collecting data that do not interfere with the subjects under study (because these methods are not obtrusive). It is a cost-effective way to do research and more forgiving of mistakes; however, there can be potential problems with validity, limitations in the data availability, and difficulty in accounting for social context.<\/li>\n
    • The Hawthorne effect<\/em><\/strong>, which is the effect of the researchers on the participants, is not a concern with unobtrusive measures because researchers do not interact directly with their research participants.<\/li>\n
    • Primary data sources <\/em><\/strong>are original data sources, whereas secondary data sources <\/em><\/strong>are those that have already been analyzed.<\/li>\n
    • Physical traces <\/em><\/strong>are those materials that are left by humans and the material artifacts that tell us something about their beliefs, values, or norms.<\/li>\n
    • There are two types of physical trace materials. Erosion <\/em><\/strong>refers to the wearing away or removal of material because of a physical activity (e.g. a worn foot path). On the other hand, accretion <\/em><\/strong>is the building up of material because of physical activity (e.g., a pile of garbage).<\/li>\n
    • Archival measures <\/em><\/strong>are hard copy documents or records, including written or taped-recorded material, photographs, newspaper, books, magazines, diaries, and letters. Webpages are also a source of archival measures and can include documents, images, videos, and audio files in addition to written materials.<\/li>\n
    • Stability <\/em><\/strong>is an issue in unobtrusive research when the results of coding by the same person vary across different time period.<\/li>\n
    • Reproducibility <\/em><\/strong>means that one coder\u2019s results are the same as other coders\u2019 results for the same text.<\/li>\n
    • Accuracy <\/em><\/strong>refers to the extent to which one\u2019s coding procedures correspond to some pre-existing standard.<\/li>\n
    • Ethnomethodologists <\/em><\/strong>study everyday reality and how people produce those realities through their presentations of self and interactions with others.<\/li>\n
    • Conversation analysis<\/em><\/strong> is considered a more formal ethnomethodological approach. It focuses specifically on the dynamics of talk.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-726","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":531,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/726\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1178,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/726\/revisions\/1178"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/531"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/726\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=726"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=726"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=726"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/jibcresearchmethods\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}