{"id":101,"date":"2023-01-19T17:08:01","date_gmt":"2023-01-19T22:08:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/chapter\/the-metric-system\/"},"modified":"2025-07-04T18:12:48","modified_gmt":"2025-07-04T22:12:48","slug":"the-metric-system","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/chapter\/the-metric-system\/","title":{"raw":"Topic C: The Metric System","rendered":"Topic C: The Metric System"},"content":{"raw":"When you measure something, you are <strong>comparing<\/strong>. Measurement is comparing something with a <strong>standard unit of measure<\/strong>.\r\n\r\nIn the past, units of measure were based on things found in a community. Often, lengths of parts of the body were used to measure:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Inch: the width of a thumb<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Span: the distance from tip of thumb to tip of little finger when the hand is spread out<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Foot: the distance from big toe to heel of foot<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Yard (becomes \u201crod): the distance from tip of nose to tip of thumb of an outstretched hand and arm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cubit: the distance from the tip of the middle finger to the elbow<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Fathom: the distance from the tip of one hand to the tip of the other with both arms stretched out<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Mile: 1000 military double steps in the Roman army (<em>mile passuum<\/em> means \"1000 paces\")<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nThe problem with these units was the distances would be different based on the size of the person doing the measuring. The problem grew even more when trade was started between cities.\r\n\r\nOver a long period of time, people in different countries came up with different standard units of measure.\r\n\r\nThe British came up with <strong>imperial units <\/strong>such as inch, foot, yard and mile.\r\n\r\nThe French came up with <strong>metric units <\/strong>such as metre, centimetre, litre and gram. In Canada, we use both metric and imperial units.\r\n<h1>Measuring Length<\/h1>\r\nThe basic unit of measure for length is the <strong>metre <\/strong>(abbreviation <strong>m<\/strong>). If you stretch your arm straight out beside you, a <strong>metre <\/strong>is about the distance from the tip of your nose to the tip of your middle finger.\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 1<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nConsider the following distances. Answer yes or no if you would use a metre to measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n\r\n<strong>Example:<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The length of a table - Yes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The width of your watchband - No<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>length of your classroom<\/li>\r\n \t<li>thickness of a piece of paper<\/li>\r\n \t<li>length of your pen or pencil<\/li>\r\n \t<li>height of the door<\/li>\r\n \t<li>distance from Prince George to Fort Nelson<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the width of your baby finger<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the size of a postage stamp<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the thickness of a quarter<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the length of the hallway outside your classroom<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the distance from your home to college<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the height of your coffee mug<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the width of your book<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the distance from your home to Moncton, New Brunswick<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the length of a city bus<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 1<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>yes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>yes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>yes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>no<\/li>\r\n \t<li>yes<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 2<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nEstimate the length of each item. Remember a metre is about the distance from the tip of your nose to the tip of your middle finger when your arm is stretched out beside you. Be sure to include the unit of measure in your answer. Have your instructor check your work.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>the height of the doorway<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the height of your table<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the width of the doorway<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the length of your arm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the distance from the floor to hip<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the distance from the floor to waist<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the height of the ceiling<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the width of the window<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the length of your classroom<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the width of your classroom<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 3<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nCircle the most reasonable measure. Remember a metre is about the distance from the tip of your nose to the tip of your middle finger when your arm is stretched out beside you. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>A person's height\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>2m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>200m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The height of a child\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>10 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>100 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The length of a house\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>150 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>15 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The length of a bed\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>200 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The height of a building\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>1 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>100 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>10 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The height of a refrigerator\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>20 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>200 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 3<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Measuring Small Lengths and Long Distances<\/h1>\r\nIt is hard to measure small things using a metre.\u00a0 To measure small things, you can use <strong>centimetre (cm) or millimetre (mm)<\/strong>.\r\n\r\nA <strong>centimetre (cm) <\/strong>is about the width of your baby finger. Remember it is just a guide. A <strong>millimetre (mm) <\/strong>is about the thickness of your fingernail.\r\n\r\nIt is hard to measure long distances using a metre. To measure long distances, you can use <strong>kilometre (km). <\/strong>A kilometre is 1000 metres.\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 4<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFor each item, circle the unit of measure you would use. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\r\n<td>the width of a room<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\r\n<td>the thickness of a coin<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\r\n<td>the length of your pencil<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\r\n<td>the length of the hall<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\r\n<td>the length of this page<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\r\n<td>the length of a screw<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\r\n<td>the height of your cup<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\r\n<td>the length of a bus<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\r\n<td>the thickness of a window pane<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\r\n<td>the width of a chair<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 4<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 5<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFor each item, circle the letter of the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>The width of a doorway\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>50 mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>50 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The length of your pencil\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>20 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20 mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20 cm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The height of a tall building\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>1 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>100 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>10 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The height of a refrigerator\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>20 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>200 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The diameter of a quarter\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>24 mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>24 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>24 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The height of the kitchen counter\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>9 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>9 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>90 cm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The distance around your wrist\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>15 mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>15 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>15 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The width of a small TV screen\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>28 mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>128 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>28 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The length of a car\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>5 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 mm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The height of a bookcase\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>2 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 5<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 6<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFill in the blank with the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>Most hand held calculators are about 15 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The CN Tower in Toronto is 555 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> tall.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Many young men have an 80 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> waist.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Computer monitor screens are 28 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> wide.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The handle of a hammer is 20 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A table is about 65 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The seat of a chair is about 30 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> above the floor.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The window is about 3 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A roll of tape is about 13 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> wide.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A rope is about 7 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> thick.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 6<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Measuring Capacity (Volume)<\/h1>\r\nVolume is a measure of how much space something takes up. The basic unit of measure for volume is the <strong>Litre (L)<\/strong>.\r\n\r\nCan you think of two things that we buy in litres?\u00a0 We buy gasoline and milk in litres.\r\n\r\nWe use <strong>millilitres (mL) <\/strong>to measure small volumes. For example, a small cup of coffee is about 180 mL.\u00a0 Can you think of two things we buy in mL?\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 7<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWrite the unit of measure you would use to measure each item (L or mL). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>Bottle of pop<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gasoline<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Car window wash<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Can of beans<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Large bottle of juice<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Liquid dish soap<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cough syrup<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Mixing bowls<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ketchup<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Shampoo<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Vinegar<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Bathtub<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Ice cube tray<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Paint<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 7<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mL or L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mL or L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 8<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nCircle the letter of the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>A can of soup\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>3 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>30 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>300 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A large container of ice cream\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>5 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>500 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>50L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A hot water heater\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>200 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>50 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>200 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A cup of tea\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>18 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>180 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>218 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A garbage can\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>120 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>120 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>12 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A saucepan\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>2 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A dose of cough syrup\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>40 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>40 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The gas tank of a car\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>500 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>50 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A jar of mustard\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>150 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>15 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>15 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A large mixing bowl\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>6 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>60 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>6 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 8<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Measuring Mass<\/h1>\r\nMass is a measure of matter in something. The basic unit of measure for mass is the <strong>gram (g)<\/strong>.\u00a0 We buy sliced meats, bulk food, spices and cereal in grams.\r\n\r\nWe use <strong>kilogram (kg) <\/strong>to measure the mass of large things such as cars, people, flour and sugar.\u00a0 Can you think of two things that we buy in kilograms?\r\n\r\nWe use <strong>milligram (mg) <\/strong>to measure the mass of small things such as medicine or vitamins. A <strong>milligram <\/strong>is very small.\u00a0 Can you think of two things that we buy in milligrams?\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 9<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nCircle the unit of measure you would use to measure each item. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 465px\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Pasta<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Vitamin C<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Peanut butter<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Flour<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Nails<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Dry dog food<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Rice<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Cookies<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Apples<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Spices<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">k)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Cement<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">l)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Medicine tablets<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">m)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">The family pet<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">n)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">A coin<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 9<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>g or kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>g or kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>g<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 10<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nCircle the letter of the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>A nickel\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>5 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>50 g<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A small television\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>8 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>8 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>80 g<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A flashlight battery\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>8 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>8 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>80 g<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A baby\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>30 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>300 kg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A dinner fork\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>50 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 kg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A slice of bread\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>2 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 kg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A sugar cube\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>2 mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 g<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A refrigerator\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>120 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>120 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>12 kg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A bag of potatoes\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>5 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>50 mg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A car\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>100 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1000 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>10 kg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A chocolate bar\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>300 mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>300 mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>300 g<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A back pack\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>12 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>12 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>12 mg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 10<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i or iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Metric Prefixes<\/h1>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">In the metric system a prefix is used to tell if something is large or small. A <strong>prefix <\/strong>is a part of a word that is added to the start of word to change the meaning.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The base units of measure in the metric system are the <strong>metre (m), litre (L) and gram (g)<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\nIf the prefix <strong>kilo <\/strong>is added to one of the base units of measures, such as kilometre or kilogram, you know that these are large amounts.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A <strong>kilometre <\/strong>is 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> metres.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A <strong>kilogram <\/strong>is 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> grams.<\/p>\r\nIf the prefix <strong>centi or milli <\/strong>is added to one of the base units of measure, such as centimetre or milligram, you know that these are small amounts.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">It takes 100 <strong>centimetres <\/strong>to make a metre. It takes 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> <strong>milligrams <\/strong>to make a gram.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.1922%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Measures<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 22.4199%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Large<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 15.8363%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Base<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 45.5516%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Small<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Length<\/td>\r\n<td>kilometre (km)<\/td>\r\n<td>metre (m)<\/td>\r\n<td>centimetre (cm) millimetre (mm)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Volume<\/td>\r\n<td><\/td>\r\n<td>litre (L)<\/td>\r\n<td>millilitre (mL)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>Mass<\/td>\r\n<td>kilogram (kg)<\/td>\r\n<td>gram (g)<\/td>\r\n<td>milligram (mg)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 11<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWrite large, small or base on the line.\u00a0 Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>kilometre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>millimetre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>metre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>gram <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>litre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>millimetre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>milligram <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>kilogram <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>centimetre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 11<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>large<\/li>\r\n \t<li>small<\/li>\r\n \t<li>base<\/li>\r\n \t<li>base<\/li>\r\n \t<li>base<\/li>\r\n \t<li>small<\/li>\r\n \t<li>small<\/li>\r\n \t<li>large<\/li>\r\n \t<li>small<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 12<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWrite the base unit of measure and then the prefix if one is needed. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 465px\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Item<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Base<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Prefix (if needed)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Height of a tree<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A bottle of vanilla<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A cold tablet<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Distance between Vancouver and Toronto<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Thickness of a piece of paper<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Length of your foot<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Length of a piece of lumber<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A bottle of hand lotion<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A granola bar<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Diameter of a DVD<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">k)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Mass of a book<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">l)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Water in a hot tub<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">m)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Distance around the Earth<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">n)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Gap in a spark plug<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 12<\/strong>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"height: 465px;width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Item<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Base<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Prefix (if needed)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Height of a tree<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A bottle of vanilla<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">L<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A cold tablet<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">g<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Distance between Vancouver and Toronto<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">kilo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Thickness of a piece of paper<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Length of your foot<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">centi<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Length of a piece of lumber<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A bottle of hand lotion<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">L<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A granola bar<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">g<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Diameter of a DVD<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">centi<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">k)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Mass of a book<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">g<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">l)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Water in a hot tub<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">L<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">m)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Distance around the Earth<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">kilo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\r\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">n)<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Gap in a spark plug<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 13<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWrite the unit of measure you would use for each item below. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>Coffee in a cup <em><strong>- millilitres (mL)<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Bag of potatoes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gas for a car<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Length of the hall<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Vitamin C tablet<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Thickness of glass<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Width of a page<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Box of cereal<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Distance from Vancouver to Halifax<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Height of a child<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Can of soup<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Window wash for the car<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Dose of heart medicine<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Length of a machine bolt<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cheese<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 13<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>Coffee in a cup - millilitres (mL)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Bag of potatoes - kilogram (kg)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Gas for a car - litre (L)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Length of the hall - metre (m)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Vitamin C tablet - milligram (mg)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Thickness of glass - millimetre (mm)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Width of a page - centimetre (cm)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Box of cereal - gram (g)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Distance from Vancouver to Halifax - kilometre (km)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Height of a child - metre (m)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Can of soup - millilitre (mL)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Window wash for the car - litre (L)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Dose of heart medicine - milligram (mg)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Length of a machine bolt - millimetre (mm)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cheese - kilogram (kg) or gram (g)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Area of Rectangles and Squares<\/h1>\r\n<strong>Area <\/strong>is the amount of surface within a figure. Area is described using <em>square units<\/em>.\r\n\r\nFor example,\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0If the figure is a room, the <strong>area <\/strong>is the floor surface.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0If the figure is a tabletop, the area is the top surface of the table. \u00a0\u00a0If the figure is a roof, the area would be the shingled surface.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0If the figure is property, the area is the ground within the property lines.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0If the figure is this page, the area is the entire flat page that you are reading.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example A<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFind the area of this rectangle.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-81 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/a-1-e1674511506840.png\" alt=\"length 10cm, width 4cm\" width=\"480\" height=\"195\" \/>\r\n\r\nThe measurements of this rectangle are given in centimetres. To measure the area, we will use squares which are 1 cm by 1 cm ( <strong>a square centimetre<\/strong>). How many square centimetres will fit on the surface of this rectangle? Count the 1 cm squares drawn within the Example A rectangle.\r\n\r\nThe area of this rectangle is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0square centimetres.\r\n\r\nThis is written as <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0cm<sup>2<\/sup>\r\n\r\n<strong>Square centimetres <\/strong>is usually written <strong>cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>which is said as \"square centimetres\" or \"centimetres squared\". The small number is called an <em>exponent <\/em>and if the exponent is 2, it means multiplied by itself, so cm<sup>2<\/sup> means [latex]\\text{cm}\\times \\text{cm}[\/latex].\r\n\r\nSquare kilometres are written <strong>km<\/strong><sup><strong>2<\/strong><\/sup>.\u00a0 Square metres are written <strong>m<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><strong>.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example B<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nThis is a diagram of a large cattle ranch. The measurements of the ranch are shown as kilometres. What is the area of this ranch?\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-82\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/b-1.png\" alt=\"length 16 km, width 10 km\" width=\"353\" height=\"213\" \/>\r\n\r\nThe square units to measure will be <strong>square <\/strong><strong>kilometres<\/strong>. The area of this ranch will be the number of units 1 km by 1 km (km<sup>2<\/sup>). The diagram shows how many square kilometres would fit in an area 16 km by 10 km. Count them. The area of the Lone Bar Ranch is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0km<sup>2<\/sup>.\r\n\r\nDid you find a quick method for counting the square units? Did you multiply the number\u00a0 of rows by the number of square kilometres in each row? The quick method of finding the area of a rectangle is to multiply the length by the width.\r\n\r\nUse this formula <strong>to find the area of a rectangle<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial\">:<\/strong>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">[latex]\\text{Area of a rectangle} = \\text{length (}l\\text{)} \\times \\text{width (}w\\text{)}[\/latex]<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>Length <\/em><em>times <\/em><em>width <\/em>can also be expressed as <em>lw<\/em>,<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">so [latex]\\text{A}_{\\text{rectangle}}= lw[\/latex]<\/p>\r\nThe answer <strong>must <\/strong>be expressed in square units.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example C<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nGive the area of a soccer field that is 100 m by 45 m.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A<sub>rectangle<\/sub> = <em>lw<\/em><\/p>\r\n[latex]\\text{Area of the soccer field} = 100 \\text{ m} \\times 45 \\text{ m} = 4500 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 14<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFind the area of the rectangles described below. The measures of the length (<em>l<\/em>) and the width (<em>w<\/em>) have been given. Draw and label a picture for each. Be sure to write the unit of measure for each answer. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 10 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 6 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 100 \\text{ km}[\/latex], [latex]w = 70 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 400 \\text{ km}[\/latex], [latex]w = 100 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 975 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 35 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 196 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 28 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 82 \\text{ km}[\/latex], [latex]w = 12 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 60 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 250 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]l = 90 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 2 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 14<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>[latex]60 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]7000 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]40000 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]34125 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]5488 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]984 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]1500 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]180 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\nSquares are rectangles with all four sides congruent (the same length). So to find the area of a square you still use the same formula of multiplying the length times the width. But since the length and the width of a square are the same, you are multiplying the measure of the side (<em>s<\/em>) by itself. The formula for finding the area of a square is often written using an exponent.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A<sub>square<\/sub> = s<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\r\nFor example, to find the area of a square piece of property, multiply the length of one side by itself. If the measure of one side of a property is 75 m,\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Area of this piece of property:\u00a0 [latex]75^2 = 75\\text{ m} \\times75\\text{ m} = 5625\\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 15<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFind the area of the squares. The measure of the side has been given. Draw and label a picture for each. Be sure to write the unit of measure for each answer. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex] s = 5 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 125 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 45 \\text{ mm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 100 \\text{ m}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 14 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 25 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 15<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>[latex]25 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]15625 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]2025 \\text{ mm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]10000m^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]196 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]625 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Problems Using Area<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 16<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<div>\r\n\r\nDo these problems by following the five problem solving steps. Be sure to draw a picture. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>A garden in the shape of a rectangle is 34 m long and 20 m wide. What is the area of the garden?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Mr. Pavelski has a lot in the shape of a square. If the side of his square lot is 50 m, what is the area of the lot?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>A rectangular board is 58 cm wide and 64 cm long. How much area will this board<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Kyoko bought some curtain material that is 198 cm long and 40 cm How many square centimetres of material did she buy<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The distance between bases of a baseball diamond (a square) is 27 metres. What is the area of the baseball diamond?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The janitor waxed the floor that was 24 m long and 18 m How many square metres of floor did he wax?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 16<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>[latex]680 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]2500 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]3712 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]7920 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]729 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]432 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: left\">Perimeter and Area of Rectangles and Squares<\/h1>\r\n<h2>Rectangle<\/h2>\r\n<strong>Perimeter <\/strong>means <strong>distance around<\/strong>.\u00a0 To find the <strong>perimeter <\/strong>of a rectangle, use the formula\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">[latex]P = 2 \\times \\text{length} + 2 \\times \\text{width}[\/latex].<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example D<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-83 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"178\" \/>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}P = 2 \\times \\text{length} + 2 \\times \\text{width} \\\\\\hspace{1em} = 2\\times 4 \\text{ cm}+ 2 \\times 2 \\text{ cm}\\\\ \\hspace{1em}= 8 \\text{ cm}+4 \\text{ cm}\\\\ \\hspace{1em}=12 \\text{ cm}\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\r\n<strong>Remember:\u00a0 <\/strong>Multiply first and then add.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<strong>Area <\/strong>means <strong>the <\/strong><strong>amount <\/strong><strong>of <\/strong><strong>surface within <\/strong><strong>a shape<\/strong>. To find the <strong>area <\/strong>of a rectangle, use the formula\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">[latex]A = \\text{length} \\times \\text{width}[\/latex]<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example E<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<img class=\"wp-image-84 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"331\" height=\"163\" \/>\r\n\r\n[latex]\\begin{array}{l}A = \\text{length} \\times \\text{width} \\\\\\hspace{1em} = 4 \\text{ cm}\\times 2 \\text{ cm}\\\\\\hspace{1em} = 8 \\text{ cm}^2 \\end{array}[\/latex]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 17<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFor each rectangle, find both the perimeter (distance around) and the area (amount of surface within). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-228 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/rect-300x160.jpg\" alt=\"rectangle of width 6 m and length 2 m\" width=\"279\" height=\"149\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-86 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 12 centimetres, width 7 centimetres\" width=\"362\" height=\"196\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-87 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 17 kilometres, width 9 kilometres\" width=\"364\" height=\"181\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-85\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.55.16-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 12 millimetres, width 8 millimetres\" width=\"180\" height=\"218\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-88 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 32 metres, width 15 metres\" width=\"352\" height=\"173\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-89 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 65 metres, width 18 metres\" width=\"378\" height=\"130\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Raoul\u2019s lot is shaped like a rectangle. If it is 55 m long and 15 m wide, what is the perimeter and area of his lot?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The playground is shaped like a rectangle. Its length is 140 m and its width is 60 What is the perimeter and area of the playground?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 17<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>P = 16 m, A = 12 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 38 cm, A= 84 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 52 km, A = 153 km<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 40 mm, A 96 mm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 94 m, A = 480 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P - 166 m, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">170<\/span> m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 140 m, A = 825 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 400 m, A = 8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">400<\/span> m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2><span lang=\"EN-US\">Square<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<strong>Perimeter <\/strong>means <strong>distance around<\/strong>.\u00a0 To find the <strong>perimeter <\/strong>of a square, use the formula\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">P = 4 \u00d7 side or P<sub>square<\/sub> = 4s<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example F<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-90\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-300x189.png\" alt=\"square. length and width 9 cm\" width=\"300\" height=\"189\" \/>\r\n\r\n[latex]\\begin{array}{l}P = 4\\times \\text{side} \\\\\\hspace{1em} = 4 \\times 9 \\text{ cm}\\\\\\hspace{1em} = 36 \\text{ cm}\\end{array}[\/latex]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<strong>Area <\/strong>means <strong>the <\/strong><strong>amount <\/strong><strong>of <\/strong><strong>surface within <\/strong><strong>a shape<\/strong>. To find the <strong>area <\/strong>of a square, use the formula\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A = side<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0 or\u00a0 A<sub>square<\/sub>\u00a0 = <em>s<\/em><sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example G<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-91\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.53-AM-300x194.png\" alt=\"square. length and width 4 cm\" width=\"300\" height=\"194\" \/>\r\n\r\n[latex]\\begin{array}{l}A = \\text{side}^2 \\\\\\hspace{1em} = (4 \\text{ cm})^2\\\\\\hspace{1em} = 16 \\text{ cm}^2\\end{array}[\/latex]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 18<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nFor each square, find both the perimeter (distance around) and the area (amount of surface within). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-92 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.17-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 5 metres\" width=\"326\" height=\"366\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-90 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM.png\" alt=\"square. length and width 9 cm\" width=\"331\" height=\"208\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-93 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.34-AM.png\" alt=\"square. 15 centimetres\" width=\"253\" height=\"330\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-94 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.46-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 38 centimetres\" width=\"289\" height=\"341\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-95 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.58-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 42 centimetres\" width=\"310\" height=\"340\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-96 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.47.16-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 57 millimetres\" width=\"347\" height=\"184\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Luisa bought a 115 cm square tablecloth. What is the perimeter and area of the tablecloth?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Liang bought a square tarp whose side was 31 m. What is the perimeter and area of the tarp?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 18<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>P = 20 m, A = 25 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 36 cm, A= 81 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 60 cm, A = 255 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 152 cm, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">444<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 168 cm, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">764<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 288 mm, A = 3<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">249<\/span> mm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 460 cm, A = 13<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">225<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 124 m, A = 961 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1 class=\"page-break-before\">Topic C: Self Test<\/h1>\r\n<strong>Mark\u00a0 \/38\u00a0 \u00a0Aim\u00a0 30\/38<\/strong>\r\n<ol type=\"A\">\r\n \t<li>For each item, circle the unit of measure you would use. (8 marks)\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\r\n<td>Height of a doorknob above the floor<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\r\n<td>Thickness of a piece of wire<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\r\n<td>Length of a ski<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\r\n<td>Thickness of a piece of string<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\r\n<td>Height of a fence<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\r\n<td>Length of a finger<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\r\n<td>Length of a football field<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\r\n<td>How far you travelled on your holiday<\/td>\r\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Circle the letter of the most reasonable measure. (6 marks)\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>Storage box\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>66 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>66 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>6 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Baby Shampoo\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>593 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>593 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>59 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Antifreeze\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>40 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>40 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Wastebasket\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>42 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>42 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Deodorant\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>354 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>35 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>354 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Liquid laundry soap\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>975 mL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>97 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>975 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Circle the unit of measure you would use. (6 marks)\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\r\n<td>Can of peanuts<\/td>\r\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\r\n<td>Cat litter<\/td>\r\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\r\n<td>An antacid tablet<\/td>\r\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\r\n<td>Bag of potato chips<\/td>\r\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>e)<\/th>\r\n<td>A fish<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>5g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 kg<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th>f)<\/th>\r\n<td>A bar of soap<\/td>\r\n<td>\r\n<ol type=\"i\">\r\n \t<li>90 mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>90 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>90 g<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Fill in the chart with the right metric prefix. (6 marks)\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 70px\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Small<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Base<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Large<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Find the perimeter and area for each shape. (12 marks)\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-97 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 7 centimetres, width 3 centimetres\" width=\"331\" height=\"139\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-98 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.00.02-AM.png\" alt=\"square. side 6 kilometres\" width=\"231\" height=\"164\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-99 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 184 metres, width 12 metres\" width=\"336\" height=\"145\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-100 \" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.53-AM.png\" alt=\"square. side 87 millimetres\" width=\"160\" height=\"192\" \/><\/li>\r\n \t<li>A double size bed cover measures 135 cm wide and 190 cm.What is the perimeter and area of the bed cover?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>An Olympic size swimming is 50 m long and 25 m wide. What is the perimeter and area of the swimming pool?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h2>Answers to Topic D Self-Test<\/h2>\r\n<ol type=\"A\">\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol type=\"A\">\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>m or cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>m or cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>km<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>i<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n \t<li>iii<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 70px\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\r\n<th style=\"height: 18px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Small<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 18px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Base<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<th style=\"height: 18px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Large<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">Litre<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 18px\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">metre<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">kilo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\r\n<td style=\"height: 16px\">milli<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 16px\">gram<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"height: 16px\">kilo<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>P = 20 cm, A = 21\u00a0 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 24 km, A = 36 km<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 392 m, A = 2 208\u00a0m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 348 mm, A = 7<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">569<\/span> mm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 650 cm, A = 25<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">650<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n \t<li>P = 150 m, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">250<\/span> m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n&nbsp;<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>","rendered":"<p>When you measure something, you are <strong>comparing<\/strong>. Measurement is comparing something with a <strong>standard unit of measure<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In the past, units of measure were based on things found in a community. Often, lengths of parts of the body were used to measure:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Inch: the width of a thumb<\/li>\n<li>Span: the distance from tip of thumb to tip of little finger when the hand is spread out<\/li>\n<li>Foot: the distance from big toe to heel of foot<\/li>\n<li>Yard (becomes \u201crod): the distance from tip of nose to tip of thumb of an outstretched hand and arm<\/li>\n<li>Cubit: the distance from the tip of the middle finger to the elbow<\/li>\n<li>Fathom: the distance from the tip of one hand to the tip of the other with both arms stretched out<\/li>\n<li>Mile: 1000 military double steps in the Roman army (<em>mile passuum<\/em> means &#8220;1000 paces&#8221;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The problem with these units was the distances would be different based on the size of the person doing the measuring. The problem grew even more when trade was started between cities.<\/p>\n<p>Over a long period of time, people in different countries came up with different standard units of measure.<\/p>\n<p>The British came up with <strong>imperial units <\/strong>such as inch, foot, yard and mile.<\/p>\n<p>The French came up with <strong>metric units <\/strong>such as metre, centimetre, litre and gram. In Canada, we use both metric and imperial units.<\/p>\n<h1>Measuring Length<\/h1>\n<p>The basic unit of measure for length is the <strong>metre <\/strong>(abbreviation <strong>m<\/strong>). If you stretch your arm straight out beside you, a <strong>metre <\/strong>is about the distance from the tip of your nose to the tip of your middle finger.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 1<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Consider the following distances. Answer yes or no if you would use a metre to measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The length of a table &#8211; Yes<\/li>\n<li>The width of your watchband &#8211; No<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>length of your classroom<\/li>\n<li>thickness of a piece of paper<\/li>\n<li>length of your pen or pencil<\/li>\n<li>height of the door<\/li>\n<li>distance from Prince George to Fort Nelson<\/li>\n<li>the width of your baby finger<\/li>\n<li>the size of a postage stamp<\/li>\n<li>the thickness of a quarter<\/li>\n<li>the length of the hallway outside your classroom<\/li>\n<li>the distance from your home to college<\/li>\n<li>the height of your coffee mug<\/li>\n<li>the width of your book<\/li>\n<li>the distance from your home to Moncton, New Brunswick<\/li>\n<li>the length of a city bus<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>yes<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>yes<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>yes<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>no<\/li>\n<li>yes<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 2<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Estimate the length of each item. Remember a metre is about the distance from the tip of your nose to the tip of your middle finger when your arm is stretched out beside you. Be sure to include the unit of measure in your answer. Have your instructor check your work.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>the height of the doorway<\/li>\n<li>the height of your table<\/li>\n<li>the width of the doorway<\/li>\n<li>the length of your arm<\/li>\n<li>the distance from the floor to hip<\/li>\n<li>the distance from the floor to waist<\/li>\n<li>the height of the ceiling<\/li>\n<li>the width of the window<\/li>\n<li>the length of your classroom<\/li>\n<li>the width of your classroom<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 3<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Circle the most reasonable measure. Remember a metre is about the distance from the tip of your nose to the tip of your middle finger when your arm is stretched out beside you. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>A person&#8217;s height\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>2m<\/li>\n<li>20m<\/li>\n<li>200m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The height of a child\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>10 m<\/li>\n<li>100 m<\/li>\n<li>1 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The length of a house\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>150 m<\/li>\n<li>15 m<\/li>\n<li>1 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The length of a bed\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>200 m<\/li>\n<li>2 m<\/li>\n<li>20 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The height of a building\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>1 m<\/li>\n<li>100 m<\/li>\n<li>10 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The height of a refrigerator\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>20 m<\/li>\n<li>200 m<\/li>\n<li>2 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 3<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Measuring Small Lengths and Long Distances<\/h1>\n<p>It is hard to measure small things using a metre.\u00a0 To measure small things, you can use <strong>centimetre (cm) or millimetre (mm)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>A <strong>centimetre (cm) <\/strong>is about the width of your baby finger. Remember it is just a guide. A <strong>millimetre (mm) <\/strong>is about the thickness of your fingernail.<\/p>\n<p>It is hard to measure long distances using a metre. To measure long distances, you can use <strong>kilometre (km). <\/strong>A kilometre is 1000 metres.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 4<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>For each item, circle the unit of measure you would use. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\n<td>the width of a room<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\n<td>the thickness of a coin<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\n<td>the length of your pencil<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\n<td>the length of the hall<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\n<td>the length of this page<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\n<td>the length of a screw<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\n<td>the height of your cup<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\n<td>the length of a bus<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\n<td>the thickness of a window pane<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\n<td>the width of a chair<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 4<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>m<\/li>\n<li>mm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>m<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>mm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>m<\/li>\n<li>mm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 5<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>For each item, circle the letter of the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>The width of a doorway\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>50 mm<\/li>\n<li>1 m<\/li>\n<li>50 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The length of your pencil\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>20 m<\/li>\n<li>20 mm<\/li>\n<li>20 cm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The height of a tall building\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>1 m<\/li>\n<li>100 m<\/li>\n<li>10 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The height of a refrigerator\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>20 m<\/li>\n<li>200 m<\/li>\n<li>2 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The diameter of a quarter\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>24 mm<\/li>\n<li>24 cm<\/li>\n<li>24 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The height of the kitchen counter\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>9 m<\/li>\n<li>9 cm<\/li>\n<li>90 cm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The distance around your wrist\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>15 mm<\/li>\n<li>15 cm<\/li>\n<li>15 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The width of a small TV screen\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>28 mm<\/li>\n<li>128 cm<\/li>\n<li>28 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The length of a car\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>5 m<\/li>\n<li>5 cm<\/li>\n<li>5 mm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The height of a bookcase\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>2 cm<\/li>\n<li>2 mm<\/li>\n<li>2 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 5<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 6<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Fill in the blank with the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise<\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>Most hand held calculators are about 15 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\n<li>The CN Tower in Toronto is 555 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> tall.<\/li>\n<li>Many young men have an 80 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> waist.<\/li>\n<li>Computer monitor screens are 28 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> wide.<\/li>\n<li>The handle of a hammer is 20 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\n<li>A table is about 65 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\n<li>The seat of a chair is about 30 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> above the floor.<\/li>\n<li>The window is about 3 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> long.<\/li>\n<li>A roll of tape is about 13 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> wide.<\/li>\n<li>A rope is about 7 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span> thick.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 6<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>m<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>m<\/li>\n<li>mm<\/li>\n<li>mm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Measuring Capacity (Volume)<\/h1>\n<p>Volume is a measure of how much space something takes up. The basic unit of measure for volume is the <strong>Litre (L)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Can you think of two things that we buy in litres?\u00a0 We buy gasoline and milk in litres.<\/p>\n<p>We use <strong>millilitres (mL) <\/strong>to measure small volumes. For example, a small cup of coffee is about 180 mL.\u00a0 Can you think of two things we buy in mL?<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 7<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Write the unit of measure you would use to measure each item (L or mL). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>Bottle of pop<\/li>\n<li>Gasoline<\/li>\n<li>Car window wash<\/li>\n<li>Can of beans<\/li>\n<li>Large bottle of juice<\/li>\n<li>Liquid dish soap<\/li>\n<li>Cough syrup<\/li>\n<li>Mixing bowls<\/li>\n<li>Ketchup<\/li>\n<li>Shampoo<\/li>\n<li>Vinegar<\/li>\n<li>Bathtub<\/li>\n<li>Ice cube tray<\/li>\n<li>Paint<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 7<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>mL<\/li>\n<li>L<\/li>\n<li>L<\/li>\n<li>mL<\/li>\n<li>L<\/li>\n<li>mL or L<\/li>\n<li>mL<\/li>\n<li>L<\/li>\n<li>mL or L<\/li>\n<li>mL<\/li>\n<li>L<\/li>\n<li>L<\/li>\n<li>mL<\/li>\n<li>L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 8<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Circle the letter of the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>A can of soup\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>3 L<\/li>\n<li>30 mL<\/li>\n<li>300 mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A large container of ice cream\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>5 L<\/li>\n<li>500 L<\/li>\n<li>50L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A hot water heater\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>200 mL<\/li>\n<li>50 L<\/li>\n<li>200 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A cup of tea\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>18 mL<\/li>\n<li>180 mL<\/li>\n<li>218 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A garbage can\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>120 L<\/li>\n<li>120 mL<\/li>\n<li>12 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A saucepan\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>2 L<\/li>\n<li>20 L<\/li>\n<li>2 mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A dose of cough syrup\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>40 L<\/li>\n<li>4 mL<\/li>\n<li>40 mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>The gas tank of a car\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>500 mL<\/li>\n<li>5 L<\/li>\n<li>50 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A jar of mustard\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>150 mL<\/li>\n<li>15 L<\/li>\n<li>15 mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A large mixing bowl\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>6 mL<\/li>\n<li>60 L<\/li>\n<li>6 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 8<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Measuring Mass<\/h1>\n<p>Mass is a measure of matter in something. The basic unit of measure for mass is the <strong>gram (g)<\/strong>.\u00a0 We buy sliced meats, bulk food, spices and cereal in grams.<\/p>\n<p>We use <strong>kilogram (kg) <\/strong>to measure the mass of large things such as cars, people, flour and sugar.\u00a0 Can you think of two things that we buy in kilograms?<\/p>\n<p>We use <strong>milligram (mg) <\/strong>to measure the mass of small things such as medicine or vitamins. A <strong>milligram <\/strong>is very small.\u00a0 Can you think of two things that we buy in milligrams?<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 9<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Circle the unit of measure you would use to measure each item. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 465px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Pasta<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Vitamin C<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Peanut butter<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Flour<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Nails<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Dry dog food<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Rice<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Cookies<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Apples<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Spices<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">k)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Cement<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">l)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">Medicine tablets<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">m)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">The family pet<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">n)<\/th>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">A coin<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 31px\">mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 9<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>g or kg<\/li>\n<li>mg<\/li>\n<li>g or kg<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>g<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>g<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>mg<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>g<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 10<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Circle the letter of the most reasonable unit of measure. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>A nickel\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>5 kg<\/li>\n<li>5 g<\/li>\n<li>50 g<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A small television\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>8 g<\/li>\n<li>8 kg<\/li>\n<li>80 g<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A flashlight battery\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>8 g<\/li>\n<li>8 kg<\/li>\n<li>80 g<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A baby\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>30 kg<\/li>\n<li>3 kg<\/li>\n<li>300 kg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A dinner fork\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>50 g<\/li>\n<li>5 g<\/li>\n<li>5 kg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A slice of bread\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>2 g<\/li>\n<li>20 g<\/li>\n<li>2 kg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A sugar cube\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>2 mg<\/li>\n<li>20 g<\/li>\n<li>2 g<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A refrigerator\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>120 g<\/li>\n<li>120 kg<\/li>\n<li>12 kg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A bag of potatoes\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>5 g<\/li>\n<li>5 kg<\/li>\n<li>50 mg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A car\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>100 kg<\/li>\n<li>1000 kg<\/li>\n<li>10 kg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A chocolate bar\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>300 mg<\/li>\n<li>300 mg<\/li>\n<li>300 g<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>A back pack\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>12 kg<\/li>\n<li>12 g<\/li>\n<li>12 mg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 10<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>i or iii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Metric Prefixes<\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">In the metric system a prefix is used to tell if something is large or small. A <strong>prefix <\/strong>is a part of a word that is added to the start of word to change the meaning.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The base units of measure in the metric system are the <strong>metre (m), litre (L) and gram (g)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>If the prefix <strong>kilo <\/strong>is added to one of the base units of measures, such as kilometre or kilogram, you know that these are large amounts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A <strong>kilometre <\/strong>is 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> metres.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A <strong>kilogram <\/strong>is 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> grams.<\/p>\n<p>If the prefix <strong>centi or milli <\/strong>is added to one of the base units of measure, such as centimetre or milligram, you know that these are small amounts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">It takes 100 <strong>centimetres <\/strong>to make a metre. It takes 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> <strong>milligrams <\/strong>to make a gram.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 16.1922%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Measures<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 22.4199%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Large<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 15.8363%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Base<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 45.5516%\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Small<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Length<\/td>\n<td>kilometre (km)<\/td>\n<td>metre (m)<\/td>\n<td>centimetre (cm) millimetre (mm)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Volume<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>litre (L)<\/td>\n<td>millilitre (mL)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mass<\/td>\n<td>kilogram (kg)<\/td>\n<td>gram (g)<\/td>\n<td>milligram (mg)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 11<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Write large, small or base on the line.\u00a0 Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>kilometre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>millimetre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>metre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>gram <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>litre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>millimetre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>milligram <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>kilogram <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<li>centimetre <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 11<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>large<\/li>\n<li>small<\/li>\n<li>base<\/li>\n<li>base<\/li>\n<li>base<\/li>\n<li>small<\/li>\n<li>small<\/li>\n<li>large<\/li>\n<li>small<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 12<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Write the base unit of measure and then the prefix if one is needed. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 465px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Item<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Base<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Prefix (if needed)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Height of a tree<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A bottle of vanilla<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A cold tablet<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Distance between Vancouver and Toronto<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Thickness of a piece of paper<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Length of your foot<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Length of a piece of lumber<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A bottle of hand lotion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">A granola bar<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Diameter of a DVD<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">k)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Mass of a book<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">l)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Water in a hot tub<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">m)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Distance around the Earth<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 5.6926%;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">n)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 57.4953%;height: 31px\">Gap in a spark plug<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 9.67742%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 27.1347%;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 12<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"height: 465px;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Item<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Base<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\" scope=\"col\">Prefix (if needed)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Height of a tree<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A bottle of vanilla<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">L<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A cold tablet<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">g<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Distance between Vancouver and Toronto<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">kilo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Thickness of a piece of paper<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Length of your foot<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">centi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Length of a piece of lumber<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A bottle of hand lotion<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">L<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">i)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">A granola bar<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">g<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">j)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Diameter of a DVD<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">centi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">k)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Mass of a book<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">g<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">l)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Water in a hot tub<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">L<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">m)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Distance around the Earth<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">kilo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 31px\">\n<th style=\"width: 16.7969px;height: 31px\" scope=\"row\">n)<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 287.078px;height: 31px\">Gap in a spark plug<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 36.3125px;height: 31px\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 127.844px;height: 31px\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 13<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Write the unit of measure you would use for each item below. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>Coffee in a cup <em><strong>&#8211; millilitres (mL)<\/strong><\/em><\/li>\n<li>Bag of potatoes<\/li>\n<li>Gas for a car<\/li>\n<li>Length of the hall<\/li>\n<li>Vitamin C tablet<\/li>\n<li>Thickness of glass<\/li>\n<li>Width of a page<\/li>\n<li>Box of cereal<\/li>\n<li>Distance from Vancouver to Halifax<\/li>\n<li>Height of a child<\/li>\n<li>Can of soup<\/li>\n<li>Window wash for the car<\/li>\n<li>Dose of heart medicine<\/li>\n<li>Length of a machine bolt<\/li>\n<li>Cheese<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 13<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>Coffee in a cup &#8211; millilitres (mL)<\/li>\n<li>Bag of potatoes &#8211; kilogram (kg)<\/li>\n<li>Gas for a car &#8211; litre (L)<\/li>\n<li>Length of the hall &#8211; metre (m)<\/li>\n<li>Vitamin C tablet &#8211; milligram (mg)<\/li>\n<li>Thickness of glass &#8211; millimetre (mm)<\/li>\n<li>Width of a page &#8211; centimetre (cm)<\/li>\n<li>Box of cereal &#8211; gram (g)<\/li>\n<li>Distance from Vancouver to Halifax &#8211; kilometre (km)<\/li>\n<li>Height of a child &#8211; metre (m)<\/li>\n<li>Can of soup &#8211; millilitre (mL)<\/li>\n<li>Window wash for the car &#8211; litre (L)<\/li>\n<li>Dose of heart medicine &#8211; milligram (mg)<\/li>\n<li>Length of a machine bolt &#8211; millimetre (mm)<\/li>\n<li>Cheese &#8211; kilogram (kg) or gram (g)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Area of Rectangles and Squares<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Area <\/strong>is the amount of surface within a figure. Area is described using <em>square units<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>For example,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0If the figure is a room, the <strong>area <\/strong>is the floor surface.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0If the figure is a tabletop, the area is the top surface of the table. \u00a0\u00a0If the figure is a roof, the area would be the shingled surface.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0If the figure is property, the area is the ground within the property lines.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0If the figure is this page, the area is the entire flat page that you are reading.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example A<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Find the area of this rectangle.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-81 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/a-1-e1674511506840.png\" alt=\"length 10cm, width 4cm\" width=\"480\" height=\"195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/a-1-e1674511506840.png 480w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/a-1-e1674511506840-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/a-1-e1674511506840-65x26.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/a-1-e1674511506840-225x91.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/a-1-e1674511506840-350x142.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The measurements of this rectangle are given in centimetres. To measure the area, we will use squares which are 1 cm by 1 cm ( <strong>a square centimetre<\/strong>). How many square centimetres will fit on the surface of this rectangle? Count the 1 cm squares drawn within the Example A rectangle.<\/p>\n<p>The area of this rectangle is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0square centimetres.<\/p>\n<p>This is written as <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p><strong>Square centimetres <\/strong>is usually written <strong>cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>which is said as &#8220;square centimetres&#8221; or &#8220;centimetres squared&#8221;. The small number is called an <em>exponent <\/em>and if the exponent is 2, it means multiplied by itself, so cm<sup>2<\/sup> means [latex]\\text{cm}\\times \\text{cm}[\/latex].<\/p>\n<p>Square kilometres are written <strong>km<\/strong><sup><strong>2<\/strong><\/sup>.\u00a0 Square metres are written <strong>m<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example B<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>This is a diagram of a large cattle ranch. The measurements of the ranch are shown as kilometres. What is the area of this ranch?<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-82\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/b-1.png\" alt=\"length 16 km, width 10 km\" width=\"353\" height=\"213\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/b-1.png 318w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/b-1-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/b-1-65x39.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/b-1-225x136.png 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 353px) 100vw, 353px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The square units to measure will be <strong>square <\/strong><strong>kilometres<\/strong>. The area of this ranch will be the number of units 1 km by 1 km (km<sup>2<\/sup>). The diagram shows how many square kilometres would fit in an area 16 km by 10 km. Count them. The area of the Lone Bar Ranch is <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0km<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Did you find a quick method for counting the square units? Did you multiply the number\u00a0 of rows by the number of square kilometres in each row? The quick method of finding the area of a rectangle is to multiply the length by the width.<\/p>\n<p>Use this formula <strong>to find the area of a rectangle<\/strong><strong style=\"text-align: initial\">:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">[latex]\\text{Area of a rectangle} = \\text{length (}l\\text{)} \\times \\text{width (}w\\text{)}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>Length <\/em><em>times <\/em><em>width <\/em>can also be expressed as <em>lw<\/em>,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">so [latex]\\text{A}_{\\text{rectangle}}= lw[\/latex]<\/p>\n<p>The answer <strong>must <\/strong>be expressed in square units.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example C<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Give the area of a soccer field that is 100 m by 45 m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A<sub>rectangle<\/sub> = <em>lw<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[latex]\\text{Area of the soccer field} = 100 \\text{ m} \\times 45 \\text{ m} = 4500 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 14<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Find the area of the rectangles described below. The measures of the length (<em>l<\/em>) and the width (<em>w<\/em>) have been given. Draw and label a picture for each. Be sure to write the unit of measure for each answer. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>[latex]l = 10 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 6 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]l = 100 \\text{ km}[\/latex], [latex]w = 70 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]l = 400 \\text{ km}[\/latex], [latex]w = 100 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]l = 975 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 35 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]l = 196 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 28 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]l = 82 \\text{ km}[\/latex], [latex]w = 12 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]l = 60 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 250 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]l = 90 \\text{ cm}[\/latex], [latex]w = 2 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 14<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>[latex]60 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]7000 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]40000 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]34125 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]5488 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]984 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]1500 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]180 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Squares are rectangles with all four sides congruent (the same length). So to find the area of a square you still use the same formula of multiplying the length times the width. But since the length and the width of a square are the same, you are multiplying the measure of the side (<em>s<\/em>) by itself. The formula for finding the area of a square is often written using an exponent.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A<sub>square<\/sub> = s<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>For example, to find the area of a square piece of property, multiply the length of one side by itself. If the measure of one side of a property is 75 m,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Area of this piece of property:\u00a0 [latex]75^2 = 75\\text{ m} \\times75\\text{ m} = 5625\\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 15<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Find the area of the squares. The measure of the side has been given. Draw and label a picture for each. Be sure to write the unit of measure for each answer. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 5 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 125 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 45 \\text{ mm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 100 \\text{ m}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 14 \\text{ km}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>A<sub>square<\/sub>, if [latex]s = 25 \\text{ cm}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 15<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>[latex]25 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]15625 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]2025 \\text{ mm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]10000m^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]196 \\text{ km}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]625 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Problems Using Area<\/h1>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 16<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<div>\n<p>Do these problems by following the five problem solving steps. Be sure to draw a picture. Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>A garden in the shape of a rectangle is 34 m long and 20 m wide. What is the area of the garden?<\/li>\n<li>Mr. Pavelski has a lot in the shape of a square. If the side of his square lot is 50 m, what is the area of the lot?<\/li>\n<li>A rectangular board is 58 cm wide and 64 cm long. How much area will this board<\/li>\n<li>Kyoko bought some curtain material that is 198 cm long and 40 cm How many square centimetres of material did she buy<\/li>\n<li>The distance between bases of a baseball diamond (a square) is 27 metres. What is the area of the baseball diamond?<\/li>\n<li>The janitor waxed the floor that was 24 m long and 18 m How many square metres of floor did he wax?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 16<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>[latex]680 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]2500 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]3712 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]7920 \\text{ cm}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]729 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]432 \\text{ m}^2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: left\">Perimeter and Area of Rectangles and Squares<\/h1>\n<h2>Rectangle<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Perimeter <\/strong>means <strong>distance around<\/strong>.\u00a0 To find the <strong>perimeter <\/strong>of a rectangle, use the formula<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">[latex]P = 2 \\times \\text{length} + 2 \\times \\text{width}[\/latex].<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example D<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-83 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM.png 1054w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM-300x158.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM-1024x540.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM-768x405.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM-65x34.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM-225x119.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.19-PM-350x185.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 337px) 100vw, 337px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}P = 2 \\times \\text{length} + 2 \\times \\text{width} \\\\\\hspace{1em} = 2\\times 4 \\text{ cm}+ 2 \\times 2 \\text{ cm}\\\\ \\hspace{1em}= 8 \\text{ cm}+4 \\text{ cm}\\\\ \\hspace{1em}=12 \\text{ cm}\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Remember:\u00a0 <\/strong>Multiply first and then add.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Area <\/strong>means <strong>the <\/strong><strong>amount <\/strong><strong>of <\/strong><strong>surface within <\/strong><strong>a shape<\/strong>. To find the <strong>area <\/strong>of a rectangle, use the formula<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">[latex]A = \\text{length} \\times \\text{width}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example E<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-84 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"331\" height=\"163\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM.png 1030w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM-1024x505.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM-768x379.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM-65x32.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM-225x111.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.52.34-PM-350x173.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>[latex]\\begin{array}{l}A = \\text{length} \\times \\text{width} \\\\\\hspace{1em} = 4 \\text{ cm}\\times 2 \\text{ cm}\\\\\\hspace{1em} = 8 \\text{ cm}^2 \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 17<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>For each rectangle, find both the perimeter (distance around) and the area (amount of surface within). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-228\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/rect-300x160.jpg\" alt=\"rectangle of width 6 m and length 2 m\" width=\"279\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/rect-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/rect-65x35.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/rect-225x120.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/rect-350x186.jpg 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2023\/01\/rect.jpg 449w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 279px) 100vw, 279px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-86\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 12 centimetres, width 7 centimetres\" width=\"362\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM.png 1082w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM-1024x555.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM-768x416.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM-65x35.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM-225x122.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.20-PM-350x190.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 362px) 100vw, 362px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-87\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 17 kilometres, width 9 kilometres\" width=\"364\" height=\"181\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM.png 1074w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM-1024x509.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM-768x382.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM-65x32.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM-225x112.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.54.43-PM-350x174.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 364px) 100vw, 364px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-85\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.55.16-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 12 millimetres, width 8 millimetres\" width=\"180\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.55.16-PM.png 710w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.55.16-PM-248x300.png 248w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.55.16-PM-65x79.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.55.16-PM-225x273.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.55.16-PM-350x424.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-88\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 32 metres, width 15 metres\" width=\"352\" height=\"173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM.png 984w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM-768x378.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM-65x32.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM-225x111.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-23-at-3.56.15-PM-350x172.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-89\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 65 metres, width 18 metres\" width=\"378\" height=\"130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM.png 1112w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM-300x103.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM-1024x352.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM-768x264.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM-65x22.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM-225x77.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.33.54-AM-350x120.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Raoul\u2019s lot is shaped like a rectangle. If it is 55 m long and 15 m wide, what is the perimeter and area of his lot?<\/li>\n<li>The playground is shaped like a rectangle. Its length is 140 m and its width is 60 What is the perimeter and area of the playground?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 17<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>P = 16 m, A = 12 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 38 cm, A= 84 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 52 km, A = 153 km<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 40 mm, A 96 mm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 94 m, A = 480 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P &#8211; 166 m, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">170<\/span> m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 140 m, A = 825 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 400 m, A = 8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">400<\/span> m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span lang=\"EN-US\">Square<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Perimeter <\/strong>means <strong>distance around<\/strong>.\u00a0 To find the <strong>perimeter <\/strong>of a square, use the formula<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">P = 4 \u00d7 side or P<sub>square<\/sub> = 4s<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example F<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-90\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-300x189.png\" alt=\"square. length and width 9 cm\" width=\"300\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-1024x645.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-768x484.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-65x41.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-225x142.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-350x221.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM.png 1082w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>[latex]\\begin{array}{l}P = 4\\times \\text{side} \\\\\\hspace{1em} = 4 \\times 9 \\text{ cm}\\\\\\hspace{1em} = 36 \\text{ cm}\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>Area <\/strong>means <strong>the <\/strong><strong>amount <\/strong><strong>of <\/strong><strong>surface within <\/strong><strong>a shape<\/strong>. To find the <strong>area <\/strong>of a square, use the formula<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">A = side<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0 or\u00a0 A<sub>square<\/sub>\u00a0 = <em>s<\/em><sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example G<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-91\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.53-AM-300x194.png\" alt=\"square. length and width 4 cm\" width=\"300\" height=\"194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.53-AM-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.53-AM-65x42.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.53-AM-225x145.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.53-AM-350x226.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.53-AM.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>[latex]\\begin{array}{l}A = \\text{side}^2 \\\\\\hspace{1em} = (4 \\text{ cm})^2\\\\\\hspace{1em} = 16 \\text{ cm}^2\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 18<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>For each square, find both the perimeter (distance around) and the area (amount of surface within). Check your work using the answer key at the end of the exercise.<\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-92\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.17-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 5 metres\" width=\"326\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.17-AM-1.png 692w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.17-AM-1-268x300.png 268w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.17-AM-1-65x73.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.17-AM-1-225x252.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.17-AM-1-350x392.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 326px) 100vw, 326px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-90\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM.png\" alt=\"square. length and width 9 cm\" width=\"331\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM.png 1082w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-1024x645.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-768x484.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-65x41.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-225x142.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.42.41-AM-350x221.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-93\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.34-AM.png\" alt=\"square. 15 centimetres\" width=\"253\" height=\"330\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.34-AM.png 400w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.34-AM-230x300.png 230w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.34-AM-65x85.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.34-AM-225x294.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.34-AM-350x457.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 253px) 100vw, 253px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-94\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.46-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 38 centimetres\" width=\"289\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.46-AM-1.png 700w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.46-AM-1-254x300.png 254w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.46-AM-1-65x77.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.46-AM-1-225x266.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.46-AM-1-350x413.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 289px) 100vw, 289px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-95\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.58-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 42 centimetres\" width=\"310\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.58-AM-1.png 692w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.58-AM-1-274x300.png 274w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.58-AM-1-65x71.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.58-AM-1-225x246.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.46.58-AM-1-350x383.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 310px) 100vw, 310px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-96\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.47.16-AM-1.png\" alt=\"square. side 57 millimetres\" width=\"347\" height=\"184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.47.16-AM-1.png 536w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.47.16-AM-1-300x159.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.47.16-AM-1-65x34.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.47.16-AM-1-225x119.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.47.16-AM-1-350x185.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Luisa bought a 115 cm square tablecloth. What is the perimeter and area of the tablecloth?<\/li>\n<li>Liang bought a square tarp whose side was 31 m. What is the perimeter and area of the tarp?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 18<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>P = 20 m, A = 25 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 36 cm, A= 81 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 60 cm, A = 255 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 152 cm, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">444<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 168 cm, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">764<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 288 mm, A = 3<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">249<\/span> mm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 460 cm, A = 13<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">225<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 124 m, A = 961 m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"page-break-before\">Topic C: Self Test<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Mark\u00a0 \/38\u00a0 \u00a0Aim\u00a0 30\/38<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li>For each item, circle the unit of measure you would use. (8 marks)<br \/>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\n<td>Height of a doorknob above the floor<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\n<td>Thickness of a piece of wire<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\n<td>Length of a ski<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\n<td>Thickness of a piece of string<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">e)<\/th>\n<td>Height of a fence<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">f)<\/th>\n<td>Length of a finger<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">g)<\/th>\n<td>Length of a football field<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">h)<\/th>\n<td>How far you travelled on your holiday<\/td>\n<td>m, cm, mm, km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>Circle the letter of the most reasonable measure. (6 marks)\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>Storage box\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>66 mL<\/li>\n<li>66 L<\/li>\n<li>6 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Baby Shampoo\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>593 mL<\/li>\n<li>593 L<\/li>\n<li>59 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Antifreeze\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>40 L<\/li>\n<li>4 L<\/li>\n<li>40 mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Wastebasket\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>42 mL<\/li>\n<li>4 L<\/li>\n<li>42 mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Deodorant\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>354 L<\/li>\n<li>35 mL<\/li>\n<li>354 mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Liquid laundry soap\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>975 mL<\/li>\n<li>97 L<\/li>\n<li>975 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Circle the unit of measure you would use. (6 marks)<br \/>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\"><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Item<\/strong><\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\"><strong>Unit of Measure<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">a)<\/th>\n<td>Can of peanuts<\/td>\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">b)<\/th>\n<td>Cat litter<\/td>\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">c)<\/th>\n<td>An antacid tablet<\/td>\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">d)<\/th>\n<td>Bag of potato chips<\/td>\n<td>mg, g, kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>e)<\/th>\n<td>A fish<\/td>\n<td>\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>5g<\/li>\n<li>5 mg<\/li>\n<li>5 kg<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>f)<\/th>\n<td>A bar of soap<\/td>\n<td>\n<ol type=\"i\">\n<li>90 mg<\/li>\n<li>90 kg<\/li>\n<li>90 g<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fill in the chart with the right metric prefix. (6 marks)<br \/>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 70px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\n<th style=\"height: 30px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Small<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Base<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Large<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 30px\"><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>Find the perimeter and area for each shape. (12 marks)\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-97\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 7 centimetres, width 3 centimetres\" width=\"331\" height=\"139\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM.png 1132w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM-300x126.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM-1024x429.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM-768x322.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM-65x27.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM-225x94.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-7.59.42-AM-350x147.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-98\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.00.02-AM.png\" alt=\"square. side 6 kilometres\" width=\"231\" height=\"164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.00.02-AM.png 742w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.00.02-AM-300x213.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.00.02-AM-65x46.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.00.02-AM-225x160.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.00.02-AM-350x249.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 231px) 100vw, 231px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>\u00a0<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-99\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM.png\" alt=\"rectangle. length 184 metres, width 12 metres\" width=\"336\" height=\"145\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM.png 980w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM-300x130.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM-768x332.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM-65x28.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM-225x97.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.44-AM-350x151.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 336px) 100vw, 336px\" \/><\/li>\n<li><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-100\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.53-AM.png\" alt=\"square. side 87 millimetres\" width=\"160\" height=\"192\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.53-AM.png 338w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.53-AM-250x300.png 250w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.53-AM-65x78.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2381\/2025\/01\/Screen-Shot-2023-01-24-at-8.13.53-AM-225x270.png 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>A double size bed cover measures 135 cm wide and 190 cm.What is the perimeter and area of the bed cover?<\/li>\n<li>An Olympic size swimming is 50 m long and 25 m wide. What is the perimeter and area of the swimming pool?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Answers to Topic D Self-Test<\/h2>\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>m or cm<\/li>\n<li>mm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>mm<\/li>\n<li>m or cm<\/li>\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>m<\/li>\n<li>km<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>ii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>i<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>g<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>mg<\/li>\n<li>g<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<li>iii<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"width: 100%;height: 70px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\n<th style=\"height: 18px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Small<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Base<\/strong><\/th>\n<th style=\"height: 18px\" scope=\"col\"><strong>Large<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">milli<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">Litre<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px\">\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">milli<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">metre<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 18px\">kilo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 16px\">\n<td style=\"height: 16px\">milli<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 16px\">gram<\/td>\n<td style=\"height: 16px\">kilo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>P = 20 cm, A = 21\u00a0 cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 24 km, A = 36 km<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 392 m, A = 2 208\u00a0m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 348 mm, A = 7<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">569<\/span> mm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 650 cm, A = 25<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">650<\/span> cm<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>P = 150 m, A = 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">250<\/span> m<sup>2<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"author":999,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-101","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":58,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/999"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":230,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101\/revisions\/230"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/58"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=101"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=101"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math023\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}