{"id":142,"date":"2023-01-06T18:26:24","date_gmt":"2023-01-06T23:26:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math024\/chapter\/conversion-within-the-metric-system\/"},"modified":"2025-11-07T15:33:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T20:33:10","slug":"conversion-within-the-metric-system","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math024\/chapter\/conversion-within-the-metric-system\/","title":{"raw":"Topic D: Conversion within the Metric System","rendered":"Topic D: Conversion within the Metric System"},"content":{"raw":"In this topic, you will learn a quick method to change (convert) between different units with the same base. In the conversion, the number and the prefix both change; the length or mass or volume of the object is <strong>not<\/strong> changed \u2013 only the way we express the measurement changes.\r\n\r\nAre you a visual learner? If you are, then ask your instructor to show you the next skill. It will save you a lot of frustration. You may learn this skill much faster with a real life example.\r\n<h1>Converting Within the Metric System Using the Chart<\/h1>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\"><caption>Chart of Metric Prefixes and Place Value in the Decimal Number System<\/caption>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Metric Prefixes<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">kilo<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">hecto<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">deca<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">BASE UNIT<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">deci<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">centi<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">milli<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Mass<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">kg<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">hg<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dag<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">g<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dg<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">cg<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">mg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Volume<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">kL<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">hL<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">daL<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">L<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dL<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">cL<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">mL<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Length<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">km<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">hm<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dam<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">m<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dm<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">cm<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">mm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Place Value<\/th>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">100<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">10<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">1<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">0.1<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">0.01<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">0.001<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example A<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nA book weighs 12 g. Convert this amount to mg.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 1<\/strong> - If there is no decimal point in the amount, place a . after the amount. 12 g = 12. g<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 2<\/strong> - Locate the prefix of the known amount. If no prefix is given, find the base unit (gram in the example) in the centre of the chart.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 3<\/strong> - Find the prefix that you are changing to (<strong>milli<\/strong>gram in this example).\u00a0 It is to the right of the gram. Count the number of bars ( | ) between gram and milli. You cross three bars to move three places to the right.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 4<\/strong> - Move the decimal point the same number of places in the same direction as you moved on the chart. Add zeros as needed.\r\n12. g = 12<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span>. mg The cigar is 12<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> mg.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nOn the chart, every time you cross over a bar ( | ), the factor is <strong>10<\/strong>.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0If you cross a bar going from the left to the right \u2192 multiply by 10. The units to the right are smaller, so more are needed to make an equal amount. Crossing 3 bars is the same as multiplying by 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> (10 \u00d7 10 \u00d7 10).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0If you cross a bar going from the right to the left \u2190 divide by 10.\u00a0 The units to the left are larger, so less are needed to make an equal amount.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\nReview <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math024\/chapter\/multiplying-decimals\/#chapter-428-section-3\">Multiplying by 10, 100, 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000 in Unit 3, Topic A<\/span><\/a>.\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example B<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nA room measures 450 cm long. Convert this measurement to m.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 1<\/strong> - Place a decimal point after the known amount if needed. 450<strong>.<\/strong> cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 2<\/strong> - Find the prefix of the known amount on the chart. Find centi.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 3<\/strong> - Find the prefix or the base unit (if no prefix was used) of the unit you are changing to.\u00a0 Is it left or right of centi? Count the bars between cm and metre.\u00a0 You cross two bars to move <strong>two places to the left<\/strong>. That is the same as dividing by 100.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 4<\/strong> - Move the decimal point the same number of places in the same direction as you moved on the chart.\u00a0 450. \u2190 cm = 4.50 m \u00d7 450 cm = 4.5 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example C<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nThe container holds 45.5 dL. Write this amount in daL.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 1 and 2<\/strong> - A decimal point is already in the amount. Find deci on the chart.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 3<\/strong> - Find deca on the chart. Count the number of bars you cross going from deci to deca \u2013 2 bars to move 2 places to the left (divide by 100).<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Step 4<\/strong> - Move the decimal point 2 places to the left. 45.5 dL = 0.455 daL (less than 1 daL)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 1<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nComplete the metric conversions. Some units are not common, but the practice in conversion is useful.\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>From memory, put the metric prefixes on the chart according to their place value. Check that your chart is correct before you use it.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>42 cm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m; 8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">241<\/span> m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>358 mm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> cm; 5 hm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>0.87 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> mm; 0.5 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>197 cm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m; 4.5 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> dag<\/li>\r\n \t<li>28 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km; 890 dL = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> kL<\/li>\r\n \t<li>8 L = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> mL; 85 km = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Add 45 cm and 92 cm.\u00a0 Express the sum in metres.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Example: 45 cm + 92 cm = 137 cm; 137 cm = 1.37 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Add 245 m, 689 m, and 124 m.\u00a0 Express the sum in kilometres.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Multiply 250 mL by 6. Express the product in litres.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 1<\/strong>\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">kilo<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">hecto<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deca<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">base unit<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deci<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">centi<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>0.42 m; 8.241 km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>35.8 cm; 500 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>870 mm; 500 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.97 m; 450 dag<\/li>\r\n \t<li>.028 km; 0.089 kl<\/li>\r\n \t<li>8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> ml; 85<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>See example<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.058 km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.5 L<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Why Do We Need to Convert Measurements?<\/h2>\r\nThe skill of converting within the metric system is very useful.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Before we can do any math with measurements we must <strong>be sure the measurements are all in the same unit value<\/strong>. For example, we can only subtract litres from litres, multiply metres by metres, add milligram to milligrams.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Measurements are usually written with small whole numbers. This is the simple form of the measurement. For example,\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>instead of 4<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">587<\/span> g, write 4.587 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>instead of 52<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> mL, write 52 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>instead of 0.0065 m, write 6.5 mm<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">Before doing any calculations with measurements, convert them as needed so that the unit values are the same.<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example D<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n50 g \u2212 275 mg = ?\r\n\r\nConvert 50 g to mg: 50 g = 50<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> mg\r\n\r\nSubtract [latex]\\begin{array}[t]{rr}&amp;50\\,000\\text{ mg}\\\\-&amp;275\\text{ mg}\\\\ \\hline &amp;49\\,725\\text{ mg}\\end{array}[\/latex]\r\n\r\n<strong>OR<\/strong>\r\n\r\nConvert 275 mg to g: 275 mg = 0.275 g\r\n\r\nSubtract (add a decimal and zeros to make subtraction easier)\r\n\r\nSubtract [latex]\\begin{array}[t]{rr}&amp;50.000\\text{ g}\\\\-&amp;0.275\\text{ g}\\\\ \\hline &amp;49.725\\text{ g}\\end{array}[\/latex]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example E<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nJill wants to put lace around her tablecloth. The bottom of the table cloth measures 2.6 m around. The lace trim is packaged in 75 cm lengths. How many packages of lace will Jill need to buy so she can trim the tablecloth?\r\n\r\nFirst, convert the measurements to the same values. 2.6 m = 260 cm\r\n\r\nThis is a division problem. How many groups of 75 cm are in 260 cm? 260 cm \u00f7 75 cm =\u00a0 3.47\r\n\r\nJill will need to buy 4 packages. (She needs more than 3 packages and cannot buy a part of a package.)\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> When dividing, you are finding out how many times something goes into something else, so you <strong>do not use units in the answer<\/strong>.<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 2<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nConvert as needed to solve these word problems.\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>Complete this chart from memory for your use. Check that it is correct.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The new refrigerator is 175 cm high. The directions say that 10 cm must be left above the refrigerator for air circulation. The height of the space for the refrigerator is 1.9 m. Will the refrigerator fit?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>The stairway is 89 cm wide. Bob is installing a carpet runner. The runner comes 1m wide. How much must be trimmed to make it fit on the stairway?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Julia is calculating how much juice to buy for the children\u2019s school party. How many 250 mL cups will she be able to fill from a 4 L bottle of juice?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Charles is 1.67 m tall. His wife Laura is 145 cm tall. How much taller is Charles than his wife?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 2<\/strong>\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">kilo<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">hecto<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deca<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deci<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">centi<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Yes, with 5 cm to spare.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>11 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>16 glasses<\/li>\r\n \t<li>22 cm taller<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\nOnly use one unit for a measurement.\r\n\r\nFor example, use\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>2.75 m <strong>not<\/strong> 2 m, 75 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>60.5 kg <strong>not<\/strong> 60 kg, 500 g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.25 L <strong>not<\/strong> 4 L, 250 mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nWhen there is a mixed measurement such as shown in the examples, do this:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>convert the amount with the smaller unit value to the larger unit value (it will often be a decimal)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>add the amounts together<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example F<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n16 cm + 4 mm\r\n\r\n4 mm = 0.4 cm\r\n\r\n16 cm + 0.4 cm = 16.4 cm\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example G<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n1 km + 350 m\r\n\r\n350 m = 0.350 km\r\n\r\n1 km + 0.35 km = 1.35 km\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 3<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWrite these measurements using only one unit.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>5 L + 750 mL =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3 kg + 150 g =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1 m + 5 cm =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5 m + 7 dm =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>6 m + 345 cm =<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 3<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>5.75 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3.15 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.05 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5.7 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>9.45 m<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 4<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nHere is more conversion practice.\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" start=\"2\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>3.2 km = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>0.006 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.64 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>155 g = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> hg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2 m + 16 cm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1 L + 50 mL = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>89 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>457 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> hm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Watch for different units!<\/strong> Use the simplest form for the answer.\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" start=\"10\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>[latex]\\begin{array}{rr}&amp;674 \\text{ mm}\\\\+&amp;86\\text{\u00a0 cm}\\\\ \\hline\\\\ \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]\\begin{array}{rr}&amp;5.5 \\text{ g}\\\\-&amp;40\\text{\u00a0 dg}\\\\ \\hline\\\\ \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[latex]\\begin{array}{rr}&amp;45 \\text{ mL}\\\\+&amp;16\\text{\u00a0 cL}\\\\ \\hline\\\\ \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>9954 mL \u2212 8.9 L =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>128 hm + 4 km =<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 4<\/strong>\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">kilo<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">hecto<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deca<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deci<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">centi<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">milli<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" start=\"2\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>3<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">200<\/span> m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>6 mm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">640<\/span> g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.55 hg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.16 m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.05 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>0.089 km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.57 hm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>153.4 cm (1534 mm)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.5 g (15 dg)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>205 mL (20.5 cL)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>1.054 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>16.8 km<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h2>Dividing Two Items of the Same Units<\/h2>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Heads up - a new important twist for you!<\/strong>\r\n\r\nWhen you are dividing two items of the same units, the units <strong>cancel<\/strong> themselves out. This means that your answer <strong>will not have a unit.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\nFollow this example:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>5<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> g \u00f7 40 g = 125 (no units in the answer!)<\/li>\r\n \t<li>880 cm \u00f7 11 mm = 8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">800<\/span> mm \u00f7 11 mm = 800 (no units!)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 5<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>\u00a06<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> g \u00f7 250 g =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>3.38 m \u00f7 .13 m =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>6 km \u00f7 .3 km =<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Answers to Exercise 5<\/strong>\r\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>24<\/li>\r\n \t<li>26<\/li>\r\n \t<li>20<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Topic D: Self-Test<\/h1>\r\n<strong>Mark \/16\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Aim 13\/16<\/strong>\r\n<ol type=\"A\">\r\n \t<li>Give the measurement (unit with prefix as needed) that would be most practical to measure these items. (6 Marks)\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>a child\u2018s height<\/li>\r\n \t<li>a big bag of flour<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the distance from Ottawa to Toronto<\/li>\r\n \t<li>a box of oranges<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the distance from your seat to the door<\/li>\r\n \t<li>the flavouring to put in the cake batter<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Complete the metric conversions. (5 Marks)\r\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>8 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>5.2 hm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4.2 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>242 dag = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>28 mm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> cm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Calculate.\u00a0 Express the answer in simplest form.\u00a0 Watch the prefixes! (5 marks)\r\n<ol type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>8.2 L \u2212 48 mL =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>42 mg + 2 dg =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>0.8 m \u00f7 20 cm =<\/li>\r\n \t<li>You need a strip of metal that is 97 cm in length.\u00a0The piece of metal that you found in the workshop is 1.3 m. How much must be cut off the end to give you a 97 cm strip? (2 marks)<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h2>Answers to Topic D Self-Test<\/h2>\r\n<ol type=\"A\">\r\n \t<li>Give the measurement that would be most practical.\r\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>m<\/li>\r\n \t<li>mL<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Complete the metric conversions.\r\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>800 cm<\/li>\r\n \t<li>0.52 km<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">200<\/span> g<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.42 kg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>2.8 cm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Calculate.\r\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\r\n \t<li>8.152 L<\/li>\r\n \t<li>242 mg<\/li>\r\n \t<li>4<\/li>\r\n \t<li>33 cm<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1>Metric System vs. Imperial System<\/h1>\r\nOriginally, people would measure things compared to their body parts.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>In French, the word for inch is <em>pouce<\/em>, which means thumb. So, really, an inch came from the measurement of a thumb.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>We still use the foot for measurement. It came from the measurement of an average person\u2018s foot.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>If you have ever heard anyone talking about horses, you may have heard about a horse being a certain number of hands tall.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nBut the imperial system has problems. Measuring things with your own body is not practical because we are all different shapes. And if you have ever tried to divide a foot into 5 equal parts, you will know that it is not easily done. (A foot is 12 inches, which is not easily divided into 5 equal parts). This problem is found with almost all measurements in the imperial system.\r\n\r\nThen, the International System (also known as Metric) was created to make it even easier for people to work with measurements. It is made on a Base Ten System. The Base Ten System is another name for the decimal number system that we use every day. Because we already use the Base Ten System as our decimal system, which many cultures around the world use, it is easy to measure things and divide them up or add them together.\r\n\r\nHere are some of the measurements that you may see in the Imperial System and the Metric System:\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"col\">Measurement<\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\r\n<th scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">Length<\/th>\r\n<td>Inch, foot, yard, mile<\/td>\r\n<td>Millimetre, centimetre, metre, kilometre<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">Mass<\/th>\r\n<td>Ounce, pound, ton<\/td>\r\n<td>Milligram, gram, kilogram<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th scope=\"row\">Volume<\/th>\r\n<td>Fluid ounce, cup, pint, quart, gallon<\/td>\r\n<td>Millilitre, litre, kilolitre<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nHere are some conversions between the two systems:\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\"><caption>Length<\/caption>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 inch<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">2.54 cm<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 foot<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.30 m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 mile<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1.61 km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1.09 yards or 3.28 feet<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 m<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.62 miles<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 km<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\"><caption>Mass<\/caption>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 ounce<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">28.35 g<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 pound<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.45 kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.04 ounces<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 g<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">2.20 pounds<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 kg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\" border=\"0\"><caption>Volume<\/caption>\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\r\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 fluid ounce<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">29.57 mL<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 quart<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.95 L<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 gallon<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">3.79 L<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.03 fluid ounces<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 mL<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1.06 quarts<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 L<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>You may find this is useful information. <\/strong><strong>It is not necessary to learn or memorize any of the above numbers.<\/strong>","rendered":"<p>In this topic, you will learn a quick method to change (convert) between different units with the same base. In the conversion, the number and the prefix both change; the length or mass or volume of the object is <strong>not<\/strong> changed \u2013 only the way we express the measurement changes.<\/p>\n<p>Are you a visual learner? If you are, then ask your instructor to show you the next skill. It will save you a lot of frustration. You may learn this skill much faster with a real life example.<\/p>\n<h1>Converting Within the Metric System Using the Chart<\/h1>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<caption>Chart of Metric Prefixes and Place Value in the Decimal Number System<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Metric Prefixes<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">kilo<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">hecto<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">deca<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">BASE UNIT<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">deci<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">centi<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">milli<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Mass<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">kg<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">hg<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dag<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">g<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dg<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">cg<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">mg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Volume<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">kL<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">hL<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">daL<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">L<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dL<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">cL<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Length<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">km<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">hm<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dam<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">m<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">dm<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">cm<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 12.5%\" scope=\"col\">Place Value<\/th>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">100<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">10<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">0.1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">0.01<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 12.5%\">0.001<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example A<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>A book weighs 12 g. Convert this amount to mg.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Step 1<\/strong> &#8211; If there is no decimal point in the amount, place a . after the amount. 12 g = 12. g<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 2<\/strong> &#8211; Locate the prefix of the known amount. If no prefix is given, find the base unit (gram in the example) in the centre of the chart.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 3<\/strong> &#8211; Find the prefix that you are changing to (<strong>milli<\/strong>gram in this example).\u00a0 It is to the right of the gram. Count the number of bars ( | ) between gram and milli. You cross three bars to move three places to the right.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 4<\/strong> &#8211; Move the decimal point the same number of places in the same direction as you moved on the chart. Add zeros as needed.<br \/>\n12. g = 12<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span>. mg The cigar is 12<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> mg.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>On the chart, every time you cross over a bar ( | ), the factor is <strong>10<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0If you cross a bar going from the left to the right \u2192 multiply by 10. The units to the right are smaller, so more are needed to make an equal amount. Crossing 3 bars is the same as multiplying by 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> (10 \u00d7 10 \u00d7 10).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0If you cross a bar going from the right to the left \u2190 divide by 10.\u00a0 The units to the left are larger, so less are needed to make an equal amount.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Review <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/math024\/chapter\/multiplying-decimals\/#chapter-428-section-3\">Multiplying by 10, 100, 1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000 in Unit 3, Topic A<\/span><\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example B<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>A room measures 450 cm long. Convert this measurement to m.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Step 1<\/strong> &#8211; Place a decimal point after the known amount if needed. 450<strong>.<\/strong> cm<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 2<\/strong> &#8211; Find the prefix of the known amount on the chart. Find centi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 3<\/strong> &#8211; Find the prefix or the base unit (if no prefix was used) of the unit you are changing to.\u00a0 Is it left or right of centi? Count the bars between cm and metre.\u00a0 You cross two bars to move <strong>two places to the left<\/strong>. That is the same as dividing by 100.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 4<\/strong> &#8211; Move the decimal point the same number of places in the same direction as you moved on the chart.\u00a0 450. \u2190 cm = 4.50 m \u00d7 450 cm = 4.5 m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example C<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>The container holds 45.5 dL. Write this amount in daL.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Step 1 and 2<\/strong> &#8211; A decimal point is already in the amount. Find deci on the chart.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 3<\/strong> &#8211; Find deca on the chart. Count the number of bars you cross going from deci to deca \u2013 2 bars to move 2 places to the left (divide by 100).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Step 4<\/strong> &#8211; Move the decimal point 2 places to the left. 45.5 dL = 0.455 daL (less than 1 daL)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 1<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Complete the metric conversions. Some units are not common, but the practice in conversion is useful.<\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>From memory, put the metric prefixes on the chart according to their place value. Check that your chart is correct before you use it.<br \/>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>42 cm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m; 8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">241<\/span> m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km<\/li>\n<li>358 mm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> cm; 5 hm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\n<li>0.87 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> mm; 0.5 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> g<\/li>\n<li>197 cm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m; 4.5 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> dag<\/li>\n<li>28 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km; 890 dL = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> kL<\/li>\n<li>8 L = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> mL; 85 km = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\n<li>Add 45 cm and 92 cm.\u00a0 Express the sum in metres.\n<ul>\n<li>Example: 45 cm + 92 cm = 137 cm; 137 cm = 1.37 m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Add 245 m, 689 m, and 124 m.\u00a0 Express the sum in kilometres.<\/li>\n<li>Multiply 250 mL by 6. Express the product in litres.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">kilo<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">hecto<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deca<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">base unit<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deci<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">centi<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>0.42 m; 8.241 km<\/li>\n<li>35.8 cm; 500 m<\/li>\n<li>870 mm; 500 g<\/li>\n<li>1.97 m; 450 dag<\/li>\n<li>.028 km; 0.089 kl<\/li>\n<li>8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> ml; 85<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> m<\/li>\n<li>See example<\/li>\n<li>1.058 km<\/li>\n<li>1.5 L<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Why Do We Need to Convert Measurements?<\/h2>\n<p>The skill of converting within the metric system is very useful.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Before we can do any math with measurements we must <strong>be sure the measurements are all in the same unit value<\/strong>. For example, we can only subtract litres from litres, multiply metres by metres, add milligram to milligrams.<\/li>\n<li>Measurements are usually written with small whole numbers. This is the simple form of the measurement. For example,\n<ul>\n<li>instead of 4<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">587<\/span> g, write 4.587 kg<\/li>\n<li>instead of 52<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> mL, write 52 L<\/li>\n<li>instead of 0.0065 m, write 6.5 mm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox\">Before doing any calculations with measurements, convert them as needed so that the unit values are the same.<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example D<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>50 g \u2212 275 mg = ?<\/p>\n<p>Convert 50 g to mg: 50 g = 50<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> mg<\/p>\n<p>Subtract [latex]\\begin{array}[t]{rr}&50\\,000\\text{ mg}\\\\-&275\\text{ mg}\\\\ \\hline &49\\,725\\text{ mg}\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<p><strong>OR<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Convert 275 mg to g: 275 mg = 0.275 g<\/p>\n<p>Subtract (add a decimal and zeros to make subtraction easier)<\/p>\n<p>Subtract [latex]\\begin{array}[t]{rr}&50.000\\text{ g}\\\\-&0.275\\text{ g}\\\\ \\hline &49.725\\text{ g}\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example E<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Jill wants to put lace around her tablecloth. The bottom of the table cloth measures 2.6 m around. The lace trim is packaged in 75 cm lengths. How many packages of lace will Jill need to buy so she can trim the tablecloth?<\/p>\n<p>First, convert the measurements to the same values. 2.6 m = 260 cm<\/p>\n<p>This is a division problem. How many groups of 75 cm are in 260 cm? 260 cm \u00f7 75 cm =\u00a0 3.47<\/p>\n<p>Jill will need to buy 4 packages. (She needs more than 3 packages and cannot buy a part of a package.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> When dividing, you are finding out how many times something goes into something else, so you <strong>do not use units in the answer<\/strong>.<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 2<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Convert as needed to solve these word problems.<\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>Complete this chart from memory for your use. Check that it is correct.<br \/>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>The new refrigerator is 175 cm high. The directions say that 10 cm must be left above the refrigerator for air circulation. The height of the space for the refrigerator is 1.9 m. Will the refrigerator fit?<\/li>\n<li>The stairway is 89 cm wide. Bob is installing a carpet runner. The runner comes 1m wide. How much must be trimmed to make it fit on the stairway?<\/li>\n<li>Julia is calculating how much juice to buy for the children\u2019s school party. How many 250 mL cups will she be able to fill from a 4 L bottle of juice?<\/li>\n<li>Charles is 1.67 m tall. His wife Laura is 145 cm tall. How much taller is Charles than his wife?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">kilo<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">hecto<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deca<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deci<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">centi<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>Yes, with 5 cm to spare.<\/li>\n<li>11 cm<\/li>\n<li>16 glasses<\/li>\n<li>22 cm taller<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Only use one unit for a measurement.<\/p>\n<p>For example, use<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>2.75 m <strong>not<\/strong> 2 m, 75 cm<\/li>\n<li>60.5 kg <strong>not<\/strong> 60 kg, 500 g<\/li>\n<li>4.25 L <strong>not<\/strong> 4 L, 250 mL<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>When there is a mixed measurement such as shown in the examples, do this:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>convert the amount with the smaller unit value to the larger unit value (it will often be a decimal)<\/li>\n<li>add the amounts together<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example F<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>16 cm + 4 mm<\/p>\n<p>4 mm = 0.4 cm<\/p>\n<p>16 cm + 0.4 cm = 16.4 cm<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Example G<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>1 km + 350 m<\/p>\n<p>350 m = 0.350 km<\/p>\n<p>1 km + 0.35 km = 1.35 km<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 3<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Write these measurements using only one unit.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>5 L + 750 mL =<\/li>\n<li>3 kg + 150 g =<\/li>\n<li>1 m + 5 cm =<\/li>\n<li>5 m + 7 dm =<\/li>\n<li>6 m + 345 cm =<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 3<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>5.75 L<\/li>\n<li>3.15 kg<\/li>\n<li>1.05 m<\/li>\n<li>5.7 m<\/li>\n<li>9.45 m<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 4<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Here is more conversion practice.<\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" start=\"2\" type=\"a\">\n<li>3.2 km = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\n<li>0.006 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> mm<\/li>\n<li>1.64 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> g<\/li>\n<li>155 g = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> hg<\/li>\n<li>2 m + 16 cm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> m<\/li>\n<li>1 L + 50 mL = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> L<\/li>\n<li>89 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km<\/li>\n<li>457 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> hm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Watch for different units!<\/strong> Use the simplest form for the answer.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" start=\"10\" type=\"a\">\n<li>[latex]\\begin{array}{rr}&674 \\text{ mm}\\\\+&86\\text{\u00a0 cm}\\\\ \\hline\\\\ \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]\\begin{array}{rr}&5.5 \\text{ g}\\\\-&40\\text{\u00a0 dg}\\\\ \\hline\\\\ \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]\\begin{array}{rr}&45 \\text{ mL}\\\\+&16\\text{\u00a0 cL}\\\\ \\hline\\\\ \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>9954 mL \u2212 8.9 L =<\/li>\n<li>128 hm + 4 km =<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 4<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">kilo<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">hecto<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deca<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">deci<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">centi<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.29%\">milli<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" start=\"2\" type=\"a\">\n<li>3<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">200<\/span> m<\/li>\n<li>6 mm<\/li>\n<li>1<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">640<\/span> g<\/li>\n<li>1.55 hg<\/li>\n<li>2.16 m<\/li>\n<li>1.05 L<\/li>\n<li>0.089 km<\/li>\n<li>4.57 hm<\/li>\n<li>153.4 cm (1534 mm)<\/li>\n<li>1.5 g (15 dg)<\/li>\n<li>205 mL (20.5 cL)<\/li>\n<li>1.054 L<\/li>\n<li>16.8 km<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Dividing Two Items of the Same Units<\/h2>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p><strong>Heads up &#8211; a new important twist for you!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When you are dividing two items of the same units, the units <strong>cancel<\/strong> themselves out. This means that your answer <strong>will not have a unit.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Follow this example:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>5<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> g \u00f7 40 g = 125 (no units in the answer!)<\/li>\n<li>880 cm \u00f7 11 mm = 8<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">800<\/span> mm \u00f7 11 mm = 800 (no units!)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Exercise 5<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>\u00a06<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">000<\/span> g \u00f7 250 g =<\/li>\n<li>3.38 m \u00f7 .13 m =<\/li>\n<li>6 km \u00f7 .3 km =<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Answers to Exercise 5<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>24<\/li>\n<li>26<\/li>\n<li>20<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Topic D: Self-Test<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Mark \/16\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Aim 13\/16<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li>Give the measurement (unit with prefix as needed) that would be most practical to measure these items. (6 Marks)\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>a child\u2018s height<\/li>\n<li>a big bag of flour<\/li>\n<li>the distance from Ottawa to Toronto<\/li>\n<li>a box of oranges<\/li>\n<li>the distance from your seat to the door<\/li>\n<li>the flavouring to put in the cake batter<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Complete the metric conversions. (5 Marks)\n<ol class=\"twocolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>8 m = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> cm<\/li>\n<li>5.2 hm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> km<\/li>\n<li>4.2 kg = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> g<\/li>\n<li>242 dag = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> kg<\/li>\n<li>28 mm = <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" aria-label=\"blank\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span> cm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Calculate.\u00a0 Express the answer in simplest form.\u00a0 Watch the prefixes! (5 marks)\n<ol type=\"a\">\n<li>8.2 L \u2212 48 mL =<\/li>\n<li>42 mg + 2 dg =<\/li>\n<li>0.8 m \u00f7 20 cm =<\/li>\n<li>You need a strip of metal that is 97 cm in length.\u00a0The piece of metal that you found in the workshop is 1.3 m. How much must be cut off the end to give you a 97 cm strip? (2 marks)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Answers to Topic D Self-Test<\/h2>\n<ol type=\"A\">\n<li>Give the measurement that would be most practical.\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>cm<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>km<\/li>\n<li>kg<\/li>\n<li>m<\/li>\n<li>mL<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Complete the metric conversions.\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>800 cm<\/li>\n<li>0.52 km<\/li>\n<li>4<span style=\"margin-left: 0.25em\">200<\/span> g<\/li>\n<li>2.42 kg<\/li>\n<li>2.8 cm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Calculate.\n<ol class=\"threecolumn\" type=\"a\">\n<li>8.152 L<\/li>\n<li>242 mg<\/li>\n<li>4<\/li>\n<li>33 cm<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Metric System vs. Imperial System<\/h1>\n<p>Originally, people would measure things compared to their body parts.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>In French, the word for inch is <em>pouce<\/em>, which means thumb. So, really, an inch came from the measurement of a thumb.<\/li>\n<li>We still use the foot for measurement. It came from the measurement of an average person\u2018s foot.<\/li>\n<li>If you have ever heard anyone talking about horses, you may have heard about a horse being a certain number of hands tall.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>But the imperial system has problems. Measuring things with your own body is not practical because we are all different shapes. And if you have ever tried to divide a foot into 5 equal parts, you will know that it is not easily done. (A foot is 12 inches, which is not easily divided into 5 equal parts). This problem is found with almost all measurements in the imperial system.<\/p>\n<p>Then, the International System (also known as Metric) was created to make it even easier for people to work with measurements. It is made on a Base Ten System. The Base Ten System is another name for the decimal number system that we use every day. Because we already use the Base Ten System as our decimal system, which many cultures around the world use, it is easy to measure things and divide them up or add them together.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some of the measurements that you may see in the Imperial System and the Metric System:<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">Measurement<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Length<\/th>\n<td>Inch, foot, yard, mile<\/td>\n<td>Millimetre, centimetre, metre, kilometre<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Mass<\/th>\n<td>Ounce, pound, ton<\/td>\n<td>Milligram, gram, kilogram<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"row\">Volume<\/th>\n<td>Fluid ounce, cup, pint, quart, gallon<\/td>\n<td>Millilitre, litre, kilolitre<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Here are some conversions between the two systems:<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<caption>Length<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 inch<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">2.54 cm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 foot<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.30 m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 mile<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1.61 km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1.09 yards or 3.28 feet<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.62 miles<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 km<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<caption>Mass<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 ounce<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">28.35 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 pound<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.45 kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.04 ounces<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 g<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">2.20 pounds<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 kg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%\">\n<caption>Volume<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">Imperial System<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 50%\" scope=\"col\">International System (Metric)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 fluid ounce<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">29.57 mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 quart<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.95 L<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 gallon<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">3.79 L<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">0.03 fluid ounces<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 mL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1.06 quarts<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%\">1 L<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>You may find this is useful information. <\/strong><strong>It is not necessary to learn or memorize any of the above 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