{"id":102,"date":"2019-01-11T12:33:54","date_gmt":"2019-01-11T17:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/mste5120physicalscience\/?post_type=chapter&p=102"},"modified":"2019-01-19T01:40:02","modified_gmt":"2019-01-19T06:40:02","slug":"activity-2-pop-rockets","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/mste5120physicalscience\/chapter\/activity-2-pop-rockets\/","title":{"raw":"Activity 2 - Pop rockets","rendered":"Activity 2 – Pop rockets"},"content":{"raw":"Yes, it is Rocket Science! <\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nObjective<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe objective of this lab is to build your own \u201cpop rocket\u201d and to measure its performance while changing the amount of \u201cfuel\u201d.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nTheory<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nFor every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.\u00a0 This is called Newton\u2019s Third Law.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nBlow up a balloon and then let the air escape.\u00a0 Notice that as the air moves in one direction, the balloon moves in the opposite direction.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThis balloon is actually a rocket.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIn this lab, you are going to control your rocket better.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nWhen the fizzy tablet is placed in water, many little bubbles of gas escape. The bubbles go up, instead of down, because they weigh less than water. When the bubbles get to the surface of the water, they break open. All that gas that has escaped from the bubbles pushes on the sides of the canister.\r\n\r\nNow when you blow up a balloon, the air makes the balloon stretch bigger and bigger. But the little film canister doesn't stretch and all this gas has to go somewhere! Eventually, something has to give. \u00a0So the canister pops its top (which is really its bottom, since it's upside down). All the water and gas rush down and out, pushing the canister up and up, along with the rocket attached to it. Real rockets work kind of the same way. But instead of using tablets that fizz in water, they use rocket fuel.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nSpace Shuttle Launch from Cape Canaveral\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nThe rocket that launched Deep Space 1 on October 24, 1998, had four different kinds of engines. Some pushed the rocket off the ground. Then some helped it continue its climb into space. Others gave the Deep Space 1 spacecraft its final push away from Earth. But all of them forced a gas to shoot out of the rocket, thus pushing the rocket the other way.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nWe call this wonderful and useful fact the law of action and reaction. This is Newton\u2019s third law.\u00a0 The action is the gas rushing out of the rocket. The reaction is the rocket taking off in the other direction. In other words, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The rocket goes in the opposite direction from the gas, and the faster the gas leaves the rocket, the faster the rocket gets pushed the other way.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nHints: Keep in mind: Just like with real rockets, the less your rocket weighs and the less air resistance (drag) it has, the higher it will go.\r\n\r\nForce = mass x acceleration is Newton\u2019s second law.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nInspired by \u201cMake a Pop Rocket\u201d from http:\/\/spaceplace.jpl.nasa.gov\/rocket.htm\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nMaterials: <\/strong>\r\n\r\nPlastic 35-mm film canister\r\n\r\nThe film canister MUST be one with a cap that fits INSIDE the rim instead of over the outside of the rim. Sometimes photography shops have extras of these and will be happy to donate some for such a worthy cause. Fuji Film is the best brand to use.\r\n\r\nEffervescing (fizzing) antacid tablet\r\n\r\nThe kind used to settle an upset stomach such as Alka-Seltzer)\r\n\r\nWater\r\n\r\nEye protection (like eye glasses, sun glasses, or safety glasses)\r\n\r\nPaper Towels\r\n\r\nOptional to make a paper covering for your rocket.\r\n\r\nPaper, regular 8-1\/2- by 11-inch paper\r\n\r\nCellophane tape\r\n\r\nScissors\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nProcedure:<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nAssemble a \u201cpop rocket\u201d as shown.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nLid<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTablet<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\nCanister<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Before\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 After\u00a0 (stand back)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\nBlasting Off Instructions<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. Put on your eye protection.<\/li>\r\n \t
  2. Turn the rocket upside down and remove the canister's lid.<\/li>\r\n \t
  3. Fill the canister one-half full of water.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nNow work quickly on the next steps.\r\n
      \r\n \t
    1. Drop one-half of an effervescing antacid tablet into the canister.<\/li>\r\n \t
    2. Snap the lid on tight.<\/li>\r\n \t
    3. Stand your rocket on a launch platform, such as your sidewalk or driveway. The lid goes \u201cdown\u201d. The lid touches the sidewalk.<\/li>\r\n \t
    4. Stand back and wait. Your rocket will blast off. It might take as long as one minute.<\/li>\r\n \t
    5. Measure the height to which it flies using \u00bd a tablet when it is one-half full of water<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\nPredict:\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nWhat will happen if you add more water?\u00a0 Will it go higher or not so high?\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nWhat will happen if you add more tablets, or more fuel?\u00a0 Will it go higher?\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nWhat do you predict is the best combination of water and tablets to reach maximum height?\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nObserve:\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nTo achieve the greatest height, the best amount of water to use was ___.\r\n\r\nTo achieve the greatest height when the rocket is\u00a0 ___________ of water, the best tablet size is\u00a0\u00a0 _____________.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nExplain:\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nReflect (optional)\u00a0 How might I use this activity in my class?\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ","rendered":"

      Yes, it is Rocket Science! <\/strong><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Objective<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      The objective of this lab is to build your own \u201cpop rocket\u201d and to measure its performance while changing the amount of \u201cfuel\u201d.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Theory<\/strong><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.\u00a0 This is called Newton\u2019s Third Law.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Blow up a balloon and then let the air escape.\u00a0 Notice that as the air moves in one direction, the balloon moves in the opposite direction.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      This balloon is actually a rocket.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      In this lab, you are going to control your rocket better.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      When the fizzy tablet is placed in water, many little bubbles of gas escape. The bubbles go up, instead of down, because they weigh less than water. When the bubbles get to the surface of the water, they break open. All that gas that has escaped from the bubbles pushes on the sides of the canister.<\/p>\n

      Now when you blow up a balloon, the air makes the balloon stretch bigger and bigger. But the little film canister doesn’t stretch and all this gas has to go somewhere! Eventually, something has to give. \u00a0So the canister pops its top (which is really its bottom, since it’s upside down). All the water and gas rush down and out, pushing the canister up and up, along with the rocket attached to it. Real rockets work kind of the same way. But instead of using tablets that fizz in water, they use rocket fuel.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Space Shuttle Launch from Cape Canaveral<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      The rocket that launched Deep Space 1 on October 24, 1998, had four different kinds of engines. Some pushed the rocket off the ground. Then some helped it continue its climb into space. Others gave the Deep Space 1 spacecraft its final push away from Earth. But all of them forced a gas to shoot out of the rocket, thus pushing the rocket the other way.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      We call this wonderful and useful fact the law of action and reaction. This is Newton\u2019s third law.\u00a0 The action is the gas rushing out of the rocket. The reaction is the rocket taking off in the other direction. In other words, for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The rocket goes in the opposite direction from the gas, and the faster the gas leaves the rocket, the faster the rocket gets pushed the other way.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Hints: Keep in mind: Just like with real rockets, the less your rocket weighs and the less air resistance (drag) it has, the higher it will go.<\/p>\n

      Force = mass x acceleration is Newton\u2019s second law.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Inspired by \u201cMake a Pop Rocket\u201d from http:\/\/spaceplace.jpl.nasa.gov\/rocket.htm<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Materials: <\/strong><\/p>\n

      Plastic 35-mm film canister<\/p>\n

      The film canister MUST be one with a cap that fits INSIDE the rim instead of over the outside of the rim. Sometimes photography shops have extras of these and will be happy to donate some for such a worthy cause. Fuji Film is the best brand to use.<\/p>\n

      Effervescing (fizzing) antacid tablet<\/p>\n

      The kind used to settle an upset stomach such as Alka-Seltzer)<\/p>\n

      Water<\/p>\n

      Eye protection (like eye glasses, sun glasses, or safety glasses)<\/p>\n

      Paper Towels<\/p>\n

      Optional to make a paper covering for your rocket.<\/p>\n

      Paper, regular 8-1\/2- by 11-inch paper<\/p>\n

      Cellophane tape<\/p>\n

      Scissors<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Procedure:<\/strong><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Assemble a \u201cpop rocket\u201d as shown.<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      Lid<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Tablet<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Canister<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Before\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 After\u00a0 (stand back)<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Blasting Off Instructions<\/strong><\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Put on your eye protection.<\/li>\n
      2. Turn the rocket upside down and remove the canister’s lid.<\/li>\n
      3. Fill the canister one-half full of water.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Now work quickly on the next steps.<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. Drop one-half of an effervescing antacid tablet into the canister.<\/li>\n
        2. Snap the lid on tight.<\/li>\n
        3. Stand your rocket on a launch platform, such as your sidewalk or driveway. The lid goes \u201cdown\u201d. The lid touches the sidewalk.<\/li>\n
        4. Stand back and wait. Your rocket will blast off. It might take as long as one minute.<\/li>\n
        5. Measure the height to which it flies using \u00bd a tablet when it is one-half full of water<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          Predict:<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          What will happen if you add more water?\u00a0 Will it go higher or not so high?<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          What will happen if you add more tablets, or more fuel?\u00a0 Will it go higher?<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          What do you predict is the best combination of water and tablets to reach maximum height?<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Observe:<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          To achieve the greatest height, the best amount of water to use was ___.<\/p>\n

          To achieve the greatest height when the rocket is\u00a0 ___________ of water, the best tablet size is\u00a0\u00a0 _____________.<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Explain:<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

          Reflect (optional)\u00a0 How might I use this activity in my class?<\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

           <\/p>\n

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