{"id":2293,"date":"2026-05-22T04:20:00","date_gmt":"2026-05-22T08:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=2293"},"modified":"2026-05-29T01:04:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T05:04:21","slug":"chapter-14-learning-in-practice","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/chapter\/chapter-14-learning-in-practice\/","title":{"raw":"Learning in Practice","rendered":"Learning in Practice"},"content":{"raw":"In this section, you will use past-tense forms to talk about simple events. You will practise saying what you did yesterday, where you went, what you ate, and who you met.\r\n<h2>Try it in real life<\/h2>\r\nThink about yesterday. Choose three things you did and say them in Nepali.\r\n\r\nExample:\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\nYesterday, I went to the market.\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo maile kh\u0101n\u0101 kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\nYesterday, I ate food.\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0940 \u092d\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo maile s\u0101th\u012b bhe\u1e6de\u0303.<\/em>\r\nYesterday, I met a friend.\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo maile Nep\u0101l\u012b pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em>\r\nYesterday, I studied Nepali.\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u0918\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092c\u0938\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo ma gharm\u0101 base\u0303.<\/em>\r\nYesterday, I stayed at home.\r\n<h3>Practice task<\/h3>\r\nPractise this short exchange with a partner:\r\n\r\nA: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?\r\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke garnubhayo?<\/em>\r\n\r\nB: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo maile Nep\u0101l\u012b pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em>\r\n\r\nA: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?\r\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303 kah\u0101\u0303 j\u0101nubhayo?<\/em>\r\n\r\nB: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\n\r\nA: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?\r\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke kh\u0101nubhayo?<\/em>\r\n\r\nB: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0932\u092d\u093e\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo maile d\u0101lbhat kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\n<h2>Mini culture note<\/h2>\r\nTalking about past events is useful in everyday Nepali conversation. People often talk about what they did yesterday, where they went, what they ate, or who they met.\r\n\r\nTime words such as \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b (<em>hijo<\/em>), \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f (<em>asti<\/em>), and \u092a\u0939\u093f\u0932\u0947 (<em>pahile<\/em>) help listeners understand that you are talking about the past.\r\n<h2>Common mistake<\/h2>\r\nDo not use present-tense forms when talking about past events.\r\n\r\nPresent:\r\n\r\n\u092e \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0928\u094d\u091b\u0941\u0964\r\n<em>ma kh\u0101n\u0101 kh\u0101nchu.<\/em>\r\nI eat food.\r\n\r\nPast:\r\n\r\n\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>maile kh\u0101n\u0101 kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\nI ate food.\r\n\r\nPresent:\r\n\r\n\u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u094d\u091b\u0941\u0964\r\n<em>ma baj\u0101r j\u0101nchu.<\/em>\r\nI go to the market.\r\n\r\nPast:\r\n\r\n\u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\nI went to the market.\r\n\r\nAlso notice that many past-tense sentences use \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 (<em>maile<\/em>) when the subject is \u201cI\u201d and the verb is transitive, such as \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 (<em>kh\u0101ne<\/em>), \u092a\u0922\u094d\u0928\u0947 (<em>pa\u1e0dhne<\/em>), or \u092d\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0928\u0947 (<em>bhe\u1e6dne<\/em>).\r\n<h2>Say it aloud<\/h2>\r\nPractise these slowly. Then say them more naturally.\r\n\r\nAfter you practise, use the audio recorder below to record yourself. Listen to your recording and try again if you want to improve your pronunciation.\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0964\r\n<em>hijo.<\/em>\r\nYesterday.\r\n\r\n\u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964\r\n<em>asti.<\/em>\r\nThe day before yesterday \/ recently.\r\n\r\n\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>maile kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\nI ate.\r\n\r\n\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>maile pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em>\r\nI studied \/ read.\r\n\r\n\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>maile bhe\u1e6de\u0303.<\/em>\r\nI met.\r\n\r\n\u092e \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>ma ga\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\nI went.\r\n\r\n\u092e \u092c\u0938\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>ma base\u0303.<\/em>\r\nI stayed \/ sat.\r\n<h3>Rhythm practice<\/h3>\r\nRead this short exchange aloud:\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?\r\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke garnubhayo?<\/em>\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo maile Nep\u0101l\u012b pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em>\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?\r\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303 kah\u0101\u0303 j\u0101nubhayo?<\/em>\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?\r\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke kh\u0101nubhayo?<\/em>\r\n\r\n\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0932\u092d\u093e\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964\r\n<em>hijo maile d\u0101lbhat kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"605\"]\r\n<h2>Can-do checklist<\/h2>\r\nBy the end of this chapter, I can:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>use \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b (<em>hijo<\/em>) to talk about yesterday<\/li>\r\n \t<li>use \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f (<em>asti<\/em>) to talk about the recent past<\/li>\r\n \t<li>say what I did yesterday<\/li>\r\n \t<li>say where I went<\/li>\r\n \t<li>say what I ate<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ask someone what they did<\/li>\r\n \t<li>ask someone where they went<\/li>\r\n \t<li>recognize simple past-tense forms<\/li>\r\n \t<li>use short past-tense sentences in Nepali<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p>In this section, you will use past-tense forms to talk about simple events. You will practise saying what you did yesterday, where you went, what you ate, and who you met.<\/p>\n<h2>Try it in real life<\/h2>\n<p>Think about yesterday. Choose three things you did and say them in Nepali.<\/p>\n<p>Example:<\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em><br \/>\nYesterday, I went to the market.<\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo maile kh\u0101n\u0101 kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em><br \/>\nYesterday, I ate food.<\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925\u0940 \u092d\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo maile s\u0101th\u012b bhe\u1e6de\u0303.<\/em><br \/>\nYesterday, I met a friend.<\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo maile Nep\u0101l\u012b pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em><br \/>\nYesterday, I studied Nepali.<\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u0918\u0930\u092e\u093e \u092c\u0938\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo ma gharm\u0101 base\u0303.<\/em><br \/>\nYesterday, I stayed at home.<\/p>\n<h3>Practice task<\/h3>\n<p>Practise this short exchange with a partner:<\/p>\n<p>A: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?<br \/>\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke garnubhayo?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>B: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo maile Nep\u0101l\u012b pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?<br \/>\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303 kah\u0101\u0303 j\u0101nubhayo?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>B: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?<br \/>\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke kh\u0101nubhayo?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>B: \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0932\u092d\u093e\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo maile d\u0101lbhat kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>Mini culture note<\/h2>\n<p>Talking about past events is useful in everyday Nepali conversation. People often talk about what they did yesterday, where they went, what they ate, or who they met.<\/p>\n<p>Time words such as \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b (<em>hijo<\/em>), \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f (<em>asti<\/em>), and \u092a\u0939\u093f\u0932\u0947 (<em>pahile<\/em>) help listeners understand that you are talking about the past.<\/p>\n<h2>Common mistake<\/h2>\n<p>Do not use present-tense forms when talking about past events.<\/p>\n<p>Present:<\/p>\n<p>\u092e \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0928\u094d\u091b\u0941\u0964<br \/>\n<em>ma kh\u0101n\u0101 kh\u0101nchu.<\/em><br \/>\nI eat food.<\/p>\n<p>Past:<\/p>\n<p>\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>maile kh\u0101n\u0101 kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em><br \/>\nI ate food.<\/p>\n<p>Present:<\/p>\n<p>\u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u094d\u091b\u0941\u0964<br \/>\n<em>ma baj\u0101r j\u0101nchu.<\/em><br \/>\nI go to the market.<\/p>\n<p>Past:<\/p>\n<p>\u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em><br \/>\nI went to the market.<\/p>\n<p>Also notice that many past-tense sentences use \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 (<em>maile<\/em>) when the subject is \u201cI\u201d and the verb is transitive, such as \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947 (<em>kh\u0101ne<\/em>), \u092a\u0922\u094d\u0928\u0947 (<em>pa\u1e0dhne<\/em>), or \u092d\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0928\u0947 (<em>bhe\u1e6dne<\/em>).<\/p>\n<h2>Say it aloud<\/h2>\n<p>Practise these slowly. Then say them more naturally.<\/p>\n<p>After you practise, use the audio recorder below to record yourself. Listen to your recording and try again if you want to improve your pronunciation.<\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo.<\/em><br \/>\nYesterday.<\/p>\n<p>\u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0964<br \/>\n<em>asti.<\/em><br \/>\nThe day before yesterday \/ recently.<\/p>\n<p>\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>maile kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em><br \/>\nI ate.<\/p>\n<p>\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>maile pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em><br \/>\nI studied \/ read.<\/p>\n<p>\u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u092d\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>maile bhe\u1e6de\u0303.<\/em><br \/>\nI met.<\/p>\n<p>\u092e \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>ma ga\u1ebd.<\/em><br \/>\nI went.<\/p>\n<p>\u092e \u092c\u0938\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>ma base\u0303.<\/em><br \/>\nI stayed \/ sat.<\/p>\n<h3>Rhythm practice<\/h3>\n<p>Read this short exchange aloud:<\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?<br \/>\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke garnubhayo?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0922\u0947\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo maile Nep\u0101l\u012b pa\u1e0dhe\u0303.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?<br \/>\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303 kah\u0101\u0303 j\u0101nubhayo?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0917\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo ma baj\u0101r ga\u1ebd.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092d\u092f\u094b?<br \/>\n<em>hijo tap\u0101\u012b\u0303le ke kh\u0101nubhayo?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0932\u0947 \u0926\u093e\u0932\u092d\u093e\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u090f\u0901\u0964<br \/>\n<em>hijo maile d\u0101lbhat kh\u0101\u1ebd.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-605\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-605\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"605\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Audio Recorder\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Can-do checklist<\/h2>\n<p>By the end of this chapter, I can:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>use \u0939\u093f\u091c\u094b (<em>hijo<\/em>) to talk about yesterday<\/li>\n<li>use \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f (<em>asti<\/em>) to talk about the recent past<\/li>\n<li>say what I did yesterday<\/li>\n<li>say where I went<\/li>\n<li>say what I ate<\/li>\n<li>ask someone what they did<\/li>\n<li>ask someone where they went<\/li>\n<li>recognize simple past-tense forms<\/li>\n<li>use short past-tense sentences in Nepali<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"author":2466,"menu_order":9,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":"cc-by-nc-sa"},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[57],"class_list":["post-2293","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","license-cc-by-nc-sa"],"part":297,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2293","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2466"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2293\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2776,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2293\/revisions\/2776"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/297"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/2293\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=2293"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2293"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}