{"id":107,"date":"2025-11-08T21:48:47","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T02:48:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/part\/chapter-4-ownership-and-belongings\/"},"modified":"2026-05-28T23:57:13","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T03:57:13","slug":"chapter-4-ownership-and-belongings","status":"publish","type":"part","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/part\/chapter-4-ownership-and-belongings\/","title":{"raw":"Chapter 4 \u2013 Ownership and Belongings","rendered":"Chapter 4 \u2013 Ownership and Belongings"},"content":{"raw":"

Overview<\/h1>\r\n

In this chapter, you will learn how to ask and answer \u201cWhose is this?\u201d in polite Nepali. You will practice high-frequency possessive forms such as \u092e\u0947\u0930\u094b (mero<\/i>) \u201cmy,\u201d \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u094b (tap\u0101\u012b\u0303ko<\/i>) \u201cyour\u201d (polite), and \u0909\u0939\u093e\u0901\u0915\u094b (uh\u0101\u0303ko<\/i>) \u201chis\/her\u201d (honorific).<\/p>\r\n

You will also learn how Nepali marks possession using the genitive endings -\u0915\u094b (<\/span>-ko<\/em>), -\u0915\u093e (<\/span>-k\u0101<\/em>), and -\u0915\u0940 (<\/span>-k\u012b<\/em>). These endings change depending on what is being described. For example, \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u094b \u0918\u0930 (<\/span>tap\u0101\u012b\u0303ko ghar<\/em>) means \u201cyour house,\u201d \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u0939\u0930\u0942 (<\/span>tap\u0101\u012b\u0303k\u0101 kit\u0101bhar\u016b<\/em>) means \u201cyour books,\u201d and \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0930\u0940 (<\/span>tap\u0101\u012b\u0303k\u012b chor\u012b<\/em>) means \u201cyour daughter.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\r\n

You will use these patterns in realistic situations such as identifying classroom items and handling lost-and-found conversations.<\/p>\r\n\r\n

\r\n

Learning Objectives<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n
\r\n

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:<\/p>\r\n\r\n

    \r\n \t
  • ask about ownership using \u0915\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b? (kasko?<\/em>) and answer with polite possessive forms (\u092e\u0947\u0930\u094b mero <\/em>\/ \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u094b tap\u0101\u012b\u0303ko<\/em> \/ \u0909\u0939\u093e\u0901\u0915\u094b uh\u0101\u0303ko<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t
  • use the possession marker \u2013\u0915\u094b \/ \u2013\u0915\u093e \/ \u2013\u0915\u0940 (\u2013ko \/ \u2013k\u0101 \/ \u2013k\u012b<\/em>) with correct agreement based on the owned noun<\/li>\r\n \t
  • form plural ownership expressions (e.g., \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u0939\u0930\u0942 mer\u0101 kit\u0101bhar\u016b<\/em>; \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u093e \u091a\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0939\u0930\u0942 tap\u0101\u012b\u0303k\u0101 c\u0101b\u012bhar\u016b<\/em>; \u0909\u0939\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093e \u091d\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0942 uh\u0101\u0303k\u0101 jhol\u0101har\u016b<\/em>)<\/li>\r\n \t
  • use affirmative and negative identification sentences with \u0939\u094b\/\u0939\u0941\u0928\u094d (ho\/hun<\/em>) and \u0939\u094b\u0907\u0928\/\u0939\u094b\u0907\u0928\u0928\u094d (hoina\/hoinan<\/em>) when talking about belongings<\/li>\r\n \t
  • participate in short, polite exchanges for claiming and returning items<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"

    Overview<\/h1>\n

    In this chapter, you will learn how to ask and answer \u201cWhose is this?\u201d in polite Nepali. You will practice high-frequency possessive forms such as \u092e\u0947\u0930\u094b (mero<\/i>) \u201cmy,\u201d \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u094b (tap\u0101\u012b\u0303ko<\/i>) \u201cyour\u201d (polite), and \u0909\u0939\u093e\u0901\u0915\u094b (uh\u0101\u0303ko<\/i>) \u201chis\/her\u201d (honorific).<\/p>\n

    You will also learn how Nepali marks possession using the genitive endings -\u0915\u094b (<\/span>-ko<\/em>), -\u0915\u093e (<\/span>-k\u0101<\/em>), and -\u0915\u0940 (<\/span>-k\u012b<\/em>). These endings change depending on what is being described. For example, \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u094b \u0918\u0930 (<\/span>tap\u0101\u012b\u0303ko ghar<\/em>) means \u201cyour house,\u201d \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u0939\u0930\u0942 (<\/span>tap\u0101\u012b\u0303k\u0101 kit\u0101bhar\u016b<\/em>) means \u201cyour books,\u201d and \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u0940 \u091b\u094b\u0930\u0940 (<\/span>tap\u0101\u012b\u0303k\u012b chor\u012b<\/em>) means \u201cyour daughter.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

    You will use these patterns in realistic situations such as identifying classroom items and handling lost-and-found conversations.<\/p>\n

    \n
    \n

    Learning Objectives<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n
    \n

    By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • ask about ownership using \u0915\u0938\u094d\u0915\u094b? (kasko?<\/em>) and answer with polite possessive forms (\u092e\u0947\u0930\u094b mero <\/em>\/ \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u094b tap\u0101\u012b\u0303ko<\/em> \/ \u0909\u0939\u093e\u0901\u0915\u094b uh\u0101\u0303ko<\/em>)<\/li>\n
    • use the possession marker \u2013\u0915\u094b \/ \u2013\u0915\u093e \/ \u2013\u0915\u0940 (\u2013ko \/ \u2013k\u0101 \/ \u2013k\u012b<\/em>) with correct agreement based on the owned noun<\/li>\n
    • form plural ownership expressions (e.g., \u092e\u0947\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0924\u093e\u092c\u0939\u0930\u0942 mer\u0101 kit\u0101bhar\u016b<\/em>; \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0908\u0902\u0915\u093e \u091a\u093e\u092c\u0940\u0939\u0930\u0942 tap\u0101\u012b\u0303k\u0101 c\u0101b\u012bhar\u016b<\/em>; \u0909\u0939\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093e \u091d\u094b\u0932\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0942 uh\u0101\u0303k\u0101 jhol\u0101har\u016b<\/em>)<\/li>\n
    • use affirmative and negative identification sentences with \u0939\u094b\/\u0939\u0941\u0928\u094d (ho\/hun<\/em>) and \u0939\u094b\u0907\u0928\/\u0939\u094b\u0907\u0928\u0928\u094d (hoina\/hoinan<\/em>) when talking about belongings<\/li>\n
    • participate in short, polite exchanges for claiming and returning items<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"parent":0,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_part_invisible":false,"pb_part_invisible_string":""},"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-107","part","type-part","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/part"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/107\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2733,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/107\/revisions\/2733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=107"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nepali\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}