{"id":274,"date":"2019-06-25T16:01:50","date_gmt":"2019-06-25T20:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/chapter\/summary-of-major-minerals\/"},"modified":"2019-07-24T02:11:35","modified_gmt":"2019-07-24T06:11:35","slug":"summary-of-major-minerals","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/chapter\/summary-of-major-minerals\/","title":{"raw":"Summary of Major Minerals","rendered":"Summary of Major Minerals"},"content":{"raw":"Table 8.7 A Summary of the \u00a0Major Minerals\r\n
\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Micronutrient<\/td>\r\nSources<\/td>\r\nRecommended Intakes for adults<\/td>\r\nMajor functions<\/td>\r\nDeficiency diseases and symptoms<\/td>\r\nGroups at risk for deficiency<\/td>\r\nToxicity<\/td>\r\nUL<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Calcium<\/td>\r\nYogurt, cheese, sardines, milk, orange juice, turnip<\/td>\r\n1,000 mg\/day<\/td>\r\nComponent of mineralized bone, provides structure and microarchitecture<\/td>\r\nIncreased risk of osteoporosis<\/td>\r\nPostmenopausal women, those who are lactose intolerant, or vegan<\/td>\r\nKidney stones<\/td>\r\n2,500 mg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Phosphorus<\/td>\r\nSalmon, yogurt, turkey, chicken, beef, lentils<\/td>\r\n700 mg\/day<\/td>\r\nStructural component of bones, cell membrane, DNA and RNA, and ATP<\/td>\r\nBone loss, weak bones<\/td>\r\nOlder adults, alcoholics<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n3,000 mg<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Magnesium<\/td>\r\nWhole grains and legumes, almonds, cashews, hazelnuts, beets, collards, and kelp<\/td>\r\n420 mg\/day<\/td>\r\nComponent of mineralized bone, ATP synthesis and utilization, carbohydrate, lipid, protein, RNA, and DNA synthesis<\/td>\r\nTremor, muscle spasms, loss of appetite, nausea<\/td>\r\nAlcoholics, individuals with kidney and gastrointestinal disease<\/td>\r\nNausea, vomiting, low blood pressure<\/td>\r\n350 mg\/day<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Sulfur<\/td>\r\nProtein foods<\/td>\r\nNone specified<\/td>\r\nStructure of some vitamins and amino acids, acid-base balance<\/td>\r\nNone when protein needs are met<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\nND<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Sodium<\/td>\r\nProcessed foods, table salt, pork, chicken<\/td>\r\n< 2,300 mg\/day; ideally 1,500 mg\/day<\/td>\r\nMajor positive extracellular ion, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, fluid balance<\/td>\r\nMuscle cramps<\/td>\r\nPeople consuming too much water, excessive sweating, those with vomiting or diarrhea<\/td>\r\nHigh blood pressure<\/td>\r\n2,300 mg\/day<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Potassium<\/td>\r\nFruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, milk<\/td>\r\n4700 mg\/day<\/td>\r\nMajor positive intracellular ion, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, fluid balance<\/td>\r\nIrregular heartbeat, muscle cramps<\/td>\r\nPeople consuming diets high in processed meats, those with vomiting or diarrhea<\/td>\r\nAbnormal heartbeat<\/td>\r\nND<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Chloride<\/td>\r\nTable salt, processed foods<\/td>\r\n<3600 mg\/day; ideally 2300 mg\/day<\/td>\r\nMajor negative extracellular ion, fluid balance<\/td>\r\nUnlikely<\/td>\r\nnone<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n3,600 mg\/day<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"

Table 8.7 A Summary of the \u00a0Major Minerals<\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Micronutrient<\/td>\nSources<\/td>\nRecommended Intakes for adults<\/td>\nMajor functions<\/td>\nDeficiency diseases and symptoms<\/td>\nGroups at risk for deficiency<\/td>\nToxicity<\/td>\nUL<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Calcium<\/td>\nYogurt, cheese, sardines, milk, orange juice, turnip<\/td>\n1,000 mg\/day<\/td>\nComponent of mineralized bone, provides structure and microarchitecture<\/td>\nIncreased risk of osteoporosis<\/td>\nPostmenopausal women, those who are lactose intolerant, or vegan<\/td>\nKidney stones<\/td>\n2,500 mg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Phosphorus<\/td>\nSalmon, yogurt, turkey, chicken, beef, lentils<\/td>\n700 mg\/day<\/td>\nStructural component of bones, cell membrane, DNA and RNA, and ATP<\/td>\nBone loss, weak bones<\/td>\nOlder adults, alcoholics<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n3,000 mg<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Magnesium<\/td>\nWhole grains and legumes, almonds, cashews, hazelnuts, beets, collards, and kelp<\/td>\n420 mg\/day<\/td>\nComponent of mineralized bone, ATP synthesis and utilization, carbohydrate, lipid, protein, RNA, and DNA synthesis<\/td>\nTremor, muscle spasms, loss of appetite, nausea<\/td>\nAlcoholics, individuals with kidney and gastrointestinal disease<\/td>\nNausea, vomiting, low blood pressure<\/td>\n350 mg\/day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sulfur<\/td>\nProtein foods<\/td>\nNone specified<\/td>\nStructure of some vitamins and amino acids, acid-base balance<\/td>\nNone when protein needs are met<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\nND<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sodium<\/td>\nProcessed foods, table salt, pork, chicken<\/td>\n< 2,300 mg\/day; ideally 1,500 mg\/day<\/td>\nMajor positive extracellular ion, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, fluid balance<\/td>\nMuscle cramps<\/td>\nPeople consuming too much water, excessive sweating, those with vomiting or diarrhea<\/td>\nHigh blood pressure<\/td>\n2,300 mg\/day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Potassium<\/td>\nFruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, milk<\/td>\n4700 mg\/day<\/td>\nMajor positive intracellular ion, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, fluid balance<\/td>\nIrregular heartbeat, muscle cramps<\/td>\nPeople consuming diets high in processed meats, those with vomiting or diarrhea<\/td>\nAbnormal heartbeat<\/td>\nND<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chloride<\/td>\nTable salt, processed foods<\/td>\n<3600 mg\/day; ideally 2300 mg\/day<\/td>\nMajor negative extracellular ion, fluid balance<\/td>\nUnlikely<\/td>\nnone<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n3,600 mg\/day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":766,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":"cc-by-nc-sa"},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[56],"class_list":["post-274","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless","license-cc-by-nc-sa"],"part":264,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/766"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/274\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1181,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/274\/revisions\/1181"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/264"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/274\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=274"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=274"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/nutr1100\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}