{"id":7660,"date":"2024-12-05T16:17:32","date_gmt":"2024-12-05T21:17:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/chapter\/overview-of-pathologies-in-neuromuscular-control\/"},"modified":"2025-08-18T19:05:19","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T23:05:19","slug":"overview-of-pathologies-in-neuromuscular-control","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/chapter\/overview-of-pathologies-in-neuromuscular-control\/","title":{"raw":"Overview of Exemplars of Pathologies in Neuromuscular Control","rendered":"Overview of Exemplars of Pathologies in Neuromuscular Control"},"content":{"raw":"In our previous chapters, we explored several components of the neuromuscular system including the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. In this chapter we will build on this knowledge by discussing the pathophysiology of different diseases that involve the neuromuscular system. There are a huge number of diseases that can impact the neuromuscular system. In the following sections, we have chosen to highlight six different diseases that act on different components of the neuromuscular system. It's important to understand that neuromuscular disorders can result from deficits <em>anywhere<\/em> along the pathway from the cerebral cortex to the skeletal muscle.\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_7385\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"888\"]<img class=\"wp-image-7385 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars.png\" alt=\"a green line denotes the motor message leaving along the upper motor neuron (i.e. the CNS from primary motor cortex through the spinal cord) to the lower motor neuron (peripheral nervous system). Red text denotes the five exemplars of pathologies: TBI &amp; ischemic stroke for Brain, Multiple sclerosis for brain spinal cord, myasthenia gravis for neuromuscular junction, diabetic neuropathy for peripheral nerves, and muscular dystrophy for muscle\" width=\"888\" height=\"899\" \/> A summary of the neuromuscular system. The diseases that we covered in this chapter are indicated in red, along with their principal site of action along the pathway of neuromuscular transmission. Used and adapted under creative commons license, original author Rcchang16 (File:UMN vs LMN.png - Wikimedia Commons).[\/caption]\r\n\r\nAs we go through these diseases, think back to our previous chapters where we learned about the <em>normal<\/em> physiology and anatomy of each component. It's important to understand what happens in normal conditions so we can begin to learn about the consequences to the body during disease or injury. You may feel overwhelmed while reading this chapter - the neuromuscular system is complex! Make sure you review our previous chapters when you need to refresh your knowledge of these challenging topics.","rendered":"<p>In our previous chapters, we explored several components of the neuromuscular system including the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. In this chapter we will build on this knowledge by discussing the pathophysiology of different diseases that involve the neuromuscular system. There are a huge number of diseases that can impact the neuromuscular system. In the following sections, we have chosen to highlight six different diseases that act on different components of the neuromuscular system. It&#8217;s important to understand that neuromuscular disorders can result from deficits <em>anywhere<\/em> along the pathway from the cerebral cortex to the skeletal muscle.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_7385\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7385\" style=\"width: 888px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-7385 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars.png\" alt=\"a green line denotes the motor message leaving along the upper motor neuron (i.e. the CNS from primary motor cortex through the spinal cord) to the lower motor neuron (peripheral nervous system). Red text denotes the five exemplars of pathologies: TBI &amp; ischemic stroke for Brain, Multiple sclerosis for brain spinal cord, myasthenia gravis for neuromuscular junction, diabetic neuropathy for peripheral nerves, and muscular dystrophy for muscle\" width=\"888\" height=\"899\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars.png 888w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars-296x300.png 296w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars-768x778.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars-65x66.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars-225x228.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1260\/2024\/08\/corticospinal-tract-with-exemplars-350x354.png 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 888px) 100vw, 888px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-7385\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A summary of the neuromuscular system. The diseases that we covered in this chapter are indicated in red, along with their principal site of action along the pathway of neuromuscular transmission. Used and adapted under creative commons license, original author Rcchang16 (File:UMN vs LMN.png &#8211; Wikimedia Commons).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As we go through these diseases, think back to our previous chapters where we learned about the <em>normal<\/em> physiology and anatomy of each component. It&#8217;s important to understand what happens in normal conditions so we can begin to learn about the consequences to the body during disease or injury. You may feel overwhelmed while reading this chapter &#8211; the neuromuscular system is complex! Make sure you review our previous chapters when you need to refresh your knowledge of these challenging topics.<\/p>\n<div class=\"media-attributions clear\" prefix:cc=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/ns#\" prefix:dc=\"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/\"><h2>Media Attributions<\/h2><ul><li about=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:UMN_vs_LMN.png\"><a rel=\"cc:attributionURL\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:UMN_vs_LMN.png\" property=\"dc:title\">corticospinal-tract with exemplars<\/a>  &copy;  <a rel=\"dc:creator\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=User:Rcchang16&action=edit&redlink=1\" property=\"cc:attributionName\">Rcchang16<\/a>  adapted by  Valerie Swanston & Jennifer Kong  is licensed under a  <a rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA (Attribution ShareAlike)<\/a> license<\/li><\/ul><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1076,"menu_order":11,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["jen-2-nrqovn0p5z","vswansto-eoizz0jy9p"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[348,510],"license":[],"class_list":["post-7660","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-jen-2-nrqovn0p5z","contributor-vswansto-eoizz0jy9p"],"part":7631,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7660","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1076"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7660\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9314,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7660\/revisions\/9314"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/7631"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/7660\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7660"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=7660"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=7660"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/pathology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=7660"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}