{"id":60,"date":"2022-02-25T09:47:39","date_gmt":"2022-02-25T14:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=60"},"modified":"2022-03-04T17:55:40","modified_gmt":"2022-03-04T22:55:40","slug":"cross-cultural-research-methodology","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/chapter\/cross-cultural-research-methodology\/","title":{"raw":"Module 2: Cross-cultural Research Methodology","rendered":"Module 2: Cross-cultural Research Methodology"},"content":{"raw":"<h1>Readings<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 21\">\r\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\r\n<div class=\"column\">\r\n\r\nHe, J., &amp; van de Vijver, F. (2012). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread01biasequivalence.pdf\">Bias and Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Research [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111.<\/a> This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\">\r\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND 3.0<\/a>\r\n\r\nSmith, P. B. (2002). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread02levelsanalysis.pdf\">Levels of Analysis in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018<\/a>. This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.\r\n\r\nvan de Vijver, F. J. (2009). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread03comaprative.pdf\">Types of Comparative Studies in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1017\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1017<\/a>. This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.\r\n\r\nCheung, F. M., &amp; Cheung, S. (2003). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread04valuesindigenous.pdf\">Measuring Personality and Values Across Cultures: Imported Versus Indigenous Measures [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 4(4). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1042\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1042<\/a>. This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1>Teaching Materials<\/h1>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#majorpoints\">Major Points<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/2module02methodology.pptx\">PowerPoint Presentation [PPT]<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#videos\">Selected video presentations (choose 1 or 2)<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#critical\">Critical Thinking Questions<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h1 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a id=\"majorpoints\"><\/a>Major Points<\/h1>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Equivalence\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Conceptual meaning<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Empirical method<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Sampling\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Representative<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Selection<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Non-cultural Demographic variables\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Education<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Socio-economic status<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Language\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Translation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Back-translation<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Operational Definition\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Behavior<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Cultural practices<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Setting and Procedure\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Geographical<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Physical<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Response Set\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Yea Sayers- Nay Sayers<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Questionnaires<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Psychological Measures\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Test items<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Rating scales<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Interpretation\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Cultural lens and bias<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1><a id=\"videos\"><\/a>Videos<\/h1>\r\nOER Cultural Psychology Chap 3 Research Methods Mini Overview (3:28)\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=jXkWbJC_DSg\r\n\r\nCreative Commons Attribute License <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/legalcode\">CC BY 3.0<\/a>\r\n\r\nCross cultural | Methods of research | Research Methodology &amp; Statistics (3:23)\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KARldDuEL8s\r\n\r\nCreative Commons Attribute License <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/legalcode\">CC BY 3.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nCreative Research Methods-Transformative and Indigenous research (13:57)\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=j-ArtoIl68s\r\n\r\nCreative Commons Attribute License <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/legalcode\">CC BY 3.0<\/a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nIndigenous Research Methodologies: chuutsqa\u2019s story (6:54)\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-9HuUDAYqvY\r\n\r\nCreative Commons license <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\">CC BY- NC- ND 4.0 International<\/a>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<h1><a id=\"critical\"><\/a>Critical Thinking Questions<\/h1>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Critical Thinking Questions<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">A researcher is interested in comparing levels of depression across several countries, using an indigenous approach in which interviews are held with individuals from the target cultures which are then used to formulate items. The items are partly identical across the countries and partly different. What are the main issues in terms of bias and equivalence of such a study?<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">What kind of equivalence would be most important for a study that tries to establish whether extroversion has the same meaning in Morocco, Japan, and the Philippines?<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Why do variables sometimes relate to each other in opposite ways at different levels of analysis<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">In what ways do Schwartz's individual-level analyses advance cross-cultural psychology?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\nCritical Thinking Questions adapted from\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">He, J., &amp; van de Vijver, F. (2012). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread01biasequivalence.pdf\">Bias and Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Research [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111.<\/a> This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\">\r\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND 3.0<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">Smith, P. B. (2002). <\/span><a style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread02levelsanalysis.pdf\">Levels of Analysis in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <\/span><a style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">. This work is licensed under a <\/span><a style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<h1>Readings<\/h1>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 21\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>He, J., &amp; van de Vijver, F. (2012). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread01biasequivalence.pdf\">Bias and Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Research [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111.<\/a> This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\"><br \/>\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND 3.0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Smith, P. B. (2002). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread02levelsanalysis.pdf\">Levels of Analysis in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018<\/a>. This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>van de Vijver, F. J. (2009). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread03comaprative.pdf\">Types of Comparative Studies in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1017\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1017<\/a>. This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Cheung, F. M., &amp; Cheung, S. (2003). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread04valuesindigenous.pdf\">Measuring Personality and Values Across Cultures: Imported Versus Indigenous Measures [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 4(4). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1042\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1042<\/a>. This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1>Teaching Materials<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#majorpoints\">Major Points<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/2module02methodology.pptx\">PowerPoint Presentation [PPT]<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#videos\">Selected video presentations (choose 1 or 2)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#critical\">Critical Thinking Questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a id=\"majorpoints\"><\/a>Major Points<\/h1>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>Equivalence\n<ol>\n<li>Conceptual meaning<\/li>\n<li>Empirical method<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Sampling\n<ol>\n<li>Representative<\/li>\n<li>Selection<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Non-cultural Demographic variables\n<ol>\n<li>Education<\/li>\n<li>Socio-economic status<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Language\n<ol>\n<li>Translation<\/li>\n<li>Back-translation<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Operational Definition\n<ol>\n<li>Behavior<\/li>\n<li>Cultural practices<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Setting and Procedure\n<ol>\n<li>Geographical<\/li>\n<li>Physical<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Response Set\n<ol>\n<li>Yea Sayers- Nay Sayers<\/li>\n<li>Questionnaires<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Psychological Measures\n<ol>\n<li>Test items<\/li>\n<li>Rating scales<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<li>Interpretation\n<ol>\n<li>Cultural lens and bias<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1><a id=\"videos\"><\/a>Videos<\/h1>\n<p>OER Cultural Psychology Chap 3 Research Methods Mini Overview (3:28)<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"OER Cultural Psychology Chap 3 Research Methods Mini Overview\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jXkWbJC_DSg?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Creative Commons Attribute License <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/legalcode\">CC BY 3.0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Cross cultural | Methods of research | Research Methodology &amp; Statistics (3:23)<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-2\" title=\"Cross cultural | Methods of research | Research Methodology &amp; Statistics\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/KARldDuEL8s?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Creative Commons Attribute License <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/legalcode\">CC BY 3.0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Creative Research Methods-Transformative and Indigenous research (13:57)<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-3\" title=\"Creative Research Methods - Transformative adn Indigenous research (part 3 of 3)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/j-ArtoIl68s?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Creative Commons Attribute License <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/legalcode\">CC BY 3.0<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Indigenous Research Methodologies: chuutsqa\u2019s story (6:54)<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-4\" title=\"Indigenous Research Methodologies: chuutsqa&#39;s Story\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-9HuUDAYqvY?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Creative Commons license <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/\">CC BY- NC- ND 4.0 International<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1><a id=\"critical\"><\/a>Critical Thinking Questions<\/h1>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Critical Thinking Questions<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">A researcher is interested in comparing levels of depression across several countries, using an indigenous approach in which interviews are held with individuals from the target cultures which are then used to formulate items. The items are partly identical across the countries and partly different. What are the main issues in terms of bias and equivalence of such a study?<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">What kind of equivalence would be most important for a study that tries to establish whether extroversion has the same meaning in Morocco, Japan, and the Philippines?<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">Why do variables sometimes relate to each other in opposite ways at different levels of analysis<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">In what ways do Schwartz&#8217;s individual-level analyses advance cross-cultural psychology?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Critical Thinking Questions adapted from<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\">He, J., &amp; van de Vijver, F. (2012). <a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread01biasequivalence.pdf\">Bias and Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Research [PDF]<\/a>. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111.<\/a> This work is licensed under a <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a>.<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1111\"><br \/>\n<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">CC BY-NC-ND 3.0<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">Smith, P. B. (2002). <\/span><a style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1628\/2022\/02\/module2methodread02levelsanalysis.pdf\">Levels of Analysis in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). <\/span><a style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9707\/2307-0919.1018<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">. This work is licensed under a <\/span><a style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/\">Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License<\/a><span style=\"text-align: initial; font-size: 1em;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":120,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[50],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-60","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":18,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/120"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":161,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60\/revisions\/161"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/18"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/60\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=60"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=60"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/psyc4700psychculture\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=60"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}