{"id":30,"date":"2017-06-06T03:13:27","date_gmt":"2017-06-06T07:13:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/rjohal\/?post_type=chapter&p=30"},"modified":"2017-09-05T23:42:25","modified_gmt":"2017-09-06T03:42:25","slug":"vowels","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/rjohal\/chapter\/vowels\/","title":{"raw":"Vowels","rendered":"Vowels"},"content":{"raw":"VOWELS<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIn addition to the 41 consonants, there are ten vowel symbols to be learned. These sounds have to be attached to a consonant symbol \u2013 either to its left, its right, above or below.\u00a0 You can never write a vowel sound without a consonant.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n
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A brief summary of the vowel sounds and their symbols is as follows:<\/span><\/h3>\r\n\u00a0<\/span>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\nVOWEL<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMukta<\/strong><\/td>\r\nKunna<\/strong><\/td>\r\nSihari<\/strong><\/td>\r\nBihari<\/strong><\/td>\r\nAunkar<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1<\/strong><\/td>\r\nSymbol<\/strong><\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\nInvisible<\/td>\r\n\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a3f<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a41<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2<\/strong><\/td>\r\nSymbol with m<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a3f\u0a2e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a41<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
3<\/strong><\/td>\r\nVowel Carrier<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a3f\u0a05<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a41<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4*<\/td>\r\nSound<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u201cu\u201d\r\n\r\nbug<\/td>\r\n\u201ca\u201d\r\n\r\ncar<\/td>\r\n\u201ci\u201d\r\n\r\nsit<\/td>\r\n\u201ce\u201d\r\n\r\nsee<\/td>\r\n\u201cu\u201d\r\n\r\nput<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
5*<\/strong><\/td>\r\nRepresentation in their Book<\/strong><\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\na<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\naa<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\ni<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\nee<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\nu<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\nVOWEL<\/strong><\/td>\r\nDulankar<\/strong><\/td>\r\nLanv<\/strong><\/td>\r\nDolanv<\/strong><\/td>\r\nHora <\/strong><\/td>\r\nKanaura<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
1<\/strong><\/td>\r\nSymbol<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a42<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a48<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a4c<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
2<\/strong><\/td>\r\nSymbol with m<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a42<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a48<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a4c<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
3<\/strong><\/td>\r\nVowel Carrier<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a42<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a48<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a4c<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
4*<\/td>\r\nSound<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u201coo\u201d\r\n\r\npool<\/td>\r\n\u201ca\u201d\r\n\r\nmake<\/td>\r\n\u201caa\u201d\r\n\r\ncat<\/td>\r\n\u201co\u201d\r\n\r\ngo<\/td>\r\n\u201cau\u201d Kaur<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
5*<\/strong><\/td>\r\nRepresentation in their Book<\/strong><\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\noo<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\ne<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\nai (ae)<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\no<\/td>\r\n \r\n\r\nau<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n \r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\nIt is difficult to accurately represent a Punjabi sound using Roman characters. Ensure that you are making use of the audio resources to practise listening to these sounds.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nVOWEL 1: MUKTA<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201cu\u201d as in \u201cbug\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = Invisible\r\n\r\n \r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Word<\/td>\r\nTranslation<\/em><\/td>\r\nWord<\/td>\r\nTranslation<\/em><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a1a\u0a71\u0a32<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a15\u0a30<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a26\u0a71\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a18\u0a30<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a26\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a28\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a39\u0a71\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a28\u0a20<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n \r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n
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\u00a01. B. PRACTISE LISTENING QUIZ<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\nListen to the CD and write the sounds heard using the Punjabi script.\r\n\r\nYou don\u2019t have to understand what all the words mean \u2013 just see if you can recognize what you hear.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nA.\r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nB.\r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nC.\r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\nVOWEL 2: KANNA<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201ca\u201d as in \u201ccar\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = \u0a3e\r\n\r\n \r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a16\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a3e\u0a24\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a32<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a2e\u0a3e\u0a5c\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a2d\u0a30\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\nVOWEL 3: SIHARI<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201cI\u201d as in \u201csit\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = \u0a3f (placed to the left)\r\n\r\n \r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a3f\u0a38\u0a71\u0a16<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a07\u0a39\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a3f\u0a2a\u0a24\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a26\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 4: BIHARI<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201cee\u201d as in \u201cmeet\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = \u0a40\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a2a\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a35\u0a40\u0a27\u0a05\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a1c\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a20\u0a40\u0a15<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
*<\/strong>\u0a15\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 5: Aunkar<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201cu\u201d as in \u201cput\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = \u0a41<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a24\u0a41\u0a38\u0a40\u0a70<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n\u0a2c\u0a39\u0a41\u0a24<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a13\u0a41\u0a39<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 6: Dulankar<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201coo\u201d as in \u201cpool\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u0a42<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a24\u0a42\u0a70<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a38\u0a15\u0a42\u0a32<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 7: LANV<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201cai\u201d as in \u201cpail\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = \u0a47<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a35\u0a47\u0a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a30\u0a2a\u0a3e \u0a15\u0a30\u0a15\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a25\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 8: DOLANV<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201cae\u201d as in \u201ccat\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol =\u00a0\u00a0 \u0a48\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a2e\u0a48\u0a02<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a39\u0a48<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a2d\u0a48\u0a23<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 9: HORA<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201co\u201d as in \u201cboat\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol = \u0a4b\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a2d\u0a4b\u0a32\u0a4b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n*<\/strong>\u0a05\u0a3e\u0a13<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u0a38\u0a41\u0a23\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\nVOWEL 10: KANAURA <\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound = \u201cau\u201d as in \u201ckaur\u201d\r\n\r\nSymbol =\u00a0\u00a0 \u0a4c\r\n\r\n \r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
\u0a15\u0a4c\u0a23<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u0a05\u0a30\u0a4c\u0a24<\/strong><\/td>\r\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n
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PRACTISE LISTENING QUIZ [All Vowels]<\/strong><\/h3>\r\nListen to the CD and write the words you hear, using the Punjabi script.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nA.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nB.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nC.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nD.<\/strong>\r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n________________________________________________________________\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n \r\n
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Exercise<\/h3>\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
<\/td>\r\nsihari<\/td>\r\nlanv<\/td>\r\nhora<\/td>\r\nbihari<\/td>\r\nMukta<\/td>\r\ndolanv<\/td>\r\nkanaura<\/td>\r\nAunkar<\/td>\r\nkunna<\/td>\r\ndulankar<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSymbol<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSound (with an example)<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n \r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\u00a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n ","rendered":"

VOWELS<\/strong><\/p>\n

In addition to the 41 consonants, there are ten vowel symbols to be learned. These sounds have to be attached to a consonant symbol \u2013 either to its left, its right, above or below.\u00a0 You can never write a vowel sound without a consonant.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

A brief summary of the vowel sounds and their symbols is as follows:<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nVOWEL<\/strong><\/td>\nMukta<\/strong><\/td>\nKunna<\/strong><\/td>\nSihari<\/strong><\/td>\nBihari<\/strong><\/td>\nAunkar<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/strong><\/td>\nSymbol<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/p>\n

Invisible<\/td>\n

\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a3f<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a41<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/strong><\/td>\nSymbol with m<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a3f\u0a2e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a41<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/strong><\/td>\nVowel Carrier<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a3f\u0a05<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a41<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4*<\/td>\nSound<\/strong><\/td>\n\u201cu\u201d<\/p>\n

bug<\/td>\n

\u201ca\u201d<\/p>\n

car<\/td>\n

\u201ci\u201d<\/p>\n

sit<\/td>\n

\u201ce\u201d<\/p>\n

see<\/td>\n

\u201cu\u201d<\/p>\n

put<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

5*<\/strong><\/td>\nRepresentation in their Book<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/p>\n

a<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

aa<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

i<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

ee<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\nVOWEL<\/strong><\/td>\nDulankar<\/strong><\/td>\nLanv<\/strong><\/td>\nDolanv<\/strong><\/td>\nHora <\/strong><\/td>\nKanaura<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/strong><\/td>\nSymbol<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a42<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a48<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a4c<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/strong><\/td>\nSymbol with m<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a42<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a48<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a4c<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/strong><\/td>\nVowel Carrier<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a42<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a48<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a4c<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4*<\/td>\nSound<\/strong><\/td>\n\u201coo\u201d<\/p>\n

pool<\/td>\n

\u201ca\u201d<\/p>\n

make<\/td>\n

\u201caa\u201d<\/p>\n

cat<\/td>\n

\u201co\u201d<\/p>\n

go<\/td>\n

\u201cau\u201d Kaur<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5*<\/strong><\/td>\nRepresentation in their Book<\/strong><\/td>\n <\/p>\n

oo<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

e<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

ai (ae)<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

o<\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

au<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

It is difficult to accurately represent a Punjabi sound using Roman characters. Ensure that you are making use of the audio resources to practise listening to these sounds.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

VOWEL 1: MUKTA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201cu\u201d as in \u201cbug\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = Invisible<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Word<\/td>\nTranslation<\/em><\/td>\nWord<\/td>\nTranslation<\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a1a\u0a71\u0a32<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a15\u0a30<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a26\u0a71\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a18\u0a30<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a26\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a28\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a39\u0a71\u0a38<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a28\u0a20<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

\u00a01. B. PRACTISE LISTENING QUIZ<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

Listen to the CD and write the sounds heard using the Punjabi script.<\/p>\n

You don\u2019t have to understand what all the words mean \u2013 just see if you can recognize what you hear.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A.<\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

B.<\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C.<\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

VOWEL 2: KANNA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201ca\u201d as in \u201ccar\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = \u0a3e<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0a16\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a3e\u0a24\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a39\u0a3e\u0a32<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a2e\u0a3e\u0a5c\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a2d\u0a30\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

VOWEL 3: SIHARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201cI\u201d as in \u201csit\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = \u0a3f (placed to the left)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0a3f\u0a38\u0a71\u0a16<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a07\u0a39\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a3f\u0a2a\u0a24\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a26\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 4: BIHARI<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201cee\u201d as in \u201cmeet\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = \u0a40<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0a2a\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a35\u0a40\u0a27\u0a05\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a1c\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a20\u0a40\u0a15<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
*<\/strong>\u0a15\u0a40<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 5: Aunkar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201cu\u201d as in \u201cput\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = \u0a41<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0a24\u0a41\u0a38\u0a40\u0a70<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u0a2c\u0a39\u0a41\u0a24<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a13\u0a41\u0a39<\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 6: Dulankar<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201coo\u201d as in \u201cpool\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u0a42<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0a24\u0a42\u0a70<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a38\u0a15\u0a42\u0a32<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 7: LANV<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201cai\u201d as in \u201cpail\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = \u0a47<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0a2e\u0a47\u0a30\u0a3e<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a35\u0a47\u0a02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a30\u0a2a\u0a3e \u0a15\u0a30\u0a15\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a3f\u0a15\u0a25\u0a47<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 8: DOLANV<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201cae\u201d as in \u201ccat\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol =\u00a0\u00a0 \u0a48<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0a2e\u0a48\u0a02<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a39\u0a48<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a2d\u0a48\u0a23<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>VOWEL 9: HORA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201co\u201d as in \u201cboat\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol = \u0a4b<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\u0a2d\u0a4b\u0a32\u0a4b\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n*<\/strong>\u0a05\u0a3e\u0a13<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0a38\u0a41\u0a23\u0a4b<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

VOWEL 10: KANAURA <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound = \u201cau\u201d as in \u201ckaur\u201d<\/p>\n

Symbol =\u00a0\u00a0 \u0a4c<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0a15\u0a4c\u0a23<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/td>\n\u0a05\u0a30\u0a4c\u0a24<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

PRACTISE LISTENING QUIZ [All Vowels]<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Listen to the CD and write the words you hear, using the Punjabi script.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A.<\/strong><\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

B.<\/strong><\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C.<\/strong><\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

D.<\/strong><\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n

Exercise<\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\nsihari<\/td>\nlanv<\/td>\nhora<\/td>\nbihari<\/td>\nMukta<\/td>\ndolanv<\/td>\nkanaura<\/td>\nAunkar<\/td>\nkunna<\/td>\ndulankar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Symbol<\/strong><\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sound (with an example)<\/strong><\/td>\n

<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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