{"id":167,"date":"2021-01-28T17:55:11","date_gmt":"2021-01-28T22:55:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=167"},"modified":"2021-03-26T19:29:18","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T23:29:18","slug":"designing-online-exams","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/designing-online-exams\/","title":{"raw":"Designing Online Exams","rendered":"Designing Online Exams"},"content":{"raw":"<h2>Quick links to Exam Resource Webpages<\/h2>\r\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\r\n\r\nQuick links to Exam Resource pages:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/alternatives-to-timed-online-exams\/\">Alternatives to Timed Online Exams<\/a> (\"Take-home\" exams\/assignments or oral exams)<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Designing Online Exams (you are here)<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/exam-platform-feature-comparison\/\">Exam platform feature comparison<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/deployment-of-online-exams\/\">Deployment of Online Exams<\/a>: technical considerations before and during the exam.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/academic-integrity\/\">Academic Integrity<\/a> considerations\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/online-invigilation-using-zoom\/\">Online invigilation using Zoom<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/handwritten-responses\/\">Handwritten Responses<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/exam-accommodations\/\">Exam Accommodations<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/canvas-faqs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Canvas FAQs &amp; Lessons Learned from Online Exams<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<h2>Recommendations for online testing<\/h2>\r\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>The key recommendation for all of the methods described below is to <strong>have a trial run of your exam<\/strong>, ideally with some sort of low\/no-stakes real example test for students in the course to try. This will help them understand the process for the exam and will help you to discover any shortcomings or things to fix for the actual exam. More detail on this below.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>In general,\u00a0<strong>for large courses (several hundred students or more), consult with LT support\u00a0<\/strong>to determine any concerns\/adjustments that can help keep the submission process smooth and avoid overloading the servers (for example, staggering the start time or providing students with extra time to account for technical difficulties).<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Academic Integrity: <\/strong>ideally, you create an assignment that discourages cheating, but in any case, you may also consider asking students to (digitally) sign an explicit integrity pledge and\/or a form of online invigilation if necessary (see the <a title=\"Academic Integrity\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/academic-integrity\/\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.ubc.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/51366\/pages\/academic-integrity\" data-api-returntype=\"Page\">Academic Integrity<\/a> section for details).<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Allowing exams to be open-book:<\/strong>\u00a0assume students will use resources while taking an exam, and even encourage them to do so. Try to ask questions that probe deeper levels of knowledge and understanding, enabling students to apply, assess, and evaluate concepts and facts in meaningful ways. Encourage students to share and cite where they get information from and what resources they use, and\u00a0<strong>be clear about which resources are not to be used<\/strong>, for example include instructions to clarify that any sort of reading might be okay but students should not actively solicit answers from websites.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Encourage students to collaborate\/share questions and ideas:<\/strong>\u00a0students will likely work together when they are stuck or confused. You can encourage working in small teams and ask them to include who they work with and in what ways.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Use question pools\/randomization:<\/strong> if you have short-answer or multiple-choice questions, create pools so that students receive different sets of questions (this can also be done with essays and more complex questions).<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Consider student-generated questions with explanations:<\/strong>\u00a0instead of trying to ensure everyone answers your limited number of questions on their own, ask every student to create their own question with an explanation of how it would assess a certain topic or skill in a meaningful way. You can also assign students to answer each other\u2019s questions and state whether those questions actually do assess these skills in appropriate ways.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Respect your own time:<\/strong> consider how much feedback students actually need\/will use. Feedback can often be created for the whole group based on common challenges or problems, as opposed to individual responses.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<h2>Choosing an exam platform<\/h2>\r\nThe main platform options based on level of UBC support and local experience are Canvas, WeBWorK, Gradescope, and Crowdmark.\u00a0 (Note: both Gradescope and Crowdmark will be funded centrally by UBC for 2020W Term 1.)\r\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Some notes on each below, and for a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0our <a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>For exams with handwritten responses, see also the section on Handwritten Responses.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3>Canvas Quizzes and Assignments<\/h3>\r\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\r\n\r\nCanvas quizzes have a variety of question types, and grading can happen directly in Canvas.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>You can include an \u201cupload a file\u201d question type or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/guides\/compair\">comPAIR-style questions<\/a>\u00a0to probe higher-order\/critical thinking about provided solutions without necessarily requiring students to produce those solutions as part of the test.\u00a0 See also the section on <a title=\"Handwritten Responses\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/handwritten-responses\/\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.ubc.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/51366\/pages\/handwritten-responses\" data-api-returntype=\"Page\">Handwritten Responses<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Note about timed quizzes in Canvas: some users have experienced issues with this, so we would suggest using a quiz with a short submission window rather than a timed quiz.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nSee\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/guides\/canvas\">our Canvas guide<\/a>\u00a0for more information and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/keepteaching.ubc.ca\/assignments-assessments\/\">UBC Keep Teaching page on Assignments and Assessments<\/a> for step-by-step guides to setting these up. For a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0our <a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3>Crowdmark<\/h3>\r\nCrowdmark allows students to submit directly to their system via their \"Assigned Assessment\" format: questions can be hosted on the Crowdmark platform and students respond with a photo\/scan\/PDF upload of their answer (they cannot enter answers directly on a web form like a Canvas Quiz).\u00a0Grading happens online and can be distributed among a team (instructors and TAs).\r\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>To get started, you will need to submit a request to the LT Hub<\/strong>\u00a0to have your course created in Crowdmark; see:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/crowdmark\/\">https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/crowdmark\/<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>Crowdmark\u2019s services are being funded by UBC centrally through December, 2020, so can be used for the Fall 2020 exam period.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>For more information, see the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/crowdmark\/\">LT Hub guide for Crowdmark<\/a>\u00a0in general and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/crowdmark.com\/help\/categories\/assigned-assessments\/\">Crowdmark page for Assigned Assessments<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFor a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">our Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3>Gradescope<\/h3>\r\nGradescope supports both on-line \u201cHomework\/Problem Set\u201d submission where students upload photos\/scans of written answers\u00a0and \u201cOn-line Assignments\u201d (i.e., timed, no-paper needed; can mix multiple-choice questions with open response typed-text questions), as well as uploaded paper-based assessments.\u00a0Grading happens online based on a rubric and can be distributed among a team (instructors and TAs).\r\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>To get started, you will need to submit a request to the LT Hub<\/strong>\u00a0to have your course created set up in Gradescope; see:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/gradescope\/\">https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/gradescope\/<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><em>Gradescope\u2019s services are being funded by UBC centrally through December, 2020, so can be used for the Fall 2020 exam period.<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>For more information, see the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/gradescope\/\">LT Hub guide for Gradescope<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nFor a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0our <a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h3>WeBWorK - primarily for Math and Stats courses<\/h3>\r\nCourses that already use WeBWorK may want to use it for all or part of their exam, for example a number of Math and Stats courses plan to run tests that consist of a combination of a WeBWorK portion and a handwritten portion submitted via Canvas (see above). Note that WeBWorK has a timed test feature as an alternative to its typical assignments used for homework - with this approach, students are not given feedback along the way with each question like they are on homework. However many faculty have found it simpler to use a standard assignment with a short time window and a small number of attempts (2-3) which covers a lot of technical issues students may encounter while still providing a timed element.\r\n\r\nWhile you can learn more on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/guides\/webwork\">LT WeBWorK guide page<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.ubc.ca\/Science:Math_Department_Teaching_Resources\/WeBWorK\">main WeBWorK resources page<\/a>, it would be best to consult with people in your department that are familiar with setting up WeBWorK for tests.","rendered":"<h2>Quick links to Exam Resource Webpages<\/h2>\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\n<p>Quick links to Exam Resource pages:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/alternatives-to-timed-online-exams\/\">Alternatives to Timed Online Exams<\/a> (&#8220;Take-home&#8221; exams\/assignments or oral exams)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Designing Online Exams (you are here)<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/exam-platform-feature-comparison\/\">Exam platform feature comparison<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/deployment-of-online-exams\/\">Deployment of Online Exams<\/a>: technical considerations before and during the exam.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/academic-integrity\/\">Academic Integrity<\/a> considerations\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/online-invigilation-using-zoom\/\">Online invigilation using Zoom<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/handwritten-responses\/\">Handwritten Responses<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/exam-accommodations\/\">Exam Accommodations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/canvas-faqs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Canvas FAQs &amp; Lessons Learned from Online Exams<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Recommendations for online testing<\/h2>\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\n<ul>\n<li>The key recommendation for all of the methods described below is to <strong>have a trial run of your exam<\/strong>, ideally with some sort of low\/no-stakes real example test for students in the course to try. This will help them understand the process for the exam and will help you to discover any shortcomings or things to fix for the actual exam. More detail on this below.<\/li>\n<li>In general,\u00a0<strong>for large courses (several hundred students or more), consult with LT support\u00a0<\/strong>to determine any concerns\/adjustments that can help keep the submission process smooth and avoid overloading the servers (for example, staggering the start time or providing students with extra time to account for technical difficulties).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Academic Integrity: <\/strong>ideally, you create an assignment that discourages cheating, but in any case, you may also consider asking students to (digitally) sign an explicit integrity pledge and\/or a form of online invigilation if necessary (see the <a title=\"Academic Integrity\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/academic-integrity\/\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.ubc.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/51366\/pages\/academic-integrity\" data-api-returntype=\"Page\">Academic Integrity<\/a> section for details).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Allowing exams to be open-book:<\/strong>\u00a0assume students will use resources while taking an exam, and even encourage them to do so. Try to ask questions that probe deeper levels of knowledge and understanding, enabling students to apply, assess, and evaluate concepts and facts in meaningful ways. Encourage students to share and cite where they get information from and what resources they use, and\u00a0<strong>be clear about which resources are not to be used<\/strong>, for example include instructions to clarify that any sort of reading might be okay but students should not actively solicit answers from websites.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Encourage students to collaborate\/share questions and ideas:<\/strong>\u00a0students will likely work together when they are stuck or confused. You can encourage working in small teams and ask them to include who they work with and in what ways.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Use question pools\/randomization:<\/strong> if you have short-answer or multiple-choice questions, create pools so that students receive different sets of questions (this can also be done with essays and more complex questions).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consider student-generated questions with explanations:<\/strong>\u00a0instead of trying to ensure everyone answers your limited number of questions on their own, ask every student to create their own question with an explanation of how it would assess a certain topic or skill in a meaningful way. You can also assign students to answer each other\u2019s questions and state whether those questions actually do assess these skills in appropriate ways.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Respect your own time:<\/strong> consider how much feedback students actually need\/will use. Feedback can often be created for the whole group based on common challenges or problems, as opposed to individual responses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Choosing an exam platform<\/h2>\n<p>The main platform options based on level of UBC support and local experience are Canvas, WeBWorK, Gradescope, and Crowdmark.\u00a0 (Note: both Gradescope and Crowdmark will be funded centrally by UBC for 2020W Term 1.)<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\n<ul>\n<li>Some notes on each below, and for a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0our <a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>For exams with handwritten responses, see also the section on Handwritten Responses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Canvas Quizzes and Assignments<\/h3>\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\n<p>Canvas quizzes have a variety of question types, and grading can happen directly in Canvas.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>You can include an \u201cupload a file\u201d question type or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/guides\/compair\">comPAIR-style questions<\/a>\u00a0to probe higher-order\/critical thinking about provided solutions without necessarily requiring students to produce those solutions as part of the test.\u00a0 See also the section on <a title=\"Handwritten Responses\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/chapter\/handwritten-responses\/\" data-api-endpoint=\"https:\/\/canvas.ubc.ca\/api\/v1\/courses\/51366\/pages\/handwritten-responses\" data-api-returntype=\"Page\">Handwritten Responses<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Note about timed quizzes in Canvas: some users have experienced issues with this, so we would suggest using a quiz with a short submission window rather than a timed quiz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>See\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/guides\/canvas\">our Canvas guide<\/a>\u00a0for more information and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/keepteaching.ubc.ca\/assignments-assessments\/\">UBC Keep Teaching page on Assignments and Assessments<\/a> for step-by-step guides to setting these up. For a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0our <a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Crowdmark<\/h3>\n<p>Crowdmark allows students to submit directly to their system via their &#8220;Assigned Assessment&#8221; format: questions can be hosted on the Crowdmark platform and students respond with a photo\/scan\/PDF upload of their answer (they cannot enter answers directly on a web form like a Canvas Quiz).\u00a0Grading happens online and can be distributed among a team (instructors and TAs).<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>To get started, you will need to submit a request to the LT Hub<\/strong>\u00a0to have your course created in Crowdmark; see:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/crowdmark\/\">https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/crowdmark\/<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><em>Crowdmark\u2019s services are being funded by UBC centrally through December, 2020, so can be used for the Fall 2020 exam period.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>For more information, see the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/crowdmark\/\">LT Hub guide for Crowdmark<\/a>\u00a0in general and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/crowdmark.com\/help\/categories\/assigned-assessments\/\">Crowdmark page for Assigned Assessments<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">our Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Gradescope<\/h3>\n<p>Gradescope supports both on-line \u201cHomework\/Problem Set\u201d submission where students upload photos\/scans of written answers\u00a0and \u201cOn-line Assignments\u201d (i.e., timed, no-paper needed; can mix multiple-choice questions with open response typed-text questions), as well as uploaded paper-based assessments.\u00a0Grading happens online based on a rubric and can be distributed among a team (instructors and TAs).<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding: 12px 16px;background-color: #f5f5f5\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>To get started, you will need to submit a request to the LT Hub<\/strong>\u00a0to have your course created set up in Gradescope; see:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/gradescope\/\">https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/gradescope\/<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><em>Gradescope\u2019s services are being funded by UBC centrally through December, 2020, so can be used for the Fall 2020 exam period.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>For more information, see the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/lthub.ubc.ca\/guides\/gradescope\/\">LT Hub guide for Gradescope<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For a side-by-side feature comparison, see\u00a0our <a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/online-exams\">Learning Technologies for Online Exams table<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>WeBWorK &#8211; primarily for Math and Stats courses<\/h3>\n<p>Courses that already use WeBWorK may want to use it for all or part of their exam, for example a number of Math and Stats courses plan to run tests that consist of a combination of a WeBWorK portion and a handwritten portion submitted via Canvas (see above). Note that WeBWorK has a timed test feature as an alternative to its typical assignments used for homework &#8211; with this approach, students are not given feedback along the way with each question like they are on homework. However many faculty have found it simpler to use a standard assignment with a short time window and a small number of attempts (2-3) which covers a lot of technical issues students may encounter while still providing a timed element.<\/p>\n<p>While you can learn more on the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/skylight.science.ubc.ca\/lt\/guides\/webwork\">LT WeBWorK guide page<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.ubc.ca\/Science:Math_Department_Teaching_Resources\/WeBWorK\">main WeBWorK resources page<\/a>, it would be best to consult with people in your department that are familiar with setting up WeBWorK for tests.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1241,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-167","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":165,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1241"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":464,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/167\/revisions\/464"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/165"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/167\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=167"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=167"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/skylightonlineteachingguide\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}