{"id":101,"date":"2021-06-14T00:05:18","date_gmt":"2021-06-14T04:05:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/?post_type=chapter&p=101"},"modified":"2021-06-14T00:05:18","modified_gmt":"2021-06-14T04:05:18","slug":"narrative","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/chapter\/narrative\/","title":{"raw":"Narrative","rendered":"Narrative"},"content":{"raw":"In practice, the use of narrative and framing are overlapping and can be challenging to distinguish. Narrative can provide a container in which framing comes to life. We can think of framing as something that determines the elements of the story, or even what parts of the story are told at all. Both framing and narrative are present in any communication effort and are used to reinforce worldviews and values. As a result, they can be more or less effective depending on the audience and the desired outcome.\r\n\r\nMarshall (2014) describes narrative as, \u201cThe critical means by which we make sense of the issue\u2026 the way we talk about it \u2013 and in particular the stories we build around it\u2026\u201d All narrative involves \u201crecognizable actors, motives, causes and effects\u201d (p. 233). Marshall goes on to write that, \u201cit is these socially constructed stories, not climate change itself, that people choose to accept, deny or ignore\u201d (p 98). And, as a result, \u201cWe need a narrative of positive change, in which our adaptation to climate change does not just protect what is already here, but also creates a more just and equitable world\u201d (p. 233) through \u201ca narrative of cooperation that can bring people together around a common cause\u201d (p. 234).\r\n\r\nAn example of narrative structure that Pike et al (2015) recommend follows the framework of \u201cchallenge, choice and opportunity.\u201d This framework creatives narrative by articulating questions that include \u201cWhat is the problem and what is at stake if we don\u2019t resolve it?\u201d followed by \u201cWhat action must be taken [by whom] and why now?\u201d and then close with \u201cWhat are the benefits of action?\u201d\r\n\r\nA complementary narrative framework developed by Climate Outreach (Marshall, 2017) can also be used to affirm some of the core needs identified in Module two. It is structured in the following way: \u201cThis is who you are. [Engaging identity] This is what you care about. [Activating values] Other people like you agree with this. [Using trusted messengers] When you do this you belong more to your group. [Supporting the need for inclusion and connection] And the world becomes more how you want it to be.[Enabling a sense of efficacy].\u201d","rendered":"

In practice, the use of narrative and framing are overlapping and can be challenging to distinguish. Narrative can provide a container in which framing comes to life. We can think of framing as something that determines the elements of the story, or even what parts of the story are told at all. Both framing and narrative are present in any communication effort and are used to reinforce worldviews and values. As a result, they can be more or less effective depending on the audience and the desired outcome.<\/p>\n

Marshall (2014) describes narrative as, \u201cThe critical means by which we make sense of the issue\u2026 the way we talk about it \u2013 and in particular the stories we build around it\u2026\u201d All narrative involves \u201crecognizable actors, motives, causes and effects\u201d (p. 233). Marshall goes on to write that, \u201cit is these socially constructed stories, not climate change itself, that people choose to accept, deny or ignore\u201d (p 98). And, as a result, \u201cWe need a narrative of positive change, in which our adaptation to climate change does not just protect what is already here, but also creates a more just and equitable world\u201d (p. 233) through \u201ca narrative of cooperation that can bring people together around a common cause\u201d (p. 234).<\/p>\n

An example of narrative structure that Pike et al (2015) recommend follows the framework of \u201cchallenge, choice and opportunity.\u201d This framework creatives narrative by articulating questions that include \u201cWhat is the problem and what is at stake if we don\u2019t resolve it?\u201d followed by \u201cWhat action must be taken [by whom] and why now?\u201d and then close with \u201cWhat are the benefits of action?\u201d<\/p>\n

A complementary narrative framework developed by Climate Outreach (Marshall, 2017) can also be used to affirm some of the core needs identified in Module two. It is structured in the following way: \u201cThis is who you are. [Engaging identity] This is what you care about. [Activating values] Other people like you agree with this. [Using trusted messengers] When you do this you belong more to your group. [Supporting the need for inclusion and connection] And the world becomes more how you want it to be.[Enabling a sense of efficacy].\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":120,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-101","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":89,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/120"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":102,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101\/revisions\/102"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/89"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/101\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=101"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=101"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/strategicdialogueengagmentclimateadapt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}