{"id":1674,"date":"2017-10-27T13:04:50","date_gmt":"2017-10-27T17:04:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/back-matter\/selected-radioactive-isotopes\/"},"modified":"2017-10-27T13:04:50","modified_gmt":"2017-10-27T17:04:50","slug":"selected-radioactive-isotopes","status":"publish","type":"back-matter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/back-matter\/selected-radioactive-isotopes\/","title":{"raw":"Selected Radioactive Isotopes","rendered":"Selected Radioactive Isotopes"},"content":{"raw":"<p id=\"import-auto-id2205639\">Decay modes are [latex]\\alpha [\/latex], [latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex], [latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex], electron capture (EC) and isomeric transition (IT). EC results in the same daughter nucleus as would [latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex] decay. IT is a transition from a metastable excited state. Energies for [latex]{\\beta }^{\u00b1}[\/latex] decays are the maxima; average energies are roughly one-half the maxima. <\/p><table id=\"import-auto-id1923293\" summary=\"Table_B_01\"><caption><span>Selected Radioactive Isotopes<\/span><\/caption><thead><tr><th>Isotope<\/th><th><em>t<\/em><sub>1\/2<\/sub><\/th><th>DecayMode(s)<\/th><th>Energy(MeV)<\/th><th>Percent<\/th><th><\/th><th>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]-Ray Energy(MeV)<\/th><th>Percent<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{3}\\text{H}[\/latex]<\/td><td>12.33 y<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>0.0186<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{14}\\text{C}[\/latex]<\/td><td>5730 y<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.156<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{13}\\text{N}[\/latex]<\/td><td>9.96 min<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.20<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{22}\\text{Na}[\/latex]<\/td><td>2.602 y<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.55<\/td><td>90%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>1.27<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{32}\\text{P}[\/latex]<\/td><td>14.28 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.71<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{35}\\text{S}[\/latex]<\/td><td>87.4 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>0.167<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{36}\\text{Cl}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]3\\text{.}\\text{00}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{5}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.710<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{40}\\text{K}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]1\\text{.}\\text{28}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{9}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.31<\/td><td>89%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{43}\\text{K}[\/latex]<\/td><td>22.3 h<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.827<\/td><td>87%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.373<\/td><td>87%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.618<\/td><td>87%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{45}\\text{Ca}[\/latex]<\/td><td>165 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>0.257<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{51}\\text{Cr}[\/latex]<\/td><td>27.70 d<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.320<\/td><td>10%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{52}\\text{Mn}[\/latex]<\/td><td>5.59d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td><td>3.69<\/td><td>28%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.33<\/td><td>28%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>1.43<\/td><td>28%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{52}\\text{Fe}[\/latex]<\/td><td>8.27 h<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.80<\/td><td>43%<\/td><td><\/td><td>0.169<\/td><td>43%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.378<\/td><td>43%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{59}\\text{Fe}[\/latex]<\/td><td>44.6 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.273<\/td><td>45%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.10<\/td><td>57%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.466<\/td><td>55%<\/td><td><\/td><td>1.29<\/td><td>43%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{60}\\text{Co}[\/latex]<\/td><td>5.271 y<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>0.318<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.17<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>1.33<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{65}\\text{Zn}[\/latex]<\/td><td>244.1 d<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>1.12<\/td><td>51%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{67}\\text{Ga}[\/latex]<\/td><td>78.3 h<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.0933<\/td><td>70%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.185<\/td><td>35%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.300<\/td><td>19%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{75}\\text{Se}[\/latex]<\/td><td>118.5 d<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.121<\/td><td>20%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.136<\/td><td>65%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.265<\/td><td>68%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.280<\/td><td>20%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{86}\\text{Rb}[\/latex]<\/td><td>18.8 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.69<\/td><td>9%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>1.08<\/td><td>9%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>1.77<\/td><td>91%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{85}\\text{Sr}[\/latex]<\/td><td>64.8 d<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.514<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{90}\\text{Sr}[\/latex]<\/td><td>28.8 y<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>0.546<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{90}\\text{Y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>64.1 h<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>2.28<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{99m}\\text{Tc}[\/latex]<\/td><td>6.02 h<\/td><td>IT<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.142<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{113m}\\text{In}[\/latex]<\/td><td>99.5 min<\/td><td>IT<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.392<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{123}\\text{I}[\/latex]<\/td><td>13.0 h<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.159<\/td><td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{131}\\text{I}[\/latex]<\/td><td>8.040 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.248<\/td><td>7%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.364<\/td><td>85%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.607<\/td><td>93%<\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{129}\\text{Cs}[\/latex]<\/td><td>32.3 h<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.0400<\/td><td>35%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.372<\/td><td>32%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.411<\/td><td>25%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{137}\\text{Cs}[\/latex]<\/td><td>30.17 y<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>0.511<\/td><td>95%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.662<\/td><td>95%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>1.17<\/td><td>5%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{140}\\text{Ba}[\/latex]<\/td><td>12.79 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td><td>1.035<\/td><td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.030<\/td><td>25%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.044<\/td><td>65%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>0.537<\/td><td>24%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{198}\\text{Au}[\/latex]<\/td><td>2.696 d<\/td><td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td><td>1.161<\/td><td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.412<\/td><td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{197}\\text{Hg}[\/latex]<\/td><td>64.1 h<\/td><td>EC<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.0733<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{210}\\text{Po}[\/latex]<\/td><td>138.38 d<\/td><td>[latex]\\alpha [\/latex]<\/td><td>5.41<\/td><td>100%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{226}\\text{Ra}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]1\\text{.}\\text{60}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{3}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>4.68<\/td><td>5%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.186<\/td><td>100%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>4.87<\/td><td>95%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{235}\\text{U}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]7\\text{.}\\text{038}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{8}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\alpha [\/latex]<\/td><td>4.68<\/td><td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>numerous<\/td><td>&lt;0.400%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{238}\\text{U}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]4\\text{.}\\text{468}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{9}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>4.22<\/td><td>23%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma [\/latex]<\/td><td>0.050<\/td><td>23%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>4.27<\/td><td>77%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{237}\\text{Np}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]2\\text{.}\\text{14}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{6}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>numerous<\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>numerous<\/td><td>&lt;0.250%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>4.96 (max.)<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{239}\\text{Pu}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]2\\text{.}\\text{41}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{4}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>5.19<\/td><td>11%<\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]7\\text{.}5\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{-5}[\/latex]<\/td><td>73%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>5.23<\/td><td>15%<\/td><td><\/td><td>0.013<\/td><td>15%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>5.24<\/td><td>73%<\/td><td><\/td><td>0.052<\/td><td>10%<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{243}\\text{Am}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]7\\text{.}\\text{37}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{3}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td><td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>Max. 5.44<\/td><td><\/td><td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td><td>0.075<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>5.37<\/td><td>88%<\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>5.32<\/td><td>11%<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td>others<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>","rendered":"<p id=\"import-auto-id2205639\">Decay modes are [latex]\\alpha[\/latex], [latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex], [latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex], electron capture (EC) and isomeric transition (IT). EC results in the same daughter nucleus as would [latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex] decay. IT is a transition from a metastable excited state. Energies for [latex]{\\beta }^{\u00b1}[\/latex] decays are the maxima; average energies are roughly one-half the maxima. <\/p>\n<table id=\"import-auto-id1923293\" summary=\"Table_B_01\">\n<caption><span>Selected Radioactive Isotopes<\/span><\/caption>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Isotope<\/th>\n<th><em>t<\/em><sub>1\/2<\/sub><\/th>\n<th>DecayMode(s)<\/th>\n<th>Energy(MeV)<\/th>\n<th>Percent<\/th>\n<th><\/th>\n<th>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]-Ray Energy(MeV)<\/th>\n<th>Percent<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{3}\\text{H}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>12.33 y<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>0.0186<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{14}\\text{C}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>5730 y<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.156<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{13}\\text{N}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>9.96 min<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.20<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{22}\\text{Na}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>2.602 y<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.55<\/td>\n<td>90%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.27<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{32}\\text{P}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>14.28 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.71<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{35}\\text{S}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>87.4 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>0.167<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{36}\\text{Cl}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]3\\text{.}\\text{00}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{5}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.710<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{40}\\text{K}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]1\\text{.}\\text{28}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{9}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.31<\/td>\n<td>89%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{43}\\text{K}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>22.3 h<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.827<\/td>\n<td>87%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.373<\/td>\n<td>87%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.618<\/td>\n<td>87%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{45}\\text{Ca}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>165 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>0.257<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{51}\\text{Cr}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>27.70 d<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.320<\/td>\n<td>10%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{52}\\text{Mn}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>5.59d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>3.69<\/td>\n<td>28%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.33<\/td>\n<td>28%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1.43<\/td>\n<td>28%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{52}\\text{Fe}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>8.27 h<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{+}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.80<\/td>\n<td>43%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.169<\/td>\n<td>43%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.378<\/td>\n<td>43%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{59}\\text{Fe}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>44.6 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.273<\/td>\n<td>45%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.10<\/td>\n<td>57%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.466<\/td>\n<td>55%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1.29<\/td>\n<td>43%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{60}\\text{Co}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>5.271 y<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>0.318<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.17<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1.33<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{65}\\text{Zn}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>244.1 d<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.12<\/td>\n<td>51%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{67}\\text{Ga}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>78.3 h<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.0933<\/td>\n<td>70%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.185<\/td>\n<td>35%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.300<\/td>\n<td>19%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{75}\\text{Se}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>118.5 d<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.121<\/td>\n<td>20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.136<\/td>\n<td>65%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.265<\/td>\n<td>68%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.280<\/td>\n<td>20%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{86}\\text{Rb}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>18.8 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.69<\/td>\n<td>9%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.08<\/td>\n<td>9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1.77<\/td>\n<td>91%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{85}\\text{Sr}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>64.8 d<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.514<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{90}\\text{Sr}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>28.8 y<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>0.546<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{90}\\text{Y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>64.1 h<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>2.28<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{99m}\\text{Tc}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>6.02 h<\/td>\n<td>IT<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.142<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{113m}\\text{In}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>99.5 min<\/td>\n<td>IT<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.392<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{123}\\text{I}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>13.0 h<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.159<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{131}\\text{I}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>8.040 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.248<\/td>\n<td>7%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.364<\/td>\n<td>85%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.607<\/td>\n<td>93%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{129}\\text{Cs}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>32.3 h<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.0400<\/td>\n<td>35%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.372<\/td>\n<td>32%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.411<\/td>\n<td>25%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{137}\\text{Cs}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>30.17 y<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}\\text{s}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>0.511<\/td>\n<td>95%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.662<\/td>\n<td>95%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>1.17<\/td>\n<td>5%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{140}\\text{Ba}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>12.79 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>1.035<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.030<\/td>\n<td>25%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.044<\/td>\n<td>65%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.537<\/td>\n<td>24%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{198}\\text{Au}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>2.696 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{\\beta }^{-}[\/latex] \u00ad<\/td>\n<td>1.161<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.412<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{197}\\text{Hg}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>64.1 h<\/td>\n<td>EC<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.0733<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{210}\\text{Po}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>138.38 d<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\alpha[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>5.41<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{226}\\text{Ra}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]1\\text{.}\\text{60}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{3}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>4.68<\/td>\n<td>5%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.186<\/td>\n<td>100%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>4.87<\/td>\n<td>95%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{235}\\text{U}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]7\\text{.}\\text{038}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{8}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\alpha[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>4.68<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\text{\u2248100%}\\text{}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>numerous<\/td>\n<td>&lt;0.400%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{238}\\text{U}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]4\\text{.}\\text{468}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{9}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>4.22<\/td>\n<td>23%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.050<\/td>\n<td>23%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>4.27<\/td>\n<td>77%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{237}\\text{Np}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]2\\text{.}\\text{14}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{6}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>numerous<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>numerous<\/td>\n<td>&lt;0.250%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>4.96 (max.)<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{239}\\text{Pu}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]2\\text{.}\\text{41}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{4}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>5.19<\/td>\n<td>11%<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]7\\text{.}5\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{-5}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>73%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>5.23<\/td>\n<td>15%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.013<\/td>\n<td>15%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>5.24<\/td>\n<td>73%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>0.052<\/td>\n<td>10%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[latex]{\\text{}}^{243}\\text{Am}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]7\\text{.}\\text{37}\u00d7{\\text{10}}^{3}\\text{y}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\alpha \\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>Max. 5.44<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\gamma \\phantom{\\rule{0.10em}{0ex}}\\text{s}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<td>0.075<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>5.37<\/td>\n<td>88%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>5.32<\/td>\n<td>11%<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>others<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"author":211,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"back-matter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1674","back-matter","type-back-matter","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/1674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/back-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/211"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/1674\/revisions"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/1674\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"back-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter-type?post=1674"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1674"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/test3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}