{"id":973,"date":"2022-07-04T17:12:58","date_gmt":"2022-07-04T21:12:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/?post_type=chapter&p=973"},"modified":"2022-07-04T17:18:42","modified_gmt":"2022-07-04T21:18:42","slug":"insect-orders-key-features-and-preservation-notes","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/chapter\/insect-orders-key-features-and-preservation-notes\/","title":{"raw":"Insect Orders, Key Features, and Preservation Notes","rendered":"Insect Orders, Key Features, and Preservation Notes"},"content":{"raw":"PDF version of table: Orders-KeyFeatures-Preservation Notes<\/a>\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nInsect Orders, Key Features, and Preservation Notes<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Order<\/strong><\/td>\r\nPin Location<\/strong><\/td>\r\nMost Important Features<\/strong><\/td>\r\nOther Notes<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Protura<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Diplura<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Archaeognatha = Microcoryphia<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Zygentoma = Thysanura<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Ephemeroptera<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Odonata<\/td>\r\nBetween bases of forewings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\nWing venation, features of thorax and claspers<\/td>\r\nWings can be flattened using spreading board; abdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Plecoptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\nWing venation, mouthparts<\/td>\r\nCan be spread, but not essential<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Dermaptera<\/td>\r\nFront of right elytron (as for beetles)<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Orthoptera<\/td>\r\nMiddle of metathorax, slightly to right of centre line<\/td>\r\nLegs, sternites, wings<\/td>\r\nWings are sometimes spread (both sides or only one), but not essential<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Phasmatodea<\/td>\r\nMiddle of metathorax, slightly to right of centre line<\/td>\r\nLegs, sternites<\/td>\r\nAbdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Blattodea (cockroaches)<\/td>\r\nFront of right elytron (as for beetles)<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nAbdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Blattodea (termites)<\/td>\r\nBetween bases of forewings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nOnly winged reproductive stages are normally pinned; all others are preserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Mantodea<\/td>\r\nMiddle of metathorax, slightly to right of centre line<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nAbdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Psocodea<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Thysanoptera<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Hemiptera<\/td>\r\nRight corner of scutellum (triangular sclerite between wing bases)<\/td>\r\nMouthparts, forewings, legs<\/td>\r\nMany plant-parasitic Hemiptera (Homoptera) are too soft-bodied to be pinned, and must be preserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Coleoptera<\/td>\r\nFront of right elytron<\/td>\r\nVentral midline; legs, antennae<\/td>\r\nCan be helpful to spread legs if they are curled up together: being able to count tarsal segments is essential!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Megaloptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Raphidioptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Neuroptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\nWing venation<\/td>\r\nOften shrivel as they dry, but pinning is acceptable<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lepidoptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\nWing venation<\/td>\r\nWings must be spread (enough to allow viewing of all wing veins) to be an acceptable specimen<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Trichoptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\nMouthparts, antennae<\/td>\r\nSpreading is possible, but not essential<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Siphonaptera<\/td>\r\nNone<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Diptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\nWing venation, thoracic bristles, head structures<\/td>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Hymenoptera<\/td>\r\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\r\nWing venation<\/td>\r\nSpreading is not required, but can make identification much easier (tradeoff!) if the wings are folded together<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n**Note that ALL<\/strong> immature insects, and soft-bodied adults, must be preserved in ethanol in order to keep them from shriveling. Do not attempt to pin immature stages.","rendered":"

PDF version of table: Orders-KeyFeatures-Preservation Notes<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Insect Orders, Key Features, and Preservation Notes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Order<\/strong><\/td>\nPin Location<\/strong><\/td>\nMost Important Features<\/strong><\/td>\nOther Notes<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Protura<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diplura<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Archaeognatha = Microcoryphia<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zygentoma = Thysanura<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ephemeroptera<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Odonata<\/td>\nBetween bases of forewings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\nWing venation, features of thorax and claspers<\/td>\nWings can be flattened using spreading board; abdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Plecoptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\nWing venation, mouthparts<\/td>\nCan be spread, but not essential<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Dermaptera<\/td>\nFront of right elytron (as for beetles)<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Orthoptera<\/td>\nMiddle of metathorax, slightly to right of centre line<\/td>\nLegs, sternites, wings<\/td>\nWings are sometimes spread (both sides or only one), but not essential<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Phasmatodea<\/td>\nMiddle of metathorax, slightly to right of centre line<\/td>\nLegs, sternites<\/td>\nAbdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Blattodea (cockroaches)<\/td>\nFront of right elytron (as for beetles)<\/td>\n<\/td>\nAbdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Blattodea (termites)<\/td>\nBetween bases of forewings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\n<\/td>\nOnly winged reproductive stages are normally pinned; all others are preserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mantodea<\/td>\nMiddle of metathorax, slightly to right of centre line<\/td>\n<\/td>\nAbdomen often needs support as it dries<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Psocodea<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Thysanoptera<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hemiptera<\/td>\nRight corner of scutellum (triangular sclerite between wing bases)<\/td>\nMouthparts, forewings, legs<\/td>\nMany plant-parasitic Hemiptera (Homoptera) are too soft-bodied to be pinned, and must be preserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coleoptera<\/td>\nFront of right elytron<\/td>\nVentral midline; legs, antennae<\/td>\nCan be helpful to spread legs if they are curled up together: being able to count tarsal segments is essential!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Megaloptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Raphidioptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Neuroptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\nWing venation<\/td>\nOften shrivel as they dry, but pinning is acceptable<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lepidoptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\nWing venation<\/td>\nWings must be spread (enough to allow viewing of all wing veins) to be an acceptable specimen<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Trichoptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\nMouthparts, antennae<\/td>\nSpreading is possible, but not essential<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Siphonaptera<\/td>\nNone<\/td>\n<\/td>\nPreserved in ethanol<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\nWing venation, thoracic bristles, head structures<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hymenoptera<\/td>\nMid-thorax between wings, slightly right of centre line<\/td>\nWing venation<\/td>\nSpreading is not required, but can make identification much easier (tradeoff!) if the wings are folded together<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

**Note that ALL<\/strong> immature insects, and soft-bodied adults, must be preserved in ethanol in order to keep them from shriveling. Do not attempt to pin immature stages.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":799,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-973","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":75,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/973","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/799"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=973"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/973\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":976,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/973\/revisions\/976"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/75"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/973\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=973"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=973"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=973"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unbcbiol322\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=973"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}