{"id":2722,"date":"2020-08-06T23:53:27","date_gmt":"2020-08-07T03:53:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/?post_type=back-matter&#038;p=2722"},"modified":"2020-08-10T16:06:19","modified_gmt":"2020-08-10T20:06:19","slug":"appendix-i-infamia","status":"publish","type":"back-matter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/back-matter\/appendix-i-infamia\/","title":{"raw":"Appendix I: Infamia","rendered":"Appendix I: Infamia"},"content":{"raw":"A key way that Romans marked other Romans out as unRoman in some way was <em>infamia.<\/em> <em>Infamia<\/em> was the disrepute incurred by an individual as a result of condemnation for an offense or as a consequence for certain disreputable activities. The repercussions of <em>infamia<\/em> were both social and legal in nature; those who incurred <em>infamia<\/em>, known as <em>infames<\/em> (sg. <em>infamis<\/em>) suffered legal and political handicaps as well as loss of <em>existimatio <\/em>(reputation).\r\n\r\nThere was never a unified concept of <em>infamia<\/em> in Roman law. <em>Infamia <\/em>was instead given its legal meaning over the course of many centuries through a combination of laws, decrees of the Senate, and edicts issued by the praetors and emperor. To add to the confusion, the terms <em>infamia <\/em>and <em>infamis<\/em> could also be used in non-legal contexts to refer to societal disapproval more generally.\r\n\r\nAn individual could become <em>infamis<\/em> either as a result of certain activities (e.g. working as an actor or prostitute, committing bigamy) or certain offenses (e.g. theft, defrauding a minor). In the latter case, <em>infamia<\/em> could follow condemnation in court, other times it was enough to have simply committed the offense (see the list below).\u00a0 Note that not all the activities which incurred <em>infamia <\/em>were actually illegal.\r\n\r\nThe legal consequences of <em>infamia<\/em> saw a change in emphasis from the Republic to the Empire. During the Republic, the legal handicaps revolved around public law; <em>infames<\/em> were restricted from holding office and, in some instances, from voting. During the Imperial period, <em>infames<\/em> also lost some of their private law rights. These included the ability to bring criminal accusations against others, appear as advocates, represent another in litigation, act as witnesses in court or for formal procedures (e.g. writing wills).\r\n\r\nFor a Roman senator, being branded with <em>infamia<\/em> effectively meant the end of his political career. However, the legal handicaps associated with <em>infamia<\/em> probably did not have a dramatic effect on the day-to-day lives of most infames. The inability to hold office would have meant nothing to the vast majority of Romans; restrictions on postulating in court did not apply to oneself or close relatives. Some groups, especially women, never possessed these rights to begin with. Certainly, some<em> infames<\/em> individuals, especially actors and entertainers, were able to acquire immense wealth and popularity, in spite of their status.\r\n\r\nHowever, depending on the original offense or activity, <em>infamia<\/em> was usually accompanied by other penalties and social stigmas. For example, starting under the emperor Augustus, a woman who committed adultery, in addition to being branded <em>infamis<\/em>, could also lose a large portion of her estate and be forced into exile.\r\n\r\nWho was considered <em>infamis<\/em>?\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of theft<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of robbery with violence<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of <em>iniuria[footnote]A very broad offense in Roman law, but typically involves intentionally and unjustifiably insulting another person.[\/footnote]<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for breaching a contract of partnership<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for breaching a fiduciary agreement<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for mismanaging the guardianship of a minor or woman[footnote]Underage children and women (no matter their age) without a living father were required to have a guardian (Latin tutor).[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for breaching a <em>mandatum<\/em> or<em> depositum[footnote]These were types of contracts.[\/footnote]<\/em><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of fraud<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for defrauding a minor in a contract<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Gladiators and gladiator trainers<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons who falsely deny a debt under oath<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons who declare bankruptcy<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons who cause their surety to pay to a debt<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons whose possessions are seized and sold at public auction<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons banished from Italy in a trial[footnote]If their banishment was lifted, so was their infamia.[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons who are dishonorably discharged from the army<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for lodging a false accusation<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons who receive a reward for bringing in the head of a Roman citizen[footnote]This is part of a practice known as proscription. A list of persons who could be killed without impunity would be posted in a public space by the government. Anyone who killed a 'proscribed' person would be entitled to a monetary reward. The most famous proscriptions took place during the 1st century BCE under the dictator Sulla and the Second Triumvirate.[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Prostitutes<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Actors or anyone who recites on stage<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Brothel-keepers and pimps<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Women who did not respect the mourning period for family members, including husbands[footnote]The length of time varied based on the family member and sometimes their age.The lenght was a year for a husband, and perhaps none or under a month for a baby.[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 A <em>paterfamilias<\/em> who married off a widow in their power[footnote]Roman men had near absolute power over all their children and male-line descendents. For both men and women, the consent of their patresfamilias (sg. paterfamilias), if he were still alive, was required to contract a marriage.[\/footnote] before her period of mourning was over<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Men who knowingly marry a widow before her period of mourning was over or a <em>paterfamilias <\/em>who knowingly allows someone in their power to do so<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Persons who are married or engaged to two people simultaneously or a <em>paterfamilias<\/em> who allowed such an arrangement to occur<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u27a2 Women who commit adultery[footnote]Adultery only incurred infamia beginning under the emperor Augustus. The jurist Ulpian (fl. 2nd century CE) specifies that it was enough to have committed adultery and that a conviction was not necessary for a woman to become infamis.\u00a0 link to the section about adultery? (I know someone else is working on the topic)[\/footnote]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nWorks Cited\/Bibiography\r\n\r\nChiusi, Tiziana J., and Reinhard Zimmermann. \"\u2018Fama\u2019 and \u2018infamia\u2019 in the Roman Legal System: The Cases of Afrania and Lucretia.\" In <em>Judge and Jurist : Essays in Memory of Lord Rodger of Earlsferry<\/em>, edited by Andrew Burrows and David Johnston. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.\r\n\r\nBond, Sarah E. <em>Trade and Taboo: Disreputable Professions in the Roman Mediterranean<\/em>. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2019.\r\n\r\nGardner, Jane F. \"Behaviour: Disgrace and Disrepute.\" In <em>Being a Roman Citizen<\/em>, 110-54. London: Routledge, 1993.\r\n\r\nGreenidge, A. H. J. <em>Infamia: Its Place in Roman Public and Private Law<\/em>. Aalen: Scientia, 1977.\r\n\r\nNicholas, Barry. \"Infamia.\" <em>Oxford Classical Dictionary.<\/em>December 2015. http:\/\/oxfordre.com\/classics\/view\/10.1093\/acrefore\/9780199381135.001.0001\/acrefore-9780199381135-e-3282?rskey=8oGufi&amp;result=1.\r\n\r\nSmith, William. \"Infamia.\" <em>A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities<\/em>. http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0063.\r\n\r\nGardner, Jane F. 2010. <em>Being a Roman Citizen. <\/em>London.\r\n\r\nStudent review: The book chapter \"Behaviour: Disgrace and Disrepute\" in <em>Being a Roman Citizen <\/em>is an excellent resource for students wishing to learn more about <em>infamia, <\/em>especially students who are interested in <em>infamia<\/em> as a sociological phenomenon. Unlike most earlier works on <em>infamia<\/em>, which focus almost exclusively on the legal aspects of <em>infamia,<\/em> Gardner is interested in how the law translated into the lives of those deemed infames and how <em>infames<\/em> fit into Roman society as a whole.\r\n\r\nOn the whole, resources on <em>infamia<\/em> tend to be highly technical and written for an academic audience. This book chapter is by far one of the more accessible sources for students on <em>infamia<\/em>. Gardner actually provides translations for the Latin passages she cites; she does frequently use Latin terms, but she does give the English each time the term is first introduced. That being said, the chapter does assume some knowledge of Roman law. Because of the nature of <em>infamia<\/em>, this may make some sections, especially the section on restrictions to legal representation, quite difficult to understand for most students.\r\n<div>\r\n<div><\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<p>A key way that Romans marked other Romans out as unRoman in some way was <em>infamia.<\/em> <em>Infamia<\/em> was the disrepute incurred by an individual as a result of condemnation for an offense or as a consequence for certain disreputable activities. The repercussions of <em>infamia<\/em> were both social and legal in nature; those who incurred <em>infamia<\/em>, known as <em>infames<\/em> (sg. <em>infamis<\/em>) suffered legal and political handicaps as well as loss of <em>existimatio <\/em>(reputation).<\/p>\n<p>There was never a unified concept of <em>infamia<\/em> in Roman law. <em>Infamia <\/em>was instead given its legal meaning over the course of many centuries through a combination of laws, decrees of the Senate, and edicts issued by the praetors and emperor. To add to the confusion, the terms <em>infamia <\/em>and <em>infamis<\/em> could also be used in non-legal contexts to refer to societal disapproval more generally.<\/p>\n<p>An individual could become <em>infamis<\/em> either as a result of certain activities (e.g. working as an actor or prostitute, committing bigamy) or certain offenses (e.g. theft, defrauding a minor). In the latter case, <em>infamia<\/em> could follow condemnation in court, other times it was enough to have simply committed the offense (see the list below).\u00a0 Note that not all the activities which incurred <em>infamia <\/em>were actually illegal.<\/p>\n<p>The legal consequences of <em>infamia<\/em> saw a change in emphasis from the Republic to the Empire. During the Republic, the legal handicaps revolved around public law; <em>infames<\/em> were restricted from holding office and, in some instances, from voting. During the Imperial period, <em>infames<\/em> also lost some of their private law rights. These included the ability to bring criminal accusations against others, appear as advocates, represent another in litigation, act as witnesses in court or for formal procedures (e.g. writing wills).<\/p>\n<p>For a Roman senator, being branded with <em>infamia<\/em> effectively meant the end of his political career. However, the legal handicaps associated with <em>infamia<\/em> probably did not have a dramatic effect on the day-to-day lives of most infames. The inability to hold office would have meant nothing to the vast majority of Romans; restrictions on postulating in court did not apply to oneself or close relatives. Some groups, especially women, never possessed these rights to begin with. Certainly, some<em> infames<\/em> individuals, especially actors and entertainers, were able to acquire immense wealth and popularity, in spite of their status.<\/p>\n<p>However, depending on the original offense or activity, <em>infamia<\/em> was usually accompanied by other penalties and social stigmas. For example, starting under the emperor Augustus, a woman who committed adultery, in addition to being branded <em>infamis<\/em>, could also lose a large portion of her estate and be forced into exile.<\/p>\n<p>Who was considered <em>infamis<\/em>?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of theft<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of robbery with violence<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of <em>iniuria<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"A very broad offense in Roman law, but typically involves intentionally and unjustifiably insulting another person.\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-1\" href=\"#footnote-2722-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for breaching a contract of partnership<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for breaching a fiduciary agreement<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for mismanaging the guardianship of a minor or woman<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Underage children and women (no matter their age) without a living father were required to have a guardian (Latin tutor).\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-2\" href=\"#footnote-2722-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for breaching a <em>mandatum<\/em> or<em> depositum<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"These were types of contracts.\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-3\" href=\"#footnote-2722-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons convicted of fraud<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for defrauding a minor in a contract<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Gladiators and gladiator trainers<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons who falsely deny a debt under oath<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons who declare bankruptcy<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons who cause their surety to pay to a debt<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons whose possessions are seized and sold at public auction<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons banished from Italy in a trial<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"If their banishment was lifted, so was their infamia.\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-4\" href=\"#footnote-2722-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons who are dishonorably discharged from the army<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons sued for lodging a false accusation<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons who receive a reward for bringing in the head of a Roman citizen<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"This is part of a practice known as proscription. A list of persons who could be killed without impunity would be posted in a public space by the government. Anyone who killed a 'proscribed' person would be entitled to a monetary reward. The most famous proscriptions took place during the 1st century BCE under the dictator Sulla and the Second Triumvirate.\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-5\" href=\"#footnote-2722-5\" aria-label=\"Footnote 5\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Prostitutes<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Actors or anyone who recites on stage<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Brothel-keepers and pimps<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Women who did not respect the mourning period for family members, including husbands<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"The length of time varied based on the family member and sometimes their age.The lenght was a year for a husband, and perhaps none or under a month for a baby.\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-6\" href=\"#footnote-2722-6\" aria-label=\"Footnote 6\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 A <em>paterfamilias<\/em> who married off a widow in their power<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Roman men had near absolute power over all their children and male-line descendents. For both men and women, the consent of their patresfamilias (sg. paterfamilias), if he were still alive, was required to contract a marriage.\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-7\" href=\"#footnote-2722-7\" aria-label=\"Footnote 7\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[7]<\/sup><\/a> before her period of mourning was over<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Men who knowingly marry a widow before her period of mourning was over or a <em>paterfamilias <\/em>who knowingly allows someone in their power to do so<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Persons who are married or engaged to two people simultaneously or a <em>paterfamilias<\/em> who allowed such an arrangement to occur<\/li>\n<li>\u27a2 Women who commit adultery<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Adultery only incurred infamia beginning under the emperor Augustus. The jurist Ulpian (fl. 2nd century CE) specifies that it was enough to have committed adultery and that a conviction was not necessary for a woman to become infamis.\u00a0 link to the section about adultery? (I know someone else is working on the topic)\" id=\"return-footnote-2722-8\" href=\"#footnote-2722-8\" aria-label=\"Footnote 8\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Works Cited\/Bibiography<\/p>\n<p>Chiusi, Tiziana J., and Reinhard Zimmermann. &#8220;\u2018Fama\u2019 and \u2018infamia\u2019 in the Roman Legal System: The Cases of Afrania and Lucretia.&#8221; In <em>Judge and Jurist : Essays in Memory of Lord Rodger of Earlsferry<\/em>, edited by Andrew Burrows and David Johnston. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.<\/p>\n<p>Bond, Sarah E. <em>Trade and Taboo: Disreputable Professions in the Roman Mediterranean<\/em>. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2019.<\/p>\n<p>Gardner, Jane F. &#8220;Behaviour: Disgrace and Disrepute.&#8221; In <em>Being a Roman Citizen<\/em>, 110-54. London: Routledge, 1993.<\/p>\n<p>Greenidge, A. H. J. <em>Infamia: Its Place in Roman Public and Private Law<\/em>. Aalen: Scientia, 1977.<\/p>\n<p>Nicholas, Barry. &#8220;Infamia.&#8221; <em>Oxford Classical Dictionary.<\/em>December 2015. http:\/\/oxfordre.com\/classics\/view\/10.1093\/acrefore\/9780199381135.001.0001\/acrefore-9780199381135-e-3282?rskey=8oGufi&amp;result=1.<\/p>\n<p>Smith, William. &#8220;Infamia.&#8221; <em>A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities<\/em>. http:\/\/www.perseus.tufts.edu\/hopper\/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0063.<\/p>\n<p>Gardner, Jane F. 2010. <em>Being a Roman Citizen. <\/em>London.<\/p>\n<p>Student review: The book chapter &#8220;Behaviour: Disgrace and Disrepute&#8221; in <em>Being a Roman Citizen <\/em>is an excellent resource for students wishing to learn more about <em>infamia, <\/em>especially students who are interested in <em>infamia<\/em> as a sociological phenomenon. Unlike most earlier works on <em>infamia<\/em>, which focus almost exclusively on the legal aspects of <em>infamia,<\/em> Gardner is interested in how the law translated into the lives of those deemed infames and how <em>infames<\/em> fit into Roman society as a whole.<\/p>\n<p>On the whole, resources on <em>infamia<\/em> tend to be highly technical and written for an academic audience. This book chapter is by far one of the more accessible sources for students on <em>infamia<\/em>. Gardner actually provides translations for the Latin passages she cites; she does frequently use Latin terms, but she does give the English each time the term is first introduced. That being said, the chapter does assume some knowledge of Roman law. Because of the nature of <em>infamia<\/em>, this may make some sections, especially the section on restrictions to legal representation, quite difficult to understand for most students.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-2722-1\">A very broad offense in Roman law, but typically involves intentionally and unjustifiably insulting another person. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2722-2\">Underage children and women (no matter their age) without a living father were required to have a guardian (Latin tutor). <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2722-3\">These were types of contracts. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2722-4\">If their banishment was lifted, so was their infamia. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2722-5\">This is part of a practice known as proscription. A list of persons who could be killed without impunity would be posted in a public space by the government. Anyone who killed a 'proscribed' person would be entitled to a monetary reward. The most famous proscriptions took place during the 1st century BCE under the dictator Sulla and the Second Triumvirate. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-5\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 5\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2722-6\">The length of time varied based on the family member and sometimes their age.The lenght was a year for a husband, and perhaps none or under a month for a baby. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-6\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 6\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2722-7\">Roman men had near absolute power over all their children and male-line descendents. For both men and women, the consent of their patresfamilias (sg. paterfamilias), if he were still alive, was required to contract a marriage. <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-7\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 7\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-2722-8\">Adultery only incurred infamia beginning under the emperor Augustus. The jurist Ulpian (fl. 2nd century CE) specifies that it was enough to have committed adultery and that a conviction was not necessary for a woman to become infamis.\u00a0 link to the section about adultery? (I know someone else is working on the topic) <a href=\"#return-footnote-2722-8\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 8\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":683,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["kate-tandberg"],"pb_section_license":""},"back-matter-type":[27],"contributor":[78],"license":[],"class_list":["post-2722","back-matter","type-back-matter","status-publish","hentry","back-matter-type-appendix","contributor-kate-tandberg"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/2722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/back-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/683"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/2722\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2727,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/2722\/revisions\/2727"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/2722\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"back-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter-type?post=2722"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=2722"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/unromantest\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=2722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}