Chapter 9: Pre-Writing
Outlining
Outlining is a useful pre-writing tool when you know your topic well or at least know the areas you want to explore. An outline can be written before you begin to write, and it can range from formal to informal.
Traditional Outline
A traditional outline uses a numbering and indentation scheme to help organize your thoughts. Generally, you begin with your main claim, perhaps stated as a thesis, and place the supporting claims, usually the main supports for your thesis/main argument, and finally flesh out the evidence underneath each subclaim. Each subclaim is numbered and has the same level of indentation. Details under each subclaim are given a different style of number or letter and are indented further to the right.
Here is a video about outlines made by the STEM Writing Resources for Learning at UBC (ScWRL):
Rough Outline
A rough outline is less formal than a traditional outline. Working from a list, a brainstorm, or a freewrite, organize the ideas into the order that makes sense to you. You might try color-coding like items and then grouping the items with the same color together. Another method is to print your prewriting, then cut it up into smaller pieces, and finally put the pieces into piles of related items. Tape the like items together, then put the pieces together into a whole list/outline.
Adaptations
This section has been adapted from Strategies for Getting Started in The Word on College Reading and Writing by Carol Burnell, Jaime Wood, Monique Babin, Susan Pesznecker, and Nicole Rosevear, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.
References
UBC Science Writing. (2014, September 19). Creating and Using Outlines. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ZWe3mmLcoA&t=1s
Media Attributions
- OBFGFT0 © freepik.com/titusurya adapted by Angie Goertz is licensed under a CC BY (Attribution) license
An organizational pre-writing tool for planning the structure of a paper or other piece of writing. Various ideas are hierarchically organized in the outline; with a main idea used as a “heading” with multiple related ideas written underneath it.
A statement that makes a claim or presents a theory. A thesis is the “focal point” of many academic works, which tend to hinge on either proving or challenging the main claim made in the thesis.
A technique where you simply write what comes to mind regarding a topic or idea, without pausing or going back to edit or revise (that can be done at later steps).