{"id":530,"date":"2022-03-21T05:33:22","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T09:33:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=530"},"modified":"2022-08-24T15:36:59","modified_gmt":"2022-08-24T19:36:59","slug":"ii-basic-apa-citation-practices","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/chapter\/ii-basic-apa-citation-practices\/","title":{"raw":"Basic APA Citation Practices","rendered":"Basic APA Citation Practices"},"content":{"raw":"<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/If-its-not-common-knowledge-cite-it-1.png\"><img class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-1794\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/If-its-not-common-knowledge-cite-it-1-1024x576.png\" alt=\"If it's not common knowledge, cite it!\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\nIn this section, you will learn basic APA in-text and reference citation conventions. For a more detailed APA guide, visit <a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/research_and_citation\/apa_style\/apa_style_introduction.html\">The Purdue Online Writing Lab<\/a> (OWL). The Purdue OWL hosts an excellent collection of resources on APA style and formatting, including in-text citations, reference citations, and student paper formatting.\r\n<h5><strong>In-Text Citation Basics<\/strong><\/h5>\r\nThere is a direct and important relationship between in-text citations and reference citations (the longer citations compiled in an alphabetical list at the end of your paper). In-text citations are shortened versions of reference citations\u2014they refer the curious reader to the References list. In your scholarship, if you use an in-text citation to give credit to something another scholar said, there must also be a corresponding citation in the References list.\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-585 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a paragraph with highlighted in-text citation\" width=\"887\" height=\"362\" \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Basic Rules for In-text Citations (APA):<\/strong>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">(Last name, DATE)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">For one author, list the author\u2019s last name (Cuff, 2022)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">For two authors, list both last names, separated by \u201c&amp;\u201d (Cuff and Roberts, 2022)<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">For more than two authors, list the first author\u2019s last name with et al. after (Cuff et al., 2022)<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><\/div>\r\n<h5><strong>Integrating In-Text Citations Into Your Sentences: Direct Quotes<\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks.jpg\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1153 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"illustration of orange quotation marks in two corners of a square outlined in pink\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a>\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Narrative Quotation<\/strong>\r\n\r\nLast name (year) + signal verb + \u201cquote\u201d (pages).\r\n\r\nFor example:\r\n\r\nCuff (2002) argues, \u201cthere are a variety of strategies to support students in mastering citation practices\u201d (p. 2).\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<strong>Parenthetical Citation<\/strong>\r\n\r\nFor example:\r\n\r\nShe says \u201cthere are a variety of strategies to support students in mastering citation practices\u201d (Cuff, 2022, p. 2).\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h5><strong>Integrating In-Text Citations Into Your Sentences: Paraphrase<\/strong><\/h5>\r\n<a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920.png\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1159 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-300x261.png\" alt=\"Two open hands reaching towards one another with space in between\" width=\"300\" height=\"261\" \/><\/a>For a [pb_glossary id=\"1360\"]paraphrase[\/pb_glossary], you <strong>DO NOT<\/strong> need the page number.\r\n<div class=\"textbox\">\r\n\r\nFor example:\r\n\r\nIn \u201cCanada\u2019s New Food Guide: A Fail on Culture and Sustainability,\u201d Sarah Duignan (2019) argues that ______________.\r\n\r\n<strong><em>OR<\/em><\/strong>\r\n\r\nIn \u201cCanada\u2019s New Food Guide: A Fail on Culture and Sustainability,\u201d the author argues that ________________ (Duignan, 2019).\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nIf you want to review the difference between a direct quote, a paraphrase and a summary, circle back to <a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/chapter\/summarizing-v-s-direct-quotation-v-s-paraphrasing\/\"><strong>Chapter 6: <span class=\"TextRun SCXW9532553 BCX0\" lang=\"EN\" xml:lang=\"EN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW9532553 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">When to Direct Quote, Paraphrase, or Summarize<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a>","rendered":"<p><a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/If-its-not-common-knowledge-cite-it-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-1794\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/If-its-not-common-knowledge-cite-it-1-1024x576.png\" alt=\"If it's not common knowledge, cite it!\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In this section, you will learn basic APA in-text and reference citation conventions. For a more detailed APA guide, visit <a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/owl.purdue.edu\/owl\/research_and_citation\/apa_style\/apa_style_introduction.html\">The Purdue Online Writing Lab<\/a> (OWL). The Purdue OWL hosts an excellent collection of resources on APA style and formatting, including in-text citations, reference citations, and student paper formatting.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>In-Text Citation Basics<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>There is a direct and important relationship between in-text citations and reference citations (the longer citations compiled in an alphabetical list at the end of your paper). In-text citations are shortened versions of reference citations\u2014they refer the curious reader to the References list. In your scholarship, if you use an in-text citation to give credit to something another scholar said, there must also be a corresponding citation in the References list.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-585 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation.jpg\" alt=\"Image of a paragraph with highlighted in-text citation\" width=\"887\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation.jpg 887w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation-300x122.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation-768x313.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation-65x27.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation-225x92.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/APA-in-text-citation-350x143.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 887px) 100vw, 887px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Basic Rules for In-text Citations (APA):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">(Last name, DATE)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">For one author, list the author\u2019s last name (Cuff, 2022)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">For two authors, list both last names, separated by \u201c&amp;\u201d (Cuff and Roberts, 2022)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">For more than two authors, list the first author\u2019s last name with et al. after (Cuff et al., 2022)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><\/div>\n<h5><strong>Integrating In-Text Citations Into Your Sentences: Direct Quotes<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1153 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"illustration of orange quotation marks in two corners of a square outlined in pink\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-1536x1536.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-225x225.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks-350x350.jpg 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/quotation-marks.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p><strong>Narrative Quotation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Last name (year) + signal verb + \u201cquote\u201d (pages).<\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<p>Cuff (2002) argues, \u201cthere are a variety of strategies to support students in mastering citation practices\u201d (p. 2).<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Parenthetical Citation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<p>She says \u201cthere are a variety of strategies to support students in mastering citation practices\u201d (Cuff, 2022, p. 2).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h5><strong>Integrating In-Text Citations Into Your Sentences: Paraphrase<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1159 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-300x261.png\" alt=\"Two open hands reaching towards one another with space in between\" width=\"300\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-300x261.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-1024x891.png 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-768x668.png 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-1536x1337.png 1536w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-65x57.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-225x196.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920-350x305.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1608\/2022\/03\/hands-5655424_1920.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a>For a <a class=\"glossary-term\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-describedby=\"definition\" href=\"#term_530_1360\">paraphrase<\/a>, you <strong>DO NOT<\/strong> need the page number.<\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox\">\n<p>For example:<\/p>\n<p>In \u201cCanada\u2019s New Food Guide: A Fail on Culture and Sustainability,\u201d Sarah Duignan (2019) argues that ______________.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>OR<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In \u201cCanada\u2019s New Food Guide: A Fail on Culture and Sustainability,\u201d the author argues that ________________ (Duignan, 2019).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you want to review the difference between a direct quote, a paraphrase and a summary, circle back to <a class=\"internal\" href=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/chapter\/summarizing-v-s-direct-quotation-v-s-paraphrasing\/\"><strong>Chapter 6: <span class=\"TextRun SCXW9532553 BCX0\" lang=\"EN\" xml:lang=\"EN\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW9532553 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">When to Direct Quote, Paraphrase, or Summarize<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"media-attributions clear\" prefix:cc=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/ns#\" prefix:dc=\"http:\/\/purl.org\/dc\/terms\/\"><h2>Media Attributions<\/h2><ul><li >If it&#8217;s not common knowledge, cite it! (1)  &copy;  Lindsay Cuff    is licensed under a  <a rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-NC-SA (Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike)<\/a> license<\/li><li about=\"https:\/\/roughwritersguide.pressbooks.com\/\"><a rel=\"cc:attributionURL\" href=\"https:\/\/roughwritersguide.pressbooks.com\/\" property=\"dc:title\">APA-in-text-citation<\/a>  &copy;  Dr. Karen Palmer and Dr. Sandi Van Lieu    is licensed under a  <a rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY (Attribution)<\/a> license<\/li><li about=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/illustrations\/quote-balloon-quotation-marks-1122421\/\"><a rel=\"cc:attributionURL\" href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/illustrations\/quote-balloon-quotation-marks-1122421\/\" property=\"dc:title\">quotation marks<\/a>      is licensed under a  <a rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY (Attribution)<\/a> license<\/li><li about=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/illustrations\/hands-reach-hand-shaking-humanity-5655424\/\"><a rel=\"cc:attributionURL\" href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/illustrations\/hands-reach-hand-shaking-humanity-5655424\/\" property=\"dc:title\">hands-5655424_1920<\/a>  &copy;  <a rel=\"dc:creator\" href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/users\/haticeerol-14967706\/\" property=\"cc:attributionName\">HaticeEROL<\/a>    is licensed under a  <a rel=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY (Attribution)<\/a> license<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"glossary\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\" id=\"definition\">definition<\/span><template id=\"term_530_1360\"><div class=\"glossary__definition\" role=\"dialog\" data-id=\"term_530_1360\"><div tabindex=\"-1\"><p>An author reiterates a main idea, argument, or detail of a text in their own words without drastically altering the length of the passage(s) they paraphrase. Contrast with summary.<\/p>\n<\/div><button><span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Close definition<\/span><\/button><\/div><\/template><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1558,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-530","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":106,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/530","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1558"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/530\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2090,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/530\/revisions\/2090"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/106"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/530\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=530"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=530"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=530"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/writingplace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=530"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}