1 Test

Feed

Solution

Oxidant

Temp.

Pressure

Equipment/Method

Oxidized Cu ore (oxides etc.)

Dil. H₂SO₄

None

Ambient

Atmospheric

Heaps

Sulfide Cu ore

Dil. H₂SO₄

Ferric, bacteria

Ambient

Atmospheric

Heaps

Cu,Ni,Co,Zn concentrates/mattes

Dil. H₂SO₄

Ferric, oxygen

~100 or >150°C

1-10 bar

Tanks, autoclaves

Zinc calcine (ZnO)

Dil. H₂SO₄

None

40-90°C

Atmospheric

Tanks

Ni matte

Dil. HCl

Ferric, cupric

<100°C

Atmospheric

Tanks

Ni laterite ore

Dil. H₂SO₄

None

~250°C

~50 bar

Autoclaves

Reduced laterite ore

NH₃/CO₂

Air, Cupric

40-80°C

Atmospheric

Tanks

Uranium ore

Dil. H₂SO₄

Ferric + MnO₂

40-50°C

Atmospheric

Tanks, in-situ

Oxidized gold ore

NaCN

Air

Ambient

Atmospheric

Heaps, tanks

Refractory gold ore, concentrates

1 H₂SO₄,

then:

1 Ferric,

then:

1 150-200°C, then:

1 30-40 bar, then

1 Autoclaves,

then

2 NaCN

2 air

2 ambient

2 atmospheric

2 tanks

Bauxite i.e. Al(O)OH

NaOH

None

150-200°C

20-40 bar

Autoclaves

Roasted vanadium ore

Water

None

50-90°C

Atmospheric

Tanks, columns

Scheelite,

i.e. CaWO₄

Soda ash (Na₂CO₃)

None

200°C

40 bar

Autoclaves