Module 2: Cross-cultural Research Methodology
Readings
He, J., & van de Vijver, F. (2012). Bias and Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Research [PDF]. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1111. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
CC BY-NC-ND 3.0
Smith, P. B. (2002). Levels of Analysis in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1018. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
van de Vijver, F. J. (2009). Types of Comparative Studies in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1017. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
Cheung, F. M., & Cheung, S. (2003). Measuring Personality and Values Across Cultures: Imported Versus Indigenous Measures [PDF]. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 4(4). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1042. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
Teaching Materials
- Major Points
- PowerPoint Presentation [PPT]
- Selected video presentations (choose 1 or 2)
- Critical Thinking Questions
Major Points
-
- Equivalence
- Conceptual meaning
- Empirical method
- Sampling
- Representative
- Selection
- Non-cultural Demographic variables
- Education
- Socio-economic status
- Language
- Translation
- Back-translation
- Operational Definition
- Behavior
- Cultural practices
- Setting and Procedure
- Geographical
- Physical
- Response Set
- Yea Sayers- Nay Sayers
- Questionnaires
- Psychological Measures
- Test items
- Rating scales
- Interpretation
- Cultural lens and bias
- Equivalence
Videos
OER Cultural Psychology Chap 3 Research Methods Mini Overview (3:28)
Creative Commons Attribute License CC BY 3.0
Cross cultural | Methods of research | Research Methodology & Statistics (3:23)
Creative Commons Attribute License CC BY 3.0
Creative Research Methods-Transformative and Indigenous research (13:57)
Creative Commons Attribute License CC BY 3.0
Indigenous Research Methodologies: chuutsqa’s story (6:54)
Creative Commons license CC BY- NC- ND 4.0 International
Critical Thinking Questions
Critical Thinking Questions
- A researcher is interested in comparing levels of depression across several countries, using an indigenous approach in which interviews are held with individuals from the target cultures which are then used to formulate items. The items are partly identical across the countries and partly different. What are the main issues in terms of bias and equivalence of such a study?
- What kind of equivalence would be most important for a study that tries to establish whether extroversion has the same meaning in Morocco, Japan, and the Philippines?
- Why do variables sometimes relate to each other in opposite ways at different levels of analysis
- In what ways do Schwartz’s individual-level analyses advance cross-cultural psychology?
Critical Thinking Questions adapted from
- He, J., & van de Vijver, F. (2012). Bias and Equivalence in Cross-Cultural Research [PDF]. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1111. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 - Smith, P. B. (2002). Levels of Analysis in Cross-Cultural Psychology [PDF]. Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.9707/2307-0919.1018. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.