Chemistry: Advanced Level

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Core Topics

A. Measurement

• Demonstrate the concepts of precision and accuracy and how they differ
• Perform calculations using significant figures and scientific notation
• Utilize dimensional analysis to perform conversions with the SI system

B. Properties of Substances

• Differentiate and classify matter based on phase and composition
• Identify chemical or physical properties and changes of substances

C. Atomic Structure

• Analyze the historical development of atomic theory and related laws
• Describe the Bohr and Wave Mechanical model of the atom and cite evidence for these models including absorption and emission spectra
• Write electron configurations
• Relate average atomic mass to isotopes and their natural abundance

D. Periodic Trends

• Use the periodic table to determine atomic composition of elements
• Use the periodic table to predict electron arrangement of chemical families in order to predict trends in ion charge, reactivity, ionization energy, electronegativity, electron affinity, atomic radii, and ionic radii

E. Mole Concept

• Define a mole and its significance
• Perform calculations including molar and formula mass, mole to mass conversions, percent composition by mass of compounds, and determine empirical formula

F. Bonding

• Define covalent and ionic bonding
• Use electronegativity to predict bond types
• Draw Lewis structures, predict molecular shapes, and determine polarity

G. Nomenclature

• Write IUPAC names for compounds given the formula and write formula for compounds given the names for the following types of compounds:
  • Covalent compounds
  • Ionic compounds
  • Compounds containing polyatomic ions
  • Compounds containing transition metals
  • Acids

H. Chemical Reactions

• Balance equations
• Classify and predict single and double replacement reactions (including precipitation and neutralization) and combustion reactions
• Classify synthesis, decomposition, exothermic and endothermic reactions
• Perform stoichiometric calculations including mass-to-mass, limiting reagent, and percent yield

I. Solutions

• Predict solubility and conductivity of polar and non-polar compounds
• Define Arrhenius acids and bases, and relate them to the pH scale
• Calculate concentrations
• Perform stoichiometric calculations involving solutions including titrations
• Perform calculations involving dilutions

J. Organic Chemistry

• Classify substances as organic and differentiate the types of bonding between carbon atoms
• Write IUPAC names and draw structures of hydrocarbons
• Categorize organic compounds based on their functional groups

Optional Topics

Options may include additional organic chemistry, nuclear chemistry, gas laws, green chemistry, and environmental ethics

Laboratories

Chemistry laboratories are an essential component of the study of chemistry.

During laboratories, students reinforce theory through practice. Laboratories develop skills in safety, procedures, techniques, data collection, analysis, and communication.

All chemistry courses must include a minimum of eight labs covering the core concepts, wherein chemistry learners will:

• List the safety and protective equipment available in a laboratory setting
• Demonstrate the appropriate procedures and techniques for dealing with particular hazards and hazardous materials
• Follow instructions and procedures
• Handle appropriate equipment for measuring mass, volume, and temperature
• Prepare solutions
• Perform titrations
• Collect and record measurements precisely
• Analyze and interpret data
• Communicate results and conclusions