References

Abed, R. (2105, November 14). Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 12. Retrieved from http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=9001896&fileId=S0790966700002007

Allen, R. J. (1991). The Nature of Judicial Proof. Cardozo Law Review, 373-422 .

Arcaro, G. (2009). Criminal Investigations: Forming Reasonable Grounds (Fifth ed.). Toronto, Ontario: Emond Montgomery Publications Limited.

Bennett, M. (2015). Unspringing the witness memory and demeanour trap: What every judge and jury needs to know about cognitive psychology and witness credibility. Wahington: American University of Law.

Brainerd, C. J., & Reyna, V. F. (2005). The Science of False Memory. Oxford, UK: Oxford Universtiy Press. 

Britannica, E. O. (2015). DNA Chemical Compound . Retrieved from Enclyclopedia Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/science/DNA

Byrnes, T. (2015). Professional Criminals of America (1886). Retrieved from Online at Archive.org: https://archive.org/details/cu31924096989177

Campbell, J. A. (1996). Bernardo Investigation Review. Toronto: Solicitor General and Minister of Correctional Services.

Cox, W. A. (2015). Early Postmortem Changes. Retrieved from forensicmd.files.wordpress.com

Dass, S. C. (2016). Classification of Fingerprints. Retrieved from Department of Statistics & Probabilities: https://www.cse.msu.edu/~cse802/Papers/802_FPClassification.pdf

De Saram, G.S.W., Webster, G., Kathirgamatamby, N. (1956). Post-Mortem Temperature and the Time of Death. Crim. L. Criminology & Police Science, 46.

Dostal, P. (2012). Accessory After the Fact. Retrieved January 15, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Accessory_After_the_Fact

Dostal, P. (2012). Attempts. Retrieved January 15, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Attempts

Dostal, P. (2012). Conspiracy (Offence). Retrieved January 15, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Conspiracy_(Offence)

Dostal, P. (2012). Counselling. Retrieved January 15, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Counselling

Dostal, P. (2012). Informer Privilege. Retrieved January 16, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Informer_Privilege

Dostal, P. (2012). Parties to an Offence. Retrieved January 15, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Parties_to_an_Offence

Dostal, P. (2012). Principled Exception to Hearsay. Retrieved January 12, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Principled_Exception_to_Hearsay

Dostal, P. (2012). Principles of Fundamental Justice. Retrieved January 20, 2017, from The Canadian Criminal Law Notebook: http://criminalnotebook.ca/index.php/Principles_of_Fundamental_Justice

Elsevier, B. (2016). Coup contrecoup injury. Retrieved January 27, 2017, from Science Direct: http://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/page/Coup_contrecoup_injury

Advamag, Inc. (2017). Rigor Mortis and Other Postmortem Changes. Retrieved January 16, 2017, from Encyclopedia of Death and Dying: http://www.deathreference.com/Py-Se/Rigor-Mortis-and-Other-Postmortem-Changes.html

EnkiVillage. (2017). How Long Does It Take for a Body to Decompose? Retrieved January 16, 2017, from EnkiVillage: http://www.enkivillage.com/how-long-does-it-take-for-a-body-to-decompose.html#affix-section-3

Fookes, S. A. (1973). Patrol Sergeant. (A. GEHL, Interviewer)

Gaytmenn, R. S. D. (2003). Quantification of forensic DNA from various regions of human teeth. Journal of Forensic Science, 48(3), 622-625.

Gecker, R. A. (1989). The Doctrine of Necessity and Its Parameters. Marquette Law Review, 1 – 39 Volume 73 Article 1.

Giannelli, P. C. (2007). Faculty Publications Paper 153. Retrieved Janauary 27, 2017, from Case Western University School of Law: http://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/faculty_publications/153

Gibson, D. (2014). The Kennedy Assassination Cover-up. New York City, NY: Kroshka Books .

Goff, L. (2015). Early post-mortem changes and stages of decomposition. Retrieved from www.academia.dk Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009: www.academia.dk/BiologiskAntropologi/…/post-mortem-changes.pdf

Government of British Columbia. (2015, Nov 27). British Columbia Police Act. Retrieved from www.qp.gov.bc.c: http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/police/ec36700.htm#34

Government of Canada. (2015, November 13). Canada Evidence Act. Retrieved from http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/C-5/

Government of Canada. (2015). Youth Criminal Justice. Retrieved from Justice Laws Website – Youth Criminal Justice: http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/Y-1.5/page-57.html#h-49

Government of Canada. (2015). Your Guide to the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Retrieved from http://www.pch.gc.ca/eng/1356631760121/1356631904950

Government of Canada. (2017). Canada Evidence Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. C-5). Retrieved January 23, 2017, from http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-5/

Government of Canada. (2017, January 14). Conspiracy. Retrieved January 11, 2017, from http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-46/section-465.html

Gubrium, J. F., & Holstein, J. A. (2002). Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications Inc.

Gudjonsson, G. H., & Petursson, H. (1991). Custodial interrogation: Why do suspects confess and how does it relate to their crime, attitude and personality?. Personality and Individual Differences, 12(3), 295-306.

Guharaj, P. V. (2003). Forensic Medicine 2nd Edition. Hyderabad: Longman Orient: Sangam Books Ltd.

Head, T. A. (2010). Crime and Punishment in America. New York, NY: Infobase Publishing.

Henry, E. R. (1900). Classification and Uses of Fingerprints. Routledge.

Hill v Hamilton-Wentworth Regional Police Services Board, 2007 SCC 41

Hitchcock, T. S. (2015, June 05). The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 1674-1913. Retrieved from www.oldbaileyonline.org/static/Policing.jsp

Irwin Law. (n.d.). Prima facie case. Retrieved January 14, 2017, from The Canadian Online Legal Dictionary: https://www.irwinlaw.com/cold/prima_facie_case

Jaffe, F. A. (1994). Petechial Hemorrhages: A Review of Pathogenesis. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 203-207.

Jain, A. F. (2010). Fingerprint Matching. Biometrics, 36-44.

Justice Canada. (2017, January 14). Rules of Evidence in Canada. Retrieved January 14, 2017, from Canada Evidnce Act: http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/C-5/

Justice Department Canada. (2017, January 02). Rules of Evidence. Retrieved from http://laws.justice.gc.ca/en/C-5/

Justice Laws Canada. (2017). Duty of persons to provide necessaries. Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-46/section-215.html

Kaufman, F., & Morin, G. P. (1998). The Commission on Proceedings Involving Guy Paul Morin: Report. Ministry of the Attorney General.Legal Information Institute. 

Lindsey, S., Hertwig, R., & Gigerenzer, G. (2003). Communicating Statistical DNA Evidence, 43 Jurimetrics J. 147-163.

MacCallum, E. P. (2008). Report of the Commission of Inquiry into the Wrongful Conviction of David Milgaard. Regina, SK: Saskatchewan Government.

MacDonell, J. (1820). Report of State Trials Volume 1. London: The State Trial Committee.

Macrae, M. (2015). Is the Science of DNA Wrongful Conviction-Proof? Retrieved January 17, 2017, from Innocence Canada: https://www.aidwyc.org/dna/

McCrery, N. (2013). Silent Witnesses. London: Random House Books.

McRory, S. (2014). Introduction to Criminal Process for Inspector. Compliance Assurance Learning and Development Program, 43. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Energy Regulator.

Morgan, C. H. (2004). Accuracy of eyewitness memory for persons encountered during exposure to highly intense stress. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 265-279.

National Science Forensic Technology Center. (2012). A Simplified Guide To Bloodstain Pattern Analysis. National Science Forensic Technology Center. Retrieved January 15, 2017, from www.forensicsciencesimplified.org/blood/BloodstainPatterns.pdf

Oorsouw, K. M. (2015). Alcohol intoxication impairs memory and increases suggestibility for a mock crime: a filed study. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 29, 293-501.

Oppal, W. (2013). The report of the mission women commission of inquiry. British Columbia Government.

Pennington, M. (1999). Miscarriages of Justice: A call for continued research focusing on reforming the investigative process. Journal of Forensic Practice, 13, 61-71.

Petherick, W. A. (2010). Forensic Criminology. London: Elsevier Academic Press.

Police Executive Research Forum. (2014). The Police Response to Active Shooter Incidents. Critical Issues in Policing Series, 1-46.

R v Abernathy, 2002 BCCA 8

R v Basi, 2009 SCC 52, [2009] 3 SCR 389

R v Beare, 1988 2 SCR 387

R v Beaudry, [2007] 1 SCR 190, 2007 SCC 5

R v Briscoe, 2010 SCC 13, [2010] 1 SCR 411

R v Ferguson, 1996 BCCA 342

R v Gagnon, 2006 MBCA X at 13 

R v Godoy, 1999 1 SCR 311

R v Graham, 1974 S.C.R. 206

R v Grant, 2009 SCC 32 

R v Khan, 1990 2 SCR 531

R v Kowlyk, 1998 2 SCR 59

R v Lifchus, 1997 3 SCR 320 

R v Mann, 2004 3 SCR 59

R v Perka, 1984 2 SCR 232

R v Schell, 2004 188 CCC (3d) 254 (ABCA)

R v Smith, 1992 2 SCR 915

R v Starr, 2000 2 S.C.R. 144

R v Steinberg, 1931 SCR 421

R v Stinchcombe, 1991 3 SCR 326 

R v Storrey, 1990 1 SCR 241

R v Terrence, 1983 1 SCR 357

R v Walsh, 1978 48 CCC (2d) 199 (ONCA)

R v Woodcock, 1789 168 E.R. 352 (K.B.) 

Reith, C. (1943). Preventive Principle of Police. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 34, 206-209.

Resnick, H. S., Kilpatrick, D. G., Dansky, B. S., Saunders, B. E., & Best, C. L. (1993). Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 984-991.

Rex v. Burdett, 1820 4 B. & Aid

Rogers, K. (2016). Chimera Genetics. Retrieved from Encyclopedia Britanica: https://www.britannica.com/topic/chimera-genetics

Rose, C. & Beck, V. (2009). Eyewitness accounts: False facts, false memories, and false identification. Journal of Crime and Justice, 39(2), 243-263.

Rossmo, D. K. (1987). Geographic Profiling Target Patterns of Serial Murderers. Burnaby: Simon Fraser University.

Rossmo, D. K. (2009). Criminal Investigative Failures. Bocal Raton: CRC Press Taylor & Fransis Group.

Royal Canadian Mounted Police. (2006, September 01). National DNA Data Bank. Retrieved January 16, 2017, from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/nddb-bndg/index-accueil-eng.htm

Royal Canadian Mounted Police. (2015, Nov 27). Criminal Investigative Analysis . Retrieved from http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/tops-opst/bs-sc/crim-profil-eng.htm

Salhany, R. (2008). Taman Inquiry into the Investigation and Prosecution of Derek Harvey-Zenk. Winnipeg: Government of Manitoba.

Sansregret v The Queen, 1985 1 SCR 570

Savino, J. O., Turvey, B. E., & Freeman, J. L. (2011). Rape investigation handbook. Waltham: Academic Press – an imprint of Elsevier.

Sebetic, E. (1950). Marquette Law Review 128. Retrieved from http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/mulr/vol34/iss2/6

Shah, A. K. (2008). Heuristics Made Easy: An Effort-Reduction Framework. Psychological Bulletin, 134(2), 207-22. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.134.2.207

Smalarz, L., & Wells, G. L. (2015). Contamination of eyewitness self-reports and the mistaken-identification problem. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24(2), 120-124.

Smith, C. (2010). Shaken Baby Syndrome – An Investigator’s Perspective. Abbotsford: University of the Fraser Valley.

Sopinka, J. (1999). The Law of Evidence in Canada 2nd ed. Toronto, Ontario: LexisNexis Canada.

Streets, M. D., & Gerald, M. (1990). The homicide witness and victimization; PTSD in civilian populations: a literature review. Jefferson Journal of Psychiatry, 8(1), 12.

Taber, K. (2006). Beyond Constructivism: the Progressive Research Programme into Learning Science. Studies in Science Education, 42, 125-184.

Thomas, S. A. (2000). JonBenet: Inside the Ramsey Murder Investigation. New York, NY: St Maritn’s Paperback.

Thompson, R. (2013, September 11). Hearsay and Exceptions to Hearsay Rule. Retrieved from https://library.lawsociety.sk.ca/inmagicgenie/documentfolder/EFLP3.PDF

Transit Police (2015, November 14). Police Warnings – Transit Police. Retrieved from www.transitpolice.bc.ca

Varney, C. A. (2009). Procedural Fairness. 13th Annual Competition Conference of the International Bar Association. Fiesole, Italy: Antitrust Division United States Department of Justice.