Chapter 12: Skin Problems Caused by the Environment
Cold-Induced Conditions: Chilblains/Pernio
Chilblains or pernio is term to describe an abnormal inflammatory response in acral skin (fingers and toes) in response to cold exposure. It mainly occurs in areas that have a cold and damp weather.
What does it look like?
The lesions present on the fingers and toes with multiple red-blue papules, nodules and erosions. It is often initially painful then becomes very pruritic.
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How is it treated?
Prevention is through avoidance of exposure to cool damp weather and wearing proper clothing. Treatment of active lesions is mid-high potency topical corticosteroids. Those who suffer recurrent episodes may be treated with calcium-channel blockers such as nifedipine.