In our previous chapters, we explored several components of the neuromuscular system including the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. In this chapter we will build on this knowledge by discussing the pathophysiology of different diseases that involve the neuromuscular system. There are a huge number of diseases that can impact the neuromuscular system. In the following sections, we have chosen to highlight six different diseases that act on different components of the neuromuscular system. It’s important to understand that neuromuscular disorders can result from deficits anywhere along the pathway from the cerebral cortex to the skeletal muscle.

As we go through these diseases, think back to our previous chapters where we learned about the normal physiology and anatomy of each component. It’s important to understand what happens in normal conditions so we can begin to learn about the consequences to the body during disease or injury. You may feel overwhelmed while reading this chapter- the neuromuscular system is complex! Make sure you review our previous chapters when you need to refresh your knowledge of these challenging topics.