Atherosclerosis and Angina
Post-Test for Atherosclerosis
Jennifer Kong
1. Fill in the blank.Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of _____, which contributes to the majority of deaths globally.
2. Fill in the blanks.
Most of the blood vessels share a similar structure and consist of three layers.
The innermost layer, also known as _____, consists of a single layer of endothelium and some connective tissue. The atherosclerotic process is initiated within this layer. The middle layer, _____, contains smooth muscle, allows for blood vessel contraction/distension, and helps regulate _____. Lastly, _____ contains connective tissue fibers, blood vessels that supply the tissues within the blood vessel wall, and nerves.
3. Finish the following sentence. Aorta, the largest artery in the human body, is able to conduct large volumes of blood ejected from the heart and respond to blood pressure fluctuations due to high content of:
- Collagen fibers
- Elastin fibers
- Proteoglycans
- Phospholipids
4. High-density cholesterol is also known as “bad cholesterol” and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis.
- True
- False
5. Cellular changes that occur during the atherosclerotic plaque development DO NOT include:
- Deposition of lipid particles within the tunica intima and tunica media
- Formation of foam cells
- Deposition of calcium that hardens the vessel wall and decreases it’s elasticity
- Formation of a soft necrotic core and a protective fibrous cap
- Deposition of cholesterol crystals
- Formation of new blood vessels within the plaque to ensure sufficient blood supply to the lesion
6. Finish the following sentence. Individual and public health efforts towards early diagnosis of atherosclerosis, as well as decrease of the burden of existing atherosclerosis, are called:
- Primary prevention
- Secondary prevention
- Prophylaxis
- Damage control
7. Modifiable risk factors of atherosclerosis that can be changed by targeted health behaviour interventions include:
Select all that apply.
- Genetic predisposition
- Smoking
- Ethnicity
- Blood pressure
- Physical activity level
Answer Key
- Ischemic heart disease
- Tunica intima, tunica media, blood pressure, tunica adventitia
- Elastin fibers
- False
- Formation of new blood vessels within the plaque to ensure sufficient blood supply to the lesion
- Secondary prevention
- Smoking, blood pressure, physical activity level
